ROBERT J. THOMPSON —A highly-progressive rancher of the type that always profits from experience, and so enjoys today according to the labor of yesterday, and while building for tomorrow, is Robert J. Thompson of Orange Avenue,

Santa Ana, favorably known through his successful land dealings, in which he has always operated in the fairest manner. He was born at Romney, Hampshire County, Va. (now West Virginia), on the south branch of the Potomac River, on March 2, 1847, the son of Robert Thompson, a farmer, who married Zulemma Taylor, and was sent to the private schools of that locality, as there were then no public schools there. In 186S, when he was eighteen years old, he moved near Pawpaw, Lee County, Ill., where the elder Thompson had already purchased Government land, but did not join his son until 1868. He finished his schooling in the Prairie State, and when he put aside his books, he engaged in farming at Pawpaw.

In Lee County, on March IS, 1870, Mr. Thompson was married to Miss Evelyn L. Flagg, a native of Vermont and a daughter of Lucius and Elmyra (Chittenden) Flagg, and the great-granddaughter of Thomas Chittenden, the first governor of Vermont, and a grandniece of Martin Chittenden, who was governor of Vermont in 1813 and 1814, and had attained the rank of major-general of militia at only the age of thirty-three. Her parents moved to Pawpaw. Lee County, Ill., when she was three years old, and she was educated there, finishing her schooling at Pawpaw Academy. She taught school for six years in Lee County, prior to her marriage, and was thus  able to assist in directing the course of education in that part of the fast-developing Middle West.

Having added by purchase to some land that he inherited, Mr. Thompson ran a farm of 310 acres, until he sold some eighty acres, after which he still continued to be an extensive stock feeder. He came out to California in 1900, at the very beginning of this century, and once at Santa Ana, and familiar with the superior advantages of the country, he disposed of his Illinois farm for good. Seven days later he purchased a home at Santa Ana, at 303 Orange Avenue, but he sold that in the fall of 1901 and the next spring erected the home at 402 Orange Avenue, in which he has since resided.

Mr. Thompson has a half-interest in SIS acres in Kings County which is leased for grazing. In 1912 with three others he purchased 308 acres west of Orange and the Dawn Land Company was incorporated with Mr. Thompson as president and Harry W. Lewis as secretary. Here they sunk two wells and installed pumping plants, sold seventy-two acres for the site of the present Orange County Farm and Hospital, and forty acres to others. The balance they divided between themselves and unincorporated the company. Mr. Thompson had forty-seven acres, and of this he set twenty acres to oranges and twenty to walnuts and has since sold his orange grove and now owns twenty-seven acres of budded walnuts. Thus he has taken an important part in the development of the county. He belongs to the Santa Ana Walnut Growers Association and his land is irrigated by a private pumping plant owned by a concern incorporated as the Dawn Water Company. It has two wells, one with a capacity of  ISO inches and the other of sixty inches, while a third, designed as a check emergency  well, has been recently finished, but not yet tested.

Mrs. Thompson, who passed away on March 3, 1904, was the mother of five children: Guy A., a graduate of the University of Illinois, later of Harvard College and still later a graduate of the University of Chicago with a Ph.D. degree, was professor of English literature in the University of Maine for the last eighteen years and now professor of English literature at Occidental College; George P., is a builder at Anaheim; Nora B., married Seth F. Van Patten of Los Angeles; Blanche E., is the wife of Walter Vandermast. the clothier, of Santa Ana; Edward H., the fourth in the order of birth died in infancy.

On March 27, 1907, Mr. Thompson married Miss Ida May Garrett, a native of  Iowa, who came to California in 1903. She was born at Brighton, Washington County,  and was the daughter of James W. and Mary C. Garrett, who brought her to the Pacific Coast. Her father lives retired in Santa .Ana, but the mother passed to her eternal reward on September 1, 1918. Mrs. Thompson had received a high school training at Victor, Iowa, and is a bright, companionable lady. Mr. Thompson is well read and this, coupled with a retentive memory and an intellectual alertness, makes him an interesting conversationalist. A Democrat in matters of national political import, he served on the board of city trustees of Santa Ana from 1907 to 1911. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, having served for many years as a trustee, and is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. He was one of the freeholders that framed the charter for Santa Ana, but at the election it was not ratified by the people.

ORVIS U. HULL —A representative and successful citizen of Orange County who has become one of the most enthusiastic "boosters" of this section of the state, is Orvis U. Hull, dealer in real estate, with offices in Orange, and a citrus grower in the immediate vicinity. Mr. Hull was born in Boonesboro, Boone County, Iowa, in 1855, a son of Philip and Sophronia (Holcomb) Hull, natives of. Ohio and Illinois, respectively, who became residents in Boone County, Iowa, as early as 1850, before any railroads had been projected into that state. This worthy couple had nine children, eight of whom are still living and all residents of California, as is Mrs. Hull, now in her eighty-sixth year, hale and hearty and in the possession of all her faculties. Mr. Hull died in Iowa, having lived to see Boone County grow into a modern farming community.

Orvis U. Hull is the only member of the family living in Orange County, whither  he came in 1909, having disposed of most of his holdings at that time to locate here. His boyhood and young manhood were spent in Iowa, attending the common schools of his locality and growing up on the farm of his father at Boonesboro. In 1885 he went to Lincoln County, Kans., entered upon a career of a stockman and farmer when that was a sparsely settled and wild country. As the years passed he became closely identified with the development of the region, saw Lincoln Center grow from a straggling village to a city of fair proportions and was elected its mayor, serving one term. He also took great interest in every forward movement of that section and became well and favorably known, in time acquiring some 2,000 acres of land which he farmed and used as a stock range. He went through some thrilling experiences with others of that part of Kansas—drouth and high winds that destroyed his crops and necessitated his mortgaging his property to "hang on" and try to win out. He became a well driller and operated in Nebraska, where people had money to pay for such work, for several months with success, enabling him to return and once more take up his work in Lincoln County. While living there he served for years as a school director, working hard to maintain a high standard of education.

His mother had come to California in 1905 to visit some of her children who had preceded her, and once in the Golden State she decided to remain, so in order to see her again it was necessary for Orvis to come out here. He came, and like thousands of others, was so thrilled by what he saw that he decided he would dispose of his holdings and locate here permanently. This he did, and he has never entertained one regret of that determination. Here in Orange County he decided to pitch his tent and he bought his first ranch in 1912; this consisted of nineteen and one-half acres of raw land and he at once set to work to make it productive by setting out oranges and lemons, and made of it a fine income property. In 1918 he bought another ranch, located on Fairhaven Avenue, and this bears fruit in abundance. Besides looking after his ranch interests Mr. Hull has been dealing in real estate and has been the means of many settlers locating within the borders of Orange County. In all his transactions he believes in a square deal, backing up his sales with all he possesses and thereby maintaining the confidence of his clients, who advertise his methods to their friends.

Mr. Hull was married in 1881, in Iowa, to Miss Clara R. Mitchell, a native of that state and daughter of Daniel R. and Sarah (Miller) Mitchell, born in Ohio and Indiana, respectively, but who became residents of Polk County, Iowa, in 1865. Of their union six children have been born: Ralph W., is a resident of Orange County and the father of two children; Flora M. has become Mrs. Walter Taylor and is living in Orange at the present writing; she has two children: Grace G., is the wife of Dr.  R. C. Thompson of Chicago; Daniel R., was in the government service for nineteen  months during the World War, is now superintendent of the Western Division of U. S. National Parks, a position that calls for ability and tact. He is the father of one child. Clara R. is Mrs. Harold Girton, and they reside near Orange; Evangeline is the wife of William F. Kroener, former secretary of the Y. M. C. A. at Orange, but now living in Chicago. They also have one child. These children have been given every educational advantage in the reach of their parents and all have won recognition for themselves. A business man of progressive ideas, Mr. Hull holds membership in the Central Lemon Growers, the Villa Park Orchards, and the Santiago Orange associations. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and he and his good wife participate in all civic enterprises for the good of the county, and have an ever-widening circle of friends throughout Orange County who appreciate them for their worth as builders-up of the community.

Mr. Hull has, for many years, taken a firm stand for national prohibition, as was shown in 1918, when the liquor interests held their convention in Fresno, at which  time the convention took such action that every voter in the state would be compelled to support a liquor measure or lose their right of franchise. Mr. Hull, seeing the viciousness of this action, at once started a movement to give to the people of California an opportunity to exercise their rights and privileges. Because of his efforts there was a measure called the "Bone Dry" law placed on the ballots for the people to vote on. No petition had ever been presented to the people for signature that was so eagerly signed as was this "Bone Dry" petition. It was not carried, but it did defeat the most vicious measure ever presented to a people. This was largely due to the indefatigable efforts of Mr. Hull.

JACK McINNES —An enterprising citizen of Orange, whose great success in buying and selling citrus fruit is undoubtedly due to his apprenticeship to mercantile trade in old. but thorough Scotland, is Jack Mclnnes, who began at the bottom of the ladder, long ago, and through years of unremitting industry, worked himself up. He was born at Glasgow on September 5, 1865. the son of Hugh Mclnnes, a native of Scotland, who was a wholesale merchant in Glasgow. Jack was educated in the schools of that city, and under his father was indentured to learn the wholesale dry goods business. Then he went to the great city of London and was a salesman in the wholesale dry goods establishment of George Brettle & Son.

In 1893, Mr. Mclnnes, attracted to America especially on account of the Columbian Exposition at Chicago, came out to "the States," and after visiting the World's Fair, went on to Edgerton, Rock County, Wis., where for a couple of years he was in business with his brother. He found the climate too cold, however, and in 1895 came to California. He was fortunate in having his attention directed at once to Orange County, and in pitching his tent at Santa Ana, where he started in the fruit business with the Ruddick-Trench Fruit Company, beginning there at the bottom, and mastering every detail. In time he became a foreman, then an estimator, then a buyer, and later he was in the employ of other fruit companies. Finally he became manager for the Altleand Fruit Company at Orange, and that position he held for several years, or until he resigned to engage in business for himself.

Since then Mr. Mclnnes has been actively engaged in buying and shipping fruit, and has built up his present large trade. He has an extensive packing house along the Santa Fe tracks, and conducts business as J. Mclnnes, of which he is the sole owner. The packing house is 78 x 282 feet in size, and there are sorted, graded and packed from 500 to 600 car loads of oranges and lemons, which he buys, and sells for cash F. O. B. Mr. Mclnnes has the distinction of being one of the oldest fruit men in Orange County, and has witnessed the transformation of the county in all its various lines of endeavor.

At Los Angeles—where Mr. Mclnnes now resides—he married Mrs. Minnie A. Lyon, a native of Kansas, who has readily adopted the Golden State as her own, and is now, both in loyalty and good works, almost a native daughter.

VOLNEY V. TUBBS —Among sturdy Californians who have added to the great wealth of the Golden State by completing the improvements on more or less raw land is Volney V. Tubbs, the rancher, who resides at Tustin and First streets, in the Tustin district, where he owns and operates a fine farm containing twenty acres devoted chiefly to oranges. This ranch he purchased in 1889, at which time it was only partially improved: so that the present high state of his acreage is largely due to his experience with and knowledge of Coast husbandry, and an untiring industry through which he has made a transformation almost miraculous. He has, among other features of his excellent plant, a modern water system, with a well 220 feet deep, lifting thirty-five inches of water per minute and removing all possibility of danger from a scarcity of water.

Mr. Tubbs was born in Iowa in 1868, the son of Judge L. W. Tubbs, who had married Sibyl J. Wheeler, a native of Michigan. Hailing originally from Connecticut, Judge Tubbs migrated to California in 1849, and for the next three years tried his luck at mining. His health giving way, he went to Hawaii to recuperate; and during that time, his partner leaned out the claim and absconded with the funds. He then returned to Iowa, where he owned 3,600 acres, and became a large producer of stock and grain. He held the office of judge in Mills County, Iowa, for several years, and reared a family worthy of his name. The eldest son, William L. Tubbs, is now deceased; the other children are Mary D., Hattie M., Volney V., Bertha M,, and Ray B. Tubbs, a physician. The only one of the family who resides in Orange County, Volney V,, was reared and educated in his native state, and followed agricultural pursuits all his life. He moved to California after a while, settled in Orange County, and in 1888 located on his present place. He was united in wedlock to Miss Lillian M., daughter of George H. Dixson, in 1890, and of this union four children were born. Eileen is now Mrs. C. L. Cotant; and there are Mabel L., Margery and Dixson, who served in the World War and was commissioned as second lieutenant in the Field Artillery. Mrs. Tubbs, who is a native of Illinois, and an accomplished lady, attends with her husband the Presbyterian Church of Tustin. Mr. Tubbs is a charter member of Santa Ana Lodge No. 794, B. P. O. Elks.

Always prominent in civic endeavor, Mr. Tubbs served as chairman of the board of exemption during the late war, and for fourteen years was on the board of directors of the Santiago Orange Association. In many ways, therefore, Mr. Tubbs has done much to advance the best interests of California, and to assist in developing, as fast as possible and on the most permanent lines, California's most favored section. Orange County.

HON. WALTER EDEN —The dignity and integrity of the California Bar have been maintained by such scholarly practitioners as the Hon. Walter Eden, senior member of the law firm of Eden and Koepsel, who maintain their offices at  411 1/2  North Main Street in Santa Ana. Mr. Eden was born at Sullivan, Moultrie County, Ill., on July 14, 1862, a son of John R. and Roxana (Meeker) Eden. The Hon. John R. Eden was a well-known attorney in Illinois who served for ten years in Congress and ably represented his constituents. He is now deceased, as is his good wife, by whom he had eight children, four of whom are living—three daughters and one son, the subject of this review, who was the fourth in order of birth. One of his sisters is now a resident of Riverside, Cal.

A product of the public schools, Mr. Eden carried his studies further at the Georgetown University at Washington, D. C, after which he studied law in his father's office. In 1889 he was admitted to the Illinois Bar and for ten years, with the exception of three years spent in California, he practiced his profession in his native city. While there he was prominent in politics, served as treasurer of Moultrie County for a term, and for two terms was mayor of Sullivan. It would seem that any man who could become mayor of his own town, where he was born and reared, must be capable of almost any attainment among strangers later. He also belonged to the National Guard of Illinois. The next ten years were spent in Springfield, where he made a specialty of the title business, owning the only abstract of title books in that city, and  making a success of that line of business. From the year 1896, having given up public life and until coming to California, Mr. Eden devoted himself to hard work, and thereby laid the foundation of his financial success.

About thirty years ago Mr. Eden first came to California with his family and located in Fresno, where he had a cousin living, and when that place was but a city in embryo, and he was interested in the Fresno County Abstract Company for the next three years, when he sold out and returned East. In February, 1909, he once again came West and stopped in Fresno for a year, then spent two years in Los Angeles, and in December, 1912, he removed to Santa .Ana, where the scenes of his activities have since been laid.

As a Republican in politics he was elected in November, 1919, to the State .Assembly and one of his important positions was that of chairman of the Committee on Rules. Among the excellent measures proposed by him was the law giving tide lands to Newport Beach, and those outside the corporation to Orange County: he also helped ratify the Prohibition amendment and the Woman's Suffrage amendment. As a resident of Orange County he is always to be found in the van when movements for the public good are in question, and to favor the projects that mean the greatest good for the greatest number of citizens.

At Tacoma, Wash., in June, 1910, Mr. Eden was married to Miss Margaret Fitzgerald, a native of Texas, but reared in California from girlhood. She shares with her esteemed husband the good will of all who know them. By a former marriage Mr. Eden is the father of three children. The oldest is Mrs. Martha Odiorne; the second is John R., a newspaper man who became a major of infantry and saw service in France in the World War and who is now in the publicity department of the Firestone Tire Company of Akron. Ohio; and Walter, former city editor of the Springfield, Ill., State Register, but now with the publicity department of the Firestone Tire Company. Mr. and Mrs. Eden attend the First Methodist Episcopal Church and Mr. Eden is a member of the Lodge, Chapter and Commandery of Masonry in Santa Ana, and the Shrine in Los Angeles, and to the B. P. O. Elks in Santa Ana, in which he is the Esteemed Leading Knight.

HERMAN ENDERLE —When one considers the important part played by irrigation in the development of Southern California, the enviable status of Herman Enderle will be apparent, for he is one of the well-known citizens of his district, honored especially for his mechanical skill and its fruits in the development of water for irrigation. He himself owns a fine, productive ranch of twenty acres devoted to oranges and English walnuts, which he purchased in 1904, and he has been the means of many another rancher making the most possible of his land holdings.

A native of Burlington, Iowa, Mr. Enderle was born on April 25, 1864, the son of William Enderle, a native of Germany, who married Miss Barbara Scharr, also a native of that country. Attracted by the far greater opportunities in the young American Republic, Mr. and Mrs. Enderle came to the United States in 1846, settled in Iowa and bought a farm, where they reared a family of ten children. Nine of them are living, and six are living in California—Clara, Katherine. Frank, Mrs. Rose Shaner of Los Angeles, Matilda and Herman, the subject of this sketch.

Herman was reared and educated in his native state and there learned the machinist's trade, which he followed until a few years ago, while he carried on his ranching through the services of others. He came west to Orange County, Cal., in 1892 in the employ of the Santa Fe, and located in Santa Ana, where he operated, for about six years, a foundry and machine shop. He began the business in a building opposite where the City Hall now stands as Enderle & Tracy, continuing as stated above. He built a residence at the corner of Washington and West streets.

Having purchased his present place in 1904 he set to work to improve it and bring it to its present productive condition. How well he has succeeded is evidenced by the ranch itself, the buildings and premises generally. A truly patriotic citizen, Mr. Enderle is a member of the Fraternal Aid Union, a worthy organization that has accomplished great good.

At Burlington, in 1889, Mr. Enderle was united in marriage to Miss Emma Benham, the daughter of George W. Benham, who was born in Burlington, Vt., and passed away at Tacoma, in February, 1918, while visiting their son, Maurice F. Enderle, when he was in the training camp there. A graduate of Stanford University, he was admitted to the California bar in 1913, and is now practicing law in Los Angeles. When the war broke out he volunteered his services to his country and was sent to the officers' training camp. There he was commissioned first lieutenant and was assigned to Company E, Three Hundred Sixty-second Infantry, and as such served in France in the Ninety-first Division. For four successive days in taking the Argonne Forest he fought with his fellows and was wounded four times, but he still lives to tell the story and to carry the scars as marks of his courage and valor on the field. As a proper recognition, he was promoted to the rank of captain, and as Captain Enderle is known both for his manliness and his modesty.

HON. JOE CHARLES BURKE —From the very beginning of Orange County, when the sagacity, intelligence, common-sense and courage of its political leaders and the rank and file of its citizenry were in immediate and perpetual demand, the Orange County Bar has played an important role in the destinies of a people proud of the state as a whole, but especially enthusiastic about that portion of the great commonwealth more closely associated with the concept of home; in this regard the career of Joe Charles Burke is all the more interesting, for his fame as a level-headed, scholarly attorney was established some years ago; and since then he has come to enjoy more and more of the confidence and patronage of his fellow-citizens.

Joe C. Burke was born at Downey, July 3, 1876, the son of Samuel W. and Lizzie A. (Davies) Burke, natives of Tennessee and Ohio respectively. They came to California in 1875 and in time four children—one son and three daughters—made up the family. The father died in November, 1912, but the mother is still living at Rivera, Cal. The oldest child in the family, Joe C. Burke, attended the local public school and then Woodbury Business College. Having decided to enter the legal profession, he studied law privately in the county clerk's office, and on September 27, 1911, was admitted to the California Bar. From 1907 to 1912, Mr. Burke was deputy county clerk; but from 1912 to 1914, he was city clerk of Santa Ana. On November 3, 1914, he was elected a member of the California State Assembly from the Seventy-sixth District and such was his record that he was re-elected in 1916. During these sessions he served on the committees of Irrigation, Oil Production, Municipal Corporations, County Government and Fish and Game, and in many ways he participated in sessions that have come to be historic. A Republican in national politics, he has always been above blind partisanship when the question was the best man and the best measure.

Mr. Burke has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Ida Wierbach, a native of Illinois, who bore him two sons—Russell A., a graduate of the Whittier high school and now a teller in the First National Bank of Whittier; and Marshall, who attended the Santa Ana high school and is now employed by the Standard Oil Company in their refinery at El Segundo. Mrs. Burke died in April, 1900. On August 1, 1914, he was united in marriage with Miss Amber P. Brackney, a native of Pennsylvania and the daughter of Frank P. and Emma A. Brackney, residents of Santa Ana.

Mr. Burke is a member of the Santa Ana lodge of Masons; the Santa Ana lodge of Odd Fellows and the Encampment at Anaheim; is Past Exalted Ruler of Santa Ana Lodge No. 794, B. P. O. Elks, and District Deputy Grand Exalted Ruler of California South of the Elks and was a delegate to the Grand Lodge of Elks at Chicago in 1920. In all the war drives he was an active participant, served as a four-minute man and a member of the County Council of Defense of Orange County. In all projects for the upbuilding of the county he has always been a supporter and worker and is one of the solid "boosters" of this great state.

HERMAN STERN —A foremost citizen of Orange County, Herman Stern of Anaheim, occupies a distinct position among his fellow-citizens as a progressive, public-spirited and philanthropic man. He was born in Coburg, Germany, June 17, 1870, the son of Marcus and Rosetta (Goodman) Stern, who became the parents of nine children, of whom Herman is the seventh in order of birth. He received the benefit of a high school and college education and lived in his native country until he was twenty-three years of age, when, in 1893, he left to join his brother, Jacob Stern, in the United States, he having settled in Fullerton in 1888. After spending one year in that town, in 1894, they opened a store in Anaheim, conducting business under the name of Stern Brothers until 1908. In that year Herman purchased the interests of his brother, discontinued the various departments with the exception of that devoted to agricultural implements, and this he expanded by judicious advertising in unique manner. To meet the demands of the ranchers in the county he formed the Pacific Farm Implement Company in 1909, and has been very successful in his particular line of business.

To Jacob and Herman Stern must be given the credit for the development of hundreds of acres of arid desert land east of Anaheim, and to his real estate enterprise, more than to his commercial business, perhaps is due his greatest success. The brothers secured land that was practically worthless, extending from Placentia Street east to the foothills, and this they wanted developed, as they could see the future of the little city depended upon making a fertile region out of bare land, thereby drawing to this district those energetic men and w-omen who were the real home-makers. They sold this land on contract to any who would agree to develop it, the initial price being from $25 to $50 per acre, according to location. A very small amount was asked to be paid down upon the signing of the contract, and the balance when the land would produce the necessary products to enable the person to pay up, Mr. Stern even advancing the funds, in many cases, to clear and develop it, also supplying the family with groceries and provisions. In this way were developed hundreds of acres that are now valued at from $3,000 to $5,000 each, and tracts that are the homes of responsible people, all of whom are independent, made so by the increased prices of their land and the wonderful orange groves that now cover the arid region and have drawn a host of home-loving citizens to this part of Orange County.

Herman Stern, being young and vigorous, threw his whole heart into the enterprise with his customary enthusiasm, and has lived to see his dream come true, and the friendships that have resulted from his generosity are of the most lasting kind. Many of the original purchasers are still living on their properties, and accord to Mr. Stern the credit for their success. He has been one of the most public-spirited men of this locality, and has spent his money with a liberal hand to make Anaheim and Orange County a better place in which to live. It was he who named Yorba Linda, his brother and others owning the tract. He started many enterprises that would employ labor and thereby establish a payroll for the energetic. Among these was the Anaheim Cooperative Canning Company, of which he was the first president He was also one of the organizers of the Chamber of Commerce and its first president; also helped to organize the Mother Colony Club, and was the first president there; was instrumental in starting the home for Odd Fellows, also for the B. P. O. Elks, serving as president of the board of the latter. These and many other civic movements have felt the guiding hand of this experienced, though modest, man. Mr. Stern served as a member of the National Guard of California, and was captain of Company E, from 1902 until 1908. During the World War he spent his time in drilling the recruits from this district prior to their being sent to their various training camps. He worked in all the Liberty Loan drives, and as captain of his committee, was the means of taking Anaheim "over the top" in them all; he also served as chairman of the Red Cross and the Salvation Army drives for funds for war purposes, in fact, no citizen was more patriotic than he to assist those at the fighting front.

Herman Stern was married on June 11, 1906, to Miss Marie Nicolas, of Fullerton, and for twelve years she shared with her distinguished husband the esteem and good will of his friends. She passed away on August 17, 1918, mourned by a wide circle of friends. Mr. Stem is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and the Masons in Anaheim. In politics he is a stanch Republican. At all times he is ready and willing to support all measures for the advancement of the interests of the people of the county, and numbers among his warmest friends the best element of the county.

SAMUEL JERNIGAN — Orange County has many popular public officials, but none perhaps enjoys a larger share of the combined esteem and good-will of her experienced and appreciative citizens, than Samuel Jernigan, the able and doughty City Marshal of Santa Ana. A native of Wayne County, Kentucky, he was born at Monticello on November 3, 1876 — a fall period memorable in the annals of our country, as it marked the close of the first century of American progress and the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia, at which Kentucky, among others, had done herself proud.

Mr. Jernigan's father was James Jernigan, a native of Illinois, but a stockman of Monticello who had married Miss Betty Bertram, a native of Kentucky, and the daughter of Rev. Jacob Bertram, a Baptist minister. Samuel was the second child in a family of six. He attended the ordinary public schools of his neighborhood, and after that completed his education in the great school of experience. From boyhood he was active, a live wire that made itself felt and kept others alive: and until his nineteenth year he remained with his father and helped care for the stock.

Leaving home, Mr. Jernigan went to Hill County. Texas, and soon after took to police work, and in that field he continued to advance until he came to California in 1902. He located at Orange and there served as city marshal until 1911. Then he resigned to become under sheriff.

A Republican in national politics, but especially broad gauged on all local issues. Mr. Jernigan was appointed City Marshal of Santa Ana in 1912 to fill the unexpired term of George Wilson: in 1915 he was elected for a four-year term; and in 1919 he was re-elected for another four years, receiving a large majority over two opponents. Mr. Jernigan not only enjoys the respect and confidence of the people at large, but he is well-liked by those working under him, perhaps the surest testimonial to his  real worth. While in Texas in 1899, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Pritchett, by  whom he has had one daughter — Maydell. He is a Mason, a member of the York Rite and a Shriner: and he belongs to Santa Ana Lodge No. 794, B. P. O. Elks.

ROY E. VINCENT — A progressive young business man, who now has the satisfaction of seeing the products of his factory sold all over Southern California, is Roy Everett Vincent, proprietor and manager of the Vincent Manufacturing Company. He was born at Clay Center, Kans., on August 3, 1891, and his father was Emerson E. Vincent, born at Topeka. Kans., president of the California National Bank of Santa Ana. His mother's maiden name was Julia Smith and was a native of London, England, coming to Kansas with her parents at the age of three. Emerson E. Vincent  was a hardware merchant in Clay Center, Kans., and in 1908 he brought his family to Santa Ana engaging in the hardware business until he turned his attention to  banking. He was one of the organizers of the Citizens Commercial and Savings Bank,  which later consolidated with the California National Bank and he was made president of this organization.

Roy E. Vincent, the only child in the family, was educated at the grammar schools,  partly at the Clay County Union high school and then at St. Johns Military Academy at Salina. After this he came to California in 1908 and managed his father's hardware store at Santa Ana for a number of years, and managed it well. Later he bought a  half interest in Dale & Company, manufacturers of well casing, which was soon  incorporated as the Dale-Vincent Manufacturing Company; then they bought out the  well-casing factory of the Crescent Hardware Company and combined it with his present business, and in 1916 he bought out his partner. H. H. Dale. He unincorporated the company and continued the enterprise as the Vincent Manufacturing  Company. The firm specializes in the manufacture of water-well casing in sizes from  four inches to thirty-six inches. The product enjoys such a reputation for excellence  that it reaches all first-class markets everywhere along the southern Coast country  and the San Joaquin Valley as well. The factory is located on East First Street and  the Santa Fe spur. It is equipped with power shears, punches and rolls. Each joint  has to be fitted, as all riveting is done by hand to accomplish perfection. So extensive  is his trade that he employs not less than ten men regularly. Republican party ideals  appeal to Mr. Vincent most, but no one can out-distance him in nonpartisan co-operation.

In Santa Ana on February 5. 1912. Mr. Vincent was married to Miss Ethel  Campbell, daughter of G. D. and Margaret Campbell, a native of Nebraska, and their  happy union has been crowned with the birth of one son, Ronald Emerson. Hunting  and fishing are among the pleasures of which Mr. Vincent is most fond, and when he is  not in the great outdoors, he spends some of his leisure time with the Elks, belonging  to Santa Ana Lodge No. 794. He supports vigorously the Chamber of Commerce  and is a member of the Episcopal Church.

WILLIAM WRIGHT PENMAN — A splendid example of the typically genuine  American, who, despite various ups and downs, has finally triumphed over all obstacles, is afforded by William Wright Penman, senior member of the widely known firm  of William W. Penman and Sons, Orange County's largest individual sugar-beet  growers, who will this year harvest a crop worth, very probably. $120,000. Their farm  lies three miles to the southeast of Tustin. off the State Highway, and is a part of the  famous great Irvine ranch.

Mr. Penman was born in Bloomsburg. Columbia County. Pa., on January 2, 1849,  the son of John Penman, a native of Edinburgh, Scotland. He came to Pennsylvania,  and at Bloomsburg was married to Miss Mary Ann Wright. They had nine children,  six boys and three girls, and William was the oldest. His father was a teacher, and gave instructions in manual training in the night schools. Later, he became an inspector of distilleries, and during the Civil War he served, first in the Pennsylvania  State Militia and then in a Pennsylvania regiment of the Union Army, campaigning  at Roanoke. He rose to be a corporal and was honorably discharged. He was a man  of splendid character — although an inspector of liquors, he was a teetotaler — and was  a thirty-second degree Mason. Two brothers of John Penman had migrated to California in 1862 and were mining in Placer County, so he joined them in 1868.

In 1869 William W. Penman came out to California to join his father, who was  then a partner in the Morning Star Gold Mine at Last Chance, at the head of the  American River in Placer County. He had been apprenticed to a blacksmith and  carriage maker by the name of Andrew Crossley at Bloomsburg. Pa., but when  the latter failed in business it seemed best for the lad to come West and start again.  He arrived in Auburn, Placer County, November 4, 1869, and was, therefore, one of  the first passengers to make use of the new transcontinental service of the Central &  Union Pacific Railroad.

He went into the mines and worked with his father at gold-mining, and finally  became the owner of a third interest in the said "Morning Star" mine, and at Last Chance, in 1873, he was married to Miss Efiie Ann Jansen, a native daughter, born  at El Dorado Canyon, in Placer County, and therefore a member of California's first  generation of native white girls. Her father and mother were pioneers of 1852. In  1880 Mr. Penman sold his interest in the mine, but in the meantime he owned and operated various hotel properties. He had a half interest in the Gold Run Hotel at Gold  Run and a quarter interest in the Independence Hotel on the borders of Independence  Lake in Nevada County.

In the fall of 1882 Mr. Penman came to San Luis Obispo County and bought a  preemption claim of 160 acres on the Huero, five miles east of Paso Robles, engaging  in farming and stock raising. He added to his holdings until he had 360 acres in this  place, and also owned a stock ranch of about 500 acres in Keyes Canyon, north of the  Estrella River. This ranch is still known as the Penman Ranch. After farming in  San Luis Obispo County for thirty years, with varying success, he removed to Orange  County in the autumn of 1912 and settled on the Irvine Ranch — the wisest move he ever made, although it did not at first seem so. He was $6,000 in debt when he came here, but he had thirty head of horses and a full equipment, valued at $12,000, for the cultivation of sugar beets. The very first year proved disastrous, and he lost $6,000 more, but since then they have been more and more successful each year. Now the firm has 625 acres planted to sugar beets and 200 acres to barley and hay; the acreage was mostly all tule land only six years ago, which they cleared and broke up and brought to a high state of cultivation, and they have the largest beet crop in for the Santa Ana Sugar Company. In the operation of the ranch they use the latest improved machinery and methods, using a Holt sixty-five horsepower tractor, as well as a Fordson tractor and a three and a half ton truck, besides twenty head of horses. A switch has been built through the district from the Santa Fe with a beet dump adjoining their place, which saves much time in delivering the beets to the Santa Ana Sugar Factory.

It is to men of Mr. Penman's type that California owes much of its present development and greatness, for with his energy and optimism he has always pressed forward, and, being a man who is never idle, is never satisfied unless he is helping to increase the yield of the soil, thus aiding materially in the progress of the commonwealth. Mr. Penman takes a keep interest in politics, especially in such measures as have their bearing on the development and maintenance of important business interests, and as might be expected, he is a Republican and a protectionist.

Mr. and Mrs. Penman have had nine children and. with four of them, reside on their ranch. Newton, the eldest, who is a partner with his father, married Mrs. L. Wallenberg, nee Hiibbert; Gertrude died three years ago in Nevada County, Cal.; Robert is also a partner with his father; Minnie is a teacher at Orange; Marian has become Mrs. Paulson, and lives in the San Fernando Valley; Lalla became the wife of Julian Gray, a rancher at Lemoore, Kings County, Cal., and passed away; Viola, the seventh in the order of birth, is at home: Lawrence died when he was twenty-six years old; and Leland is at home. The family is members of the Episcopal Church.

ABRAHAM GUSTLIN —A hard-working, highly intelligent man whose desire to escape the frigid East fortunately led to his making for the Pacific Slope and landing in the Golden West, is Abraham Gustlin, now retired and living on the Edgewood Road in Santa Ana. He was born in Batavia, Ill., on April S. 1855. the son of Abraham and Katherine Gustlin, and his father was a railroad man who served his country in the Civil War. When his father returned from the battlefields, he decided that, inasmuch as he was away a good deal of the time railroading, Batavia was not a good place in which to rear a boy, and so Abraham. Jr., was sent to Tipton, Iowa, to grow up on the farm of Mr. Gustlin's sister. Two years thereafter, the father brought his family out to Webster County, Iowa, and began to farm for himself; and when, still later, he removed to Boone County, in that state, our subject joined him and remained at home helping until he was eighteen years of age.

It was then that Abraham left home to work for various railroad companies in the capacity of a boiler maker, serving the Chicago & Northwestern for twenty years, then the Iowa Central at Marshalltown. Iowa, next the Illinois Central and also the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul at Dubuque, Iowa, during which time five years were given to the last three companies. In the fall of 1898, Mr. Gustlin made a flying trip to California, but returned East rather disgusted, instead of charmed, with what he saw here.

Luckily for him, as well as for California, in the autumn of 1900 he and his son made a second trip to the Coast, and this time he spent the winter working at his trade in San Bernardino. The next year he brought the rest of the family to California to enjoy the good things he had discovered, and they took up their residence at Santa Ana. In 1902, Mr. Gustlin returned East and settled his business affairs by selling his estate, preparatory to locating permanently in the Far West.

At first the family lived at the corner of Sixteenth and Main streets in Santa Ana, but Mr. Gustlin sold his holding there, and lived for a while on Lyon Street. Then he removed again to his ranch on Greenleaf Street, where he lived until 1900, when he turned the ranch over to his son, Walter F., and purchased a beautiful home on Edgewood Road. Besides the site of his home, he has an acre of land devoted to walnuts, and there are no better, of the kind, for miles around.

On April 19, 1883, Mr. Gustlin was married to Miss Lovina Feathers, a native of Prairie City, Jasper County, Iowa, the daughter of Otis and Belinda (Record) Feathers, New York farmer folk, born and reared not far from Saratoga, N. Y. They had five sons and ten daughters—six daughters living, five in California. Two children crowned the blessings of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Gustlin. Clarence A., the elder, is a musician highly esteemed in Santa Ana, who studied both in Berlin, and Florence, Italy. Naturally, he profited greatly from the advantages which so long made the German capital one of the greatest centers in the world for musical culture, and he became especially fond of the quieter, more ancient city of Florence, with its innumerable traditions and an atmosphere certain to draw out of one any spark of genius. Mr. Gustlin returned to America and Orange County one of the accomplished musicians of the day. Walter F. Gustlin, the second son, is an experienced, enterprising business man and is now living at the old homestead on Greenleaf Street. He keeps abreast of the times in all that pertains to agriculture, and contributes his share toward the development of the promising Southland. He is the father of a son, Paul Raymond Gustlin.

JOHN LANDELL — A former trusted and efficient public officer, who is making good as a rancher and expert walnut grower, is John Landell, the pioneer, who also is proprietor of the oil and auto-service station near Serra, two and a half miles south of San Juan Capistrano, on the State Highway. This station is just seventy-one miles north of San Diego and sixty-four miles south of Los Angeles, and is so situated that it cannot fail to be more and more in requisition.

He was born at Philadelphia. Pa., the son of James Landell, also of that Quaker city, a manufacturer of engines and boilers. His grandfather was John Landell, a Philadelphian, who was a dealer in lumber there; while his great-grandfather was Captain Landell, sailing master, a seafaring man who was born in England and finally settled in Philadelphia. The maternal ancestors are to be traced back to sturdy emigrants who ventured into wild America with William Penn. Mrs. Landell's maiden name was Sally Moore, and she was born in Philadelphia. Originally, the Landells were French Huguenots, and their name was spelled Landelle.

The oldest in a family of six children, four of whom are living, John Landell was born at Philadelphia on April 2, 1866, and the year before the opening of the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia came west to California with his parents in the fall of 1875. After a very short stay in Los Angeles they located in Anaheim the same fall, while it was still a part of Los Angeles County. John's Grandmother Moore had married a second time, becoming Mrs. Hughes, and resided in Los Angeles, so for some time he lived with her and went to school at Second and Spring streets. After his school days were over he returned to the home ranch and took up farming. His father, after a time, sold his ranch in Anaheim and purchased one in Buena Park, where he resided until his death, after which his widow made her home with her mother, Mrs. Hughes, in Los Angeles until her death. Mrs. Hughes was a very prominent woman in Philadelphia, as well as in Los Angeles. In the former city she was a member of a committee in connection with the Centennial Exposition, and our subject now has a certificate for one share of its stock which she gave him. He had an uncle, John Landell, who was a first sergeant in Company A, One Hundred Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry, in the First Brigade, First Division, Fifth Army Corps, and was a dispatch rider under General Chamberlain. He came to Los Angeles, where he served many years in the fire department, and was also deputy county assessor under Smythe.

For a while he was city marshal of Anaheim, and then, for years he was deputy sheriff of Los Angeles County under Martin Aguirre. When he had been .Anaheim's marshal for five years, he went into the sheriff's office at Santa Ana under Sheriff J. C. Nichols, and he was there for four years.

In San Juan-by-the-Sea, now Serra, April 6, 1898, Mr. Landell was married to Miss Soledad Pryor, a daughter of Pablo Pryor, a large landowner at San Juan Capistrano, and three children blessed their happy union. Charles T. is a graduate of the Santa Ana high school, and now helps his father in business; and there are Gladys J. and John P. Landell.

Mrs. Landell is a daughter of Pablo and Rosa (Avila) Pryor. and was born in Los Angeles. Her grandfather, Nathaniel Pryor, was an eastern gentleman who came out to California in 1828 and became one of the prominent men in the pioneer days of Los Angeles, where he was known as Don Miguel, and owned a ranch inside the limits of the Pueblo. Pablo, or Paul, Pryor owned the Rancho Boca de La Playa (Mouth of the Beach or San Juan-by-the-Sea), an area of 7,000 acres; most of it was sold after his death, but a very small portion of this ranch is still the proud possession of some of his children, and on it are a few pear trees still bearing that are over 100 years old, having been set out by the natives in very early days. Pablo Pryor was also interested in the Palo Verdes Rancho at San Pedro, as well as the old Don Miguel place in Los Angeles. Mrs. Landell is a sister of Albert Pryor, who is also represented in this work. A year after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Landell came to their forty-acre ranch at San Juan-by-the-Sea, where they are engaged in raising walnuts. Mr. Landell is a popular member of the Elks of Santa Ana.

At the auto service station Mr. Landell sells canned goods suitable for lunches, soda water, tobacco and cigars, while he carries a full line of Eastern and Western oils, and the Union Oil Company's gasoline. He also has a large assortment of tires and automobilists' sundries.

Jack Landell, as he is familiarly known by his friends all over Orange County, was justice of the peace in San Juan Capistrano for twelve years, and is a trustee of the school district, and also of the San Juan Capistrano Union high school, in which they have succeeded in voting $65,000 for a new high school building, to be started immediately. He is greatly interested in the cause of education, and as a director he is giving it much of his time and efforts. Mr. and Mrs. Landell thoroughly enjoy their beautiful ranch at San Juan-by-the-Sea.

CHARLES F. MITCHELL — There is something always very interesting in the success of both father and son in practically the same field, and that, perhaps, is what makes Charles F. Mitchell, the dealer in wall paper and paint, a subject of more than passing moment, for his father, John Wesley Mitchell, was long a well-known Santa Ana contractor in wall paper and painting. He was born in Waverly, Ohio, on November 25, 1857, the son of John Morrison and Sarah (Howard) Mitchell, the father passing away in Kansas and the mother in Illinois. To the latter state the family came from Ohio in 1863, and there John Wesley attended school until he was eighteen years of age, when he decided to go in for farming on his own account. Later, for two years he worked a claim he had bought in Kansas, and for four years he was engaged as a  clerk in a store. In 1888 he opened at Santa Ana a painting and paper hanging business, and soon afterward began as a contractor; and still later he opened a store of his own. being the pioneer in that line in Santa Ana. In 1885 he married Miss Sarah Ella Holly, who was born in 1866, the ceremony taking place at Red Cloud, Nebr., and three children were granted the worthy couple, of whom Charles F. was the eldest. John Wesley Mitchell was a firm believer in Orange County, and in many ways demonstrated his faith in its future.

Charles Franklin was born at Salem, in Jewell County, Kans., on November 16, 1886, and came to Santa Ana in January, 1888, the year following the advent here of his father. When his schooling was finished, he engaged in the paint business with his father, and from a modest start he has developed the -largest business of its kind in the county. He does contracting and employs from fifteen to thirty men. Full of public spirit, and deeply interested in Orange County, he is a member of the board of health and thus seeks to serve his fellow-men. In national politics he is a Republican. For three years he served in Company L of the Seventh Regiment, National Guard of California, the first two years as bugler and the last year as corporal.

At Santa Ana on December 24. 1906. Mr. Mitchell was married to Miss Irene Robinson, by whom he has had two children—Veda Irene and Geneva Eleanor. He is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner. belongs to both branches of the Odd Fellows, and is an Elk. Santa Ana is to be congratulated on such a finely stocked establishment, under such experienced and liberal-minded management.

HERMAN J. MACHANDER — Among the many successful ranchers who have found it necessary to abandon one field of industry in order to enter upon the one most profitable and for which they seem destined, is Herman J. Machander, a resident of Santa Clara Avenue, where his flourishing ranch of twelve acres is devoted to citrus fruit. He purchased the land in 1886, when it was set out to vines, but after the discovery that the soil of the vicinity was not well adapted for vineyard purposes, Mr. Machander and all the neighboring ranchers rooted out their vines and set out citrus orchards of Navels and Mediterranean Sweets and apricots instead. After they were bearing he found that more money could be made in Valencias, so reset the whole acreage and now it is a full-bearing Valencia grove. Mr. Machander has found by experience and investigation that Orange County's climatic and soil conditions are the most suitable for Valencias of any citrus section of California. The Machander acreage now presents one of the finest orange groves in California, its yield, in quality and quantity, coming up to his expectations.

It was in 1889, just after the great Southern California "boom" that he took up his residence on the ranch. A believer in cooperation he was one of the organizers of the Santiago Orange Growers Association at Orange. Mr. Machander was born in Frankfort-on-the-Oder, Prussia, on November 15, 1862, the son of Ludwig Machander, a native of Prussia of Scotch parents. At the time of the War of the Revolution, Mr. Machander's grandfather, a native of Dundee, Scotland, whose name was Mackander, was serving in the English Navy, but did not believe in war on the Colonies, so left the English Navy at Danzig and located in Prussia, where he became a citizen and spelled his name with an h instead of a k. Mr. Machander's grandfather, as well as his father, was a farmer. He was also a trusted government employee for several years, and a prominent and influential business man. Mr. Machander's father was united in marriage to Emily Simon, who survives her husband and is now eighty-eight years of age. They are the parents of eight children, five of whom have come to live in the United States, the other three remaining in Germany and are still in the Government service.

Herman J. Machander was reared and educated in his native country and enjoyed many advantages not vouchsafed his neighbors. He emigrated to the United States in 1882 and first located in Morris, Stevens County, Minn., where he resided on a farm for two and a half years. In 1884 he abandoned farming, came to San Francisco, was employed as ship contractor, worked on the Cruiser Charleston, and then took up mining in Amador County, Cal.. later cinnabar mining in Lake County and then went to Arizona, where he mined for several years until his health failed. In 1886 he had purchased raw land on Santa Clara Avenue, Santa Ana, and in 1889 located there.

In Santa Ana in 1890 Mr. Machander was married to Miss Edna R. Moyer, who was born in New York and came to California with her parents in 1887. Two children have blessed the union, Ernest R. and Nelda R. Mr. Machander is a loyal citizen to his adopted country, but is not afraid to tell what he believes to be the truth, and as a deep thinker, fluent speaker and one well versed in ancient European and American history, he is at all times entertaining and instructive. In 1914 he fulfilled a long-felt desire to visit his home, so he left New York in April for Europe, where he found his mother alive and spent about two months there visiting relatives, returning to New York only two days before the assassination of the Austrian Crown Prince. He descended from a long line of Protestants, and he favors the Baptist Church, and under its banners seeks to supplement good civic work and to make this old world the better for having lived in it.

THOMAS M. ROBERTSON.—One of the early ranchers of California who owns a fine grove of interset walnut and apricot trees is Thomas M. Robertson, who was born near Pella, Marion County, Iowa, on November 1, 1853, the son of T. W. and Clarenda Robertson. The latter passed away in Iowa, after which the father, with his three children, in 1856, came west to California.

For a while he farmed in Tulare County, and then in 1869 he came to Gallatin, near the present location of Downey, and there engaged in farming. In 1871 he removed to Delhi and pitched his tent where there is now the beet sugar factory. He bought thirty-five acres there, and raised corn. In 1888, he, too, died.

Thomas had lived with his father at Delhi, aiding him in the farm enterprise, and in 1897 he removed to Texas, where at Midland, in the Panhandle, he engaged for a couple of years in the cattle business. He returned to California, however, as thousands of other folks have done, in 1899, and purchased forty acres near Wintersburg, and there he raised potatoes and celery. For four years he lived at Wintersburg, and when he sold his property there he resided for three years at Santa Ana, where he engaged in the harness business. This, also, was disposed of in time, and then he purchased the ten-acre estate of the late Paul B. Matthews, on North Flower Street.

Mr. Robertson was twice married, his present wife having been Miss Blanche M. Matthews before her marriage, which took place on September 19, 1900. Her parents were Paul B. and Annie M. (Thompson) Matthews, and they were early settlers of Salina, Saline County, Kans. Mrs. Matthews died in 1892, and in 1894 the family moved to Santa Ana, and Mrs. Robertson's father came to acquire the choice property on which they are now living. One daughter and three sons have blessed this union of Mr. and Mrs. Robertson. Goldie Florence, James S. and Gordon Marion are students at the Santa Ana High School, and Boyd Lawrence is a pupil in the grammar school. The family attends the United Presbyterian Church of Santa Ana, and Mr. Robertson prosecutes his national political work under the banners of the Republicans. He is also a member of the Santa Ana Odd Fellows.

BERTRAM C. ROBERTS  — A modest, energetic business man who seeks both to create and to hold his patronage by according to all customers the "squarest" of treatment, is Bertram C. Roberts, whose first-class millinery establishment at 417 North Main Street, Santa Ana, is the Mecca of a large clientele. He was born in Eureka, Humboldt County, on December 1, 1870, the son of Melvin P. and Chastina Roberts, and grew up in an environment of the cattle business, in which field, in Humboldt County, his father was engaged. He was married in Los Angeles on October 28, 1911, to Tena, the daughter of William and Louisa Homan. a popular belle born at Mitchell, Iowa, in March, 1871. Her parents were well-to-do Iowa farm people, who moved to Denver in 1885, where they are now living retired. Miss Homan received her early education in Denver, and there she attended both the graded and the arts schools.

Bertram Roberts left home when he was fourteen to "dig" for himself, equipped with only a district school training, and for several years clerked for the Wells Fargo Express Company. With his wife he came to Santa Ana in August, 1914. and they then and there established a millinery business that has since developed into the finest concern of the kind in Orange County. The store is up to date in every respect. Not only is it not possible in this or other neighboring cities to find a more complete line of fine, approved creations, but the latest word of Paris or New York promptly finds expression here. Much of their success is due to the fact that Mrs. Roberts was an expert milliner with twenty-six years of experience before coming to Santa Ana. She first acquired reputation in Denver, and since then she has had various stores throughout the Middle West and California.

Mr. Roberts is a Republican in national political affairs, but a good community man, devoid of partisanship, when something worth while needs to be done. In such work, as in the various activities of the recent war campaigns at home, Mrs. Roberts gives invaluable assistance.

WILLIAM F. MENTON — In his twelve years of residence at Santa Ana, William F. Menton has taken a distinctive place in the legal circles of this vicinity, and now occupies the position of deputy district attorney, a position he is ably qualified to rill. Mr. Menton is a native of Iowa, a state that has sent so many of her sons to take part in the upbuilding of California. He was born at Boone on September 13, 1874, being the son of John and Johanna (O'Leary) Menton, both of whom are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Menton were the parents of nine children and William was next to the youngest of the family.

William Menton's early education was gained in the public schools of Boone, and after he had completed his courses there, he engaged in newspaper work for several years, working on the Boone County Democrat until he became one of the proprietors as well as its editor.

In 1907 Mr. Menton decided to take up his residence in California and on September 8 of that year he arrived in Santa Ana, finding employment on the Santa Ana Register. Although he had a natural aptitude for journalistic work, his leanings were always toward the legal profession, so he began the study of law, gaining a wide, comprehensive understanding of the subject by reading and studying in private offices. On July 22, 1915, he was admitted to the California Bar. and began the practice of his profession in Santa Ana, and through the steady integrity of his work and his wisdom as a counselor, he has won for himself an honored standing, as is evidenced by his appointment to the office of deputy district attorney on April 1, 1917, a position whose duties he has fulfilled to the satisfaction of everyone.

On October 15, 1918, Mr. Menton was united in marriage with Miss Helena F. Browning, a native of Tonawanda, N. Y. Mr. Menton is a member of the County Bar Association and also of the Santa Ana Lodge of Elks, and in politics he adheres to the platform of the Republican party. Fond of outdoor life, he takes a good part of his recreation in playing golf. While the greater portion of his time and energy is occupied by his legal work, he is always deeply interested in all public-spirited movements that make for the betterment of the community.

BENJAMIN R. FORD — An enterprising, likeable business man of Santa Ana who has readily demonstrated his capacity for success in commercial circles of another city, is Benjamin R. Ford, the cement contractor and road builder of 417 West Seventeenth Street, Santa Ana. He has one of the best equipments for cement road construction obtainable, and takes orders for, or gives estimates upon all kinds of work. He was born at Asheville, N. C, on April 21, 1856, and spent his boyhood there amid the privations of the Civil War period. His father was James M. Ford, captain of Company D. Sixtieth North Carolina Regiment, an old-line Whig who was impressed into the Confederate Army as a lieutenant and was promoted to be a captain: but he forced his way through to the Federal lines (taking his men with him—no small compliment to both them and him) and joining the Northern forces, fought through to the close of the war for the cause of the Union. When the war was over, his father entered the Government revenue service, and after twenty-five years, under the Federal Government. died at his home in North Carolina. Mrs. Ford was Sarah Ward before her marriage, a granddaughter of General Ballew of North Carolina and Revolutionary fame; and she died in North Carolina, the mother of eight children, among whom our subject was the eldest.

With his wife and children, Benjamin R. Ford migrated west to Washington Territory in 1885, buying and selling wool; and coming to Pasadena in 1906, he remained there and engaged in the hardware business on North Lake Avenue. In 1875 he had been married at Greenville to Miss Ella Norton of South Carolina, and they became parents of five children. Etta is married and resides in Oregon; Vernon died in infancy; and E. H., M. M. and C. M. Ford are in Oregon. Mrs. Ford died at Redondo in 1916. Mr. Ford married a second lime, choosing for his wife Mrs. Matilda C. Boebinger, nee Stewart, of Cincinnati, Ohio.

It is only recently that Mr. Ford has taken up cement-work contracting and the building of roads, but he is doing very well in the new field. He has just completed the Magnolia Avenue Road at Buena Park, in Orange County, and also one and three-quarters miles of road for the county at Los Alamitos, both stretches being concrete; and he has recently built one and seven-tenths miles of road at Garden Grove Avenue, Bixby Hill and Ross Street in Santa Ana, county contracts. Besides these he has completed four other contracts for county and city roads. One is on Seventeenth Street, Santa Ana; another on Collins Avenue, Orange; a third, the highway or county road at Olinda; and the fourth at Orangethorpe, from the highway on, west to Placentia Avenue, on the east. These 2.7 miles cost $65,000, and the county furnishes the materials; from which the reader may see what Orange County is at present doing to contribute her share of that unsurpassed chain of public highways which long ago made California a world-paradise for the tourist.

What makes Mr. Ford as a successful man of business and industrial enterprise of especial interest is his academic preparation and professional career. He was educated in North Carolina at the Peabody School and the State School at Chapel Hill, from which he was graduated with the class of 76, and later pursued both law and medical courses, and was duly graduated. He also practiced medicine successfully in both Kansas and Colorado. It is not surprising, therefore, that he should have been intimately associated with many persons of note, including his particular friend, Z. B. Vance, once governor of and senator from North Carolina.

JOHN H. HARMS — A young apothecary who has succeeded so well that he has one of the finest-equipped drug stores in Orange County, is John H. Harms, who was born near Lynn, Kans., on January 18, 1889. His parents are John P. and Rosina Harms, and they are now honored residents of Orange.

He commenced to receive his education in the grammar schools of Orange, after which he was graduated from the Orange County Business College; and having decided to study pharmacy, he took a night-school course and also served as an apprentice under K. E. Watson of Orange. He also remained in that well-known pharmacy until November, 1917, when he purchased the business and good will of the Orange Drug Company, now known as the Harms Drug Company, at present doing one of the largest volumes of trade of any similar house in the county. He uses only the most scientific, up-to-date methods and apparatus, and carries only the purest and freshest stock in all departments.

On March 7, 1918, Mr. Harms was married to Miss Nettie E. Pogue, a daughter of the late Mrs. Viola Pogue of Glendale, a charming and gifted young lady who came to Los Angeles in 1908 with her widowed mother. She received her early education in the usual graded schools, and took up the study of music under the instruction of Professor Andres of Santa Ana, becoming an artist on the piano. On account of her natural gifts and her willingness to use her talent for the benefit of worthy causes, she became widely known, and as a musician is today one of the local favorites. Mr. Harms belongs to the German Lutheran Church, while Mrs. Harms is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a stand-pat Republican, an ardent American, and took an active part in all of the Liberty Loan drives.

MARTIN H. SHIELDS — A resident of Santa Ana who had attained prosperity, both as a farmer and as a business man, and who has, besides, the satisfaction of having reared a large family, is Martin H. Shields, who was born near Sedalia, Pettis County, Mo., on January 3, 1864, the son of Edward and Sarah Shields. The father, a native Ohian, was brought up a farmer and moved to Missouri in 1860. Five years later he moved back to Ohio and there, in Susquehanna County, he again farmed. He stayed a couple of years and then moved on to Benton County, Mo. He died when Martin was two and a half years old, whereupon his mother married John Wesley Dick, and our subject was reared by his stepfather.

He attended a grade school in Benton County, and afterward went to the State Normal School at Warrensburg, Mo., where he studied for a couple of years. For the next two years he was employed as a clerk in the large establishment of Blair Brothers, dealers in clothing at Sedalia, and for the first time came to California in 1884, settling in Mono County. He purchased an alfalfa ranch of 240 acres, situated at an elevation of 5,000 feet above the level of the sea, and raised cattle, hogs and horses. It was a cold country in winter, and he had two cuttings a year from the alfalfa grown there. The ranch was located in Antelope Valley and at first his trading center was Carson City; but this was later changed to Minion, Nev.

On April 11, 1887. Mr. Shields was married to Miss Florence Warfield Crapster. who was born near Florence. Md., the daughter of William and Ellen A. Crapster. Her father was a graduate of Yale, Harvard, and a theological college at Gettysburg, and he taught for a while in Yale College. Afterward he established a school of his own at Lisbon, Md., at which place he died in later years. Mr. and Mrs. Shields had a dairy of more than thirty milk cows of the Holstein strain on their Mono County ranch, and they bred and raised their own stock.

In 1911 Mr. Shields sold out and removed to Santa Ana, and here he purchased twenty acres of open land on Irvine Boulevard, which he sold in the short period of a year. In 1919 he bought what was known as the William F. Lutz home, and this is only one of many pieces of land and property which he has owned since coming to California. He has a full-bearing orchard of twenty acres of oranges in Villa Park to which he gives part of his attention.

Five boys and four girls have blessed this fortunate marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Shields: Raymond C. is at home, working on the ranch; Lela F. is also at home; Cecil R. is serving in the Navy at Guam; Hazel V. is deputy auditor for Orange County; Sylvia S. is employed by the Southern California Edison Company; Gladys C. is at Woolworth's in Santa Ana; Ivory T. is a high school student in the same town; Dallasy—whose name was made up from the last letter of the first name of each of the older brothers and sisters—is a pupil in the intermediate schools; and Martin, Jr., is in the grammar school.

Cecil R. Shields volunteered for service at Santa Ana, and was enlisted at Los Angeles on June 5, 1917. He trained at Goat and Mare Islands, and entered as ship yeoman, but was transferred as an electrician to the S. S. "Illinois," at Norfolk, Va. Again he was transferred to Philadelphia, and from there he sailed for Brest, France. He did convoy duty in the English Channel and returned to the United States on December 30, 1918, landing at Hampton Roads. He was then sent to the submarine base at New London, was transferred to Newport News, and still later sent to the Island of Guam, where he is at present.

Mr. Shields is a Mason and also an Elk, in affiliation with the lodges at Santa Ana; he is a Republican in matters of national politics, and his family are active participators in the work of the United Presbyterian Church of Santa Ana.

HENRY SEIDEL — An example of the perseverance and determination to succeed which overcomes every difficulty is found in the life of Henry Seidel of Santa Ana, who, by his own unaided efforts, has made a success in his line of business. He was born in New York City on March 1. 1884, the son of Frank and Anna (Tine) Seidel, the father being a shoemaker in the early days. In 1893, when Henry was nine years of age, the family came to California, locating at Monrovia, and in 1894 coming to Santa Ana. Here the father died, leaving a family of six small children. Henry attended the public school of Santa Ana, but his education was cut short by his father's death, as being' the eldest of the family, when he was only twelve years of age he had to go to work, and with the help of one of his brothers he supported the family. In fact, he had already begun to look out for himself when he was a small lad in New York, having sold papers on the streets of that city.

From this time up until the year 1898 Mr. Seidel was engaged in various occupations, spending some time in ranching, working two years on a celery farm and for some time laying sewer pipe. At this time, because of an unusually rainy season, making outdoor work difficult, he entered the butcher business, working under Theodore Kling. For the first six months he received $3.50 a week and after that $4.00 a week for a few months and then gradually more wages, and here he continued for five years, learning all the details of the business at first hand. It was in 1905 that he then determined to go into business for himself, and with but little except indomitable pluck and the determination to succeed he made the venture, starting in a little ten-foot room with a capital of only $7.20. His integrity and strict attention to business have won for him a well-deserved and unqualified success, and he has just completed one of the finest and most modern markets in Orange County. He employs eight people and has the largest business in this line in the city. In addition Mr. Seidel owns a market, just as well appointed, in Balboa, where he has the largest business in that seaside resort. He can well claim the title of the pioneer butcher, for there is no other in his line of business here now that was here when he started his shop.

Politically Mr. Seidel is a Republican and in his fraternal relations he is a member of the Elks and Odd Fellows. He has also been a member of the National Guard of California. Especially fond of outdoor life. Mr. Seidel finds his most enjoyable recreation in hunting, fishing, and particularly in trapshooting . He is an enthusiastic believer in the future of Orange County and is ever ready to aid in any movement that makes for its progress.

WALTER A. SUTTON — A progressive, practical and scientifically disposed rancher sure to attain to such results as will mark some real progress in local agriculture, is Walter A. Sutton, of North Flower Street, West Orange, who was born there, a native son proud of his association with the Golden State, in the old Sutton home on what was called the County Road, on September 19, 1886. His father was James V. Sutton, a native of Adair County, Mo., where he was born on March 18, 1848. When he was nineteen years old he moved to Nebraska with his parents, and for two years lived in Plattsmouth, Cass County, after which they migrated to Collins County, Texas, where they farmed. In May, 1869, he was married at Anna, Collins County, in that same state, to Miss Elizabeth C. Talkington. a Kansas girl, and three years later, or in 1872, he came west to California and at Orange built the fourth house in the town east of the Santa Ana River. In 1875 he returned to Texas and there farmed for the following seven years, when he returned to Orange and purchased a sixteen-acre ranch, setting out the entire acreage to walnuts. This ranch, of exceptionally rich soil, is under the service of the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company. Some years ago he leased the farm to his son Walter, and now lives in Orange. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Sutton. .Mice C, the eldest, is Mrs. Walton of Orange; Victor is a telegrapher near Sacramento; Herbert is employed in the pipe organ factory at Van Nuys; Walter is the subject of our sketch; and Sadie, Mrs. Ritter, lives at the home of her parents.

Walter Sutton was educated in the Orange schools and then served his apprenticeship in mechanics under Ben Davis at Orange, after which he worked for Messrs. Kolberg and Gardner in the Orange Buick works. On the last day of the year in 1912 he was married to Miss Maude Belt, the ceremony taking place at Garden Grove. She was a native daughter, also, having first seen the light at Westminster, and her parents, who came to California fifty years ago, were James and Susan (Brown) Belt. She attended the common schools of Garden Grove, and later graduated from the Santa Ana high school. After their marriage, Mr. Sutton lived at Santa Ana for five years, when he was with Kolberg and Kenyon, and then he spent a year with Charles Davis in his garage.

The next five years were given to the Studebaker Garage, under Mr. Lutz, and it was in 1918, while he was unloading a car of autos, that he had his back broken, the result of an auto falling and pinning him down. Everything possible was naturally done for him after the accident, and he was nursed back to health through scientific and loving care at the home of Mrs. Belt, in Garden Grove.

Since his miraculous recovery Mr. Sutton, who had been such a skilled mechanic from 1904 to 1918, has lived on the old Sutton ranch, where he has built for himself a home. Ten acres are in his father's title; three and a half in his own; while another two and a half belong to his brother, Victor W. Sutton, but Walter has the care of the entire ranch. He has there a pumping plant with a capacity of forty inches; and with the exception of three and a half acres, which are set out to Valencias, all the ranch is in walnuts. He is a member of the Orange Walnut Growers Association, and takes a keen interest in its problems.

Two children were granted Mr. and Mrs. Sutton, but one, Susan Aileen, passed to the spirit land when she was seventeen months old. The other, Fae Lanaire, is now a promising youngster in her second year. Mr. Sutton gives some attention to the great game of politics, but believes in nonpartisan support of the best men and the best measures.

CHARLES W. McKEEN — A modest, unassuming, but talented gentleman, now a successful walnut grower at San Juan Capistrano, whose family history is associated with interesting chapters in American annals, and who was himself connected with the development of other parts of the Golden State, is Charles W. McKeen, who lives about two miles east of the town on the Hot Springs Road. He was born at Litchfield, Meeker County. Minn., on June 16, 1867, the son of John W. McKeen, a native of Portland, Maine. His grandfather, John V. McKeen, was a ship carpenter in that famous port, and as John W. grew up, he learned ship carpentering. Mrs. Hannah E. McKeen, the mother of our subject, is still living, on Birch Street in Santa Ana, aged seventy-four years. A brother of Charles, Roy A. McKeen, is agent for Orange County for the Savage Automobile Tire Company with headquarters in Anaheim.

Charles W. grew to maturity at Litchfield, and when fourteen, went with his father to Dayton, Ohio, where the latter worked as a millwright. The young man stayed with his father and learned the trade thoroughly. He made Dayton, Ohio, and Indianapolis his headquarters for several years during which time he helped build numerous flour mills, from Texas to Canada. Clever at drafting, he drew up plans for many of the most noted mills on this continent. This fact may be readily understood when it is known that Mr. McKeen, as one of the foremost mill builders in America, constructed the "A." "B" and "C" mills for the Washburn-Crosby Company  at Minneapolis, the Pillsbury "A" Mill at Minneapolis, and the "Palisade," the "Cascade" and "Cataract" at the same place. He also put up the mills for the American Mill Company at Nashville, Tenn., the George C. Urban Mill Company at Buffalo, the Dallas Milling Company at Dallas, Texas, and the Imperial Mill at Duluth.

In 1894, Mr. McKeen came to California and settled at Bolsa. and there he embarked in the celery business, owning 127"i acres of peat lands. About 1908, he went to Garden Grove, and there he bought forty acres of walnut orchard. His next move was to San Juan Capistrano, where he expects to remain—for some time to come.

At Santa Ana Mr. McKeen was married to Mrs. Annie A. Davis, and so became stepfather to her one son, Paul O. Davis, a well-known architect of Los Angeles. Mr. and Mrs. McKeen take a live interest in all that bids fair to develop Orange County permanently and along the best lines; and they are ever ready to "lend a hand" when hard work needs to be done or funds subscribed.

CONRAD OERTLY — Among the many good citizens of foreign birth Conrad Oertly, who resides on Euclid Avenue, Garden Grove, is worthy of note. A native of the canton of Appenzell, Switzerland, he was born November 25, 1858, the son of Conrad Oertly, a dealer in lumber, who was born, lived, married and died in his native country, Switzerland. Mr. Oertly's mother was also a native of Switzerland, and before her marriage was Miss Anna Encler.

Conrad Oertly's life was spent in his native country until the age of twenty-two, and there he learned the trade of carpenter, afterwards traveling as a journeyman carpenter. He was a resident of Paris, France, one year, then, in 1882, came to America, locating in the Mohawk Valley, at Little Falls, New York, where he remained three years working at his trade. He also worked in Utica and Buffalo. going thence to Covington. Ky.. where he was united in marriage with Miss Elisa Wiedmer, whom he first met in Little Falls. New York. She also is a native of Switzerland, and was born in the canton of Berne, at Dientigen, the daughter of Jacob Wiedmer, a stockman, and her mother was in maidenhood Magdalena Werren. When twenty years old, in 1882, just three months later, and upon the same ship, the "La France," in which Mr. Oertly crossed the ocean, she joined an older sister in New York. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Oertly removed to Lexington. Ky.. where he worked at carpentering four years, and there two of their children were born.

In 1889, Mr. Oertly took his family on a trip to their old home in Switzerland, remaining two and a half years, although they did not intend to make so long a visit. While there Mrs. Oertly was injured in an accident, which prolonged their stay. Returning to America, they came at once to California and settled in Los Angeles in March, 1892, and there Mr. Oertly was employed at his trade for two years; afterwards he worked in the dairy business for two years, then engaged in the dairy business on his own account for three years. Having been successful in this business, he purchased nine acres of land at the corner of Figueroa and Forty-eighth streets, Los Angeles, and remained in that city until 1906, when he removed to Garden Grove and purchased a twenty-acre piece of property which he improved into an orange and lemon grove, and afterward sold to his son.

Mr. and Mrs. Oertly are the parents of four children, Soule C. who is mentioned on another page in this work; Bertha, the wife of J. G. Allen: Bernhard, who died at Nobleford. Alberta, of the influenza, when it raged so relentlessly throughout the country in 1918. and George M., who is in the fuel and feed business at Long Beach, Cal., and who was also at Nobleford, Alberta, from which place he entered the U. S. service and trained at Camp Lewis, then went to the aero squadron at Kelly Field, San Antonio, Texas. From there he went to Pittsburgh. Pa., where he attended the Carnegie school for quick repairing of airplanes; returning thence to Kelly Field he entered the chemical department, and in time was promoted to the head of the department. It was his duty to analyze the lubricating oils and gasoline and O. K. all the purchases of oils; he stood in line for promotion to a lieutenancy when the armistice was signed. He is a well-known football star.

Mr. Oertly has a clear brain, is an interesting talker and a loyal American. Of friendly disposition, warm hearted and genial, he has led an active, moral and useful life, and given his children excellent educational advantages. Gifted and successful, they stand among the most prominent people in the county, and they, as well as their parents, take an active interest in the betterment of the community in every possible way. In their religious convictions Mr. and Mrs. Oertly are members of the Baptist Church at Garden Grove, where Mrs. Oertly is active in Sunday School work.

HANS GATJENS — The popular proprietor of the Orange County Soda Works at Anaheim, Hans Gatjens, is a native of Schleswig-Holstein, where he first saw the light of day July 21, 1872. At the early age of sixteen he migrated to America and located first in Iowa, working on farms in Scott and Benton counties for five years. In 1893, attracted by the greater opportunities on the Pacific Coast, he came to California, where he chose Orange County as the scene of his future operations. At first he found employment on a sugar-beet ranch. Being very thrifty and industrious, he saved his money and by 1904 he was able to lease 120 acres of land, upon which he raised sugar beets and successfully continued in this business up to 1912.

In 1913,  Mr. Gatjens returned to the scenes of his boyhood days in Germany and after a pleasant visit he returned to Orange County, where he entered the employ of the Orange County Soda Works, which was then located at Anaheim. Being a man of enterprise and initiative he soon gained a thorough knowledge of the soda business and in 1918 purchased the works and later erected a plant at 400 South Claudina Street. He has installed new machinery and otherwise improved the plant so that it is up to date in every way and capable of handling his large and increasing business, which now extends all over the county. At present he makes twenty different kinds of soft drinks, his orange flavor being especially popular. He uses two auto trucks in his business.

During his first trip to his native land, in 1902, Mr. Gatjens was united in marriage with Johanna Gatjens, a native of the same district in Germany where Hans was born, although not a relative. Mr. and Mrs. Gatjens are the parents of three children, all born in California, Hattie, Effie and Harry. Hans Gatjens is recognized as a self-made man. of which honor he is justly proud. He is a member of the Concordia Society of Anaheim,

W. LESTER TUBBS — An interesting representative of one of the worthiest pioneer families of California, members of which have frequently been identified with the really stirring and epoch-making events in the annals of the Golden State, is W. Lester Tubbs. who was born at Emerson, Iowa, on July 10, 1894, the son of William L. Tubbs, a native of Flowerfield, Mich. His father was Judge Lewis W. Tubbs, who came to California with an ox-team in 1849. leaving Iowa on March 1 as captain of a train which took six months to get across the desert and mountains. He was a native of New York, where he was born in 1829, and brought with him from the Empire State some of that natural spirit of leadership which led his fellow-citizens to send him as a delegate to the first California legislature after California's admission to the Union. Later he made many trips back and forth between the Coast and the Middle West. He married a daughter of William Wheeler, of Michigan, who became colonel of a regiment of volunteers that served the cause of the North in the Civil War. William L.. Tubbs married Miss Alice N. Tomblin, and coming to California in 1901, they lived on a small ranch in Tustin for the first seven months, after which they moved into Santa Ana, and Mr. Tubbs became one of the most active organizers of the Santa Ana community. He was the first to be exalted in Lodge No. 794 of the Santa Ana Elks, and was a Mason and a Shriner. When he passed away, on July 11, 1911, his going was mourned by a large circle of devoted friends.

W. Lester Tubbs attended the grade schools of Santa Ana, and afterward went to the Shattuck Military School at Faribault, Minn., from which he was graduated in 1912. He had attained the captaincy of Company C, and was presented with a beautiful silver loving cup by his fellows in the company.

His first venture in business was with the Security Trust and Savings Bank of Los Angeles, where he remained for three and a half years, traveling back and forth each day between Santa Ana and Los Angeles. He was in the loan department of that fine institution, and there demonstrated his capability in caring for the insurance. On February 15, 1917, he became teller in the Orange County Trust and Savings Bank of Santa Ana.

When the recent war broke out, Mr. Tubbs went to San Francisco and took the officer's examination, and on April 9, 1917, was recommended for a commission; but he was later held back on account of being under weight. On November 2, 1917, he was finally admitted to the service, and served at Camp Lewis in the Ninety-first Division, in. the enlisted men's ranks. In August, 1915, he was commissioned second lieutenant and was held as instructor in the Thirteenth Division at Camp Lewis. On December 3, 1918, he was honorably discharged. He is treasurer of Santa Ana Post, No. 131, of the American Legion. On his return to civilian life, Mr. Tubbs resumed his position with the Orange County Trust and Savings Bank. On June 1, 1919, he accepted the responsibility of representing the Auto Club of Orange County as office manager at Santa Ana.

On July 5, 1919, Mr. Tubbs was married to Miss Dorothy L. Hendrie, daughter of I. R. and Alice (Dakan) Hendrie of Santa Ana. She began her education in the public schools of Long Beach and continued her studies at the Santa Ana high school, and received private instruction in music and the drama. During the recent war, Mrs. Tubbs served as a nurse in the Good Samaritan Hospital at Los Angeles, disengaging herself there from when hostilities ceased on November 11, 1918. Mr. Tubbs is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and a life member of the Elks, and few if any enjoy a more deserved popularity.

JAMES ALLAN KNAPP — A Californian of more than ordinary interest, both on account of his personality and his varied life story, is J. A. Knapp, one of the foremost citizens of Garden Grove, and popularly spoken of as the "Chili King." His face and figure have become familiar to many non-residents who have attended the afternoon lectures by D. VV. McDaniel, the capable representative of Orange County at the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce.

Mr. Knapp was born seventy miles north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and ten miles northwest of Barrie, the county seat of Simcoe County, on his father's farm of 100 acres, on December 23, 1879, the third child and the second son of Peter B. Knapp, who had married Christina M. Livingston. Peter Knapp was of Scotch origin, and belonged to the loyal Tory stock in Pennsylvania, who returned to British soil, that is, removed to Canada, at the outbreak of the Revolutionary War. He was reared at Kingston, Ont., and became a farmer, and he died on January 6, 1903, aged fifty-two years, in California, to which milder region he had come for his health in 1898, with his eldest son, George Knapp. He had stopped first at Weiser, Idaho, from June until September, 1898, and from there he came to Anaheim, where he remained until March, 1899, when he went back to Canada, leaving his son here. He straightened out his affairs and returned to Anaheim, and there bought land, and made many friends; so that today he is favorably remembered in the neighborhood of his demise. 

Seven children blessed the union of Peter and Christina Knapp. George was the eldest and died at the age of twenty-six, at Anaheim; May is the wife of George W. Dorr, the chief clerk of the U. S. Railway Mail Service running out of Los Angeles to El Paso, Texas, and resides at 235 East Adams Street, Eagle Rock; James Allan is the subject of this review: Annie died at the age of twenty; Rachel J. is the wife of E. M. Christensen, a farmer and cement contractor, living two miles northeast of Garden Grove, and Elmer C. and Robert L. are both single and live with their mother on the original Knapp farm of fifty acres, purchased in February, 1900, and now planted to oranges.

James A. was twenty years old when he came to Garden Grove. He had attended the public schools at Minesing, Canada, and the Collegiate Institute at Barrie, and so was well equipped for a successful tussle with the world. On his arrival in California, he lost no time iii going to work as a farm hand on an orange ranch at eighteen dollars a month. At the end of the month, however, he quit to try his hand at walnut culture, and for three-quarters of a year he was on a walnut ranch. Then he went to work on the home ranch, where he remained until he was thirty years of age. While working at the walnut grove, he watched his neighbor grow a two and a half acre patch of Chili peppers, for canning, and since these were the first of that edible he had ever seen, the process interested him not a little. His father had thirty acres of idle land, and Mr. Knapp soon conceived the idea of utilizing it for pepper growing. The following year, therefore, he and his father put in eight acres, with good results, netting them about $200 an acre, and the second year they planted fifteen acres, and each year planted more and more, until now Mr. Knapp has 1,000 acres of peppers, leased land, all of which he supervises himself. The peppers are grown on contract, and he uses Mexican, Jap and white labor. In busy harvest seasons he employs about 500 people. He owns the largest chili warehouse in Garden Grove, and Garden Grove is the largest and most important initial Chili pepper market in the United States, if not in the world.

The varieties of peppers grown from seeds of Mr. Knapp's own raising are as follows: The Mexican type, Chili pod (parent stock being imported from Old Mexico), this type being first grown by Mr. Knapp in 1907, and his first crop was sold at St. Louis in the same year; the California long red pod Chili, which is native: the Pimiento, or sweet peppers, the seeds of which were imported from Spain in 1910, and brought over by various canning companies.

Mr. Knapp and his father built at Anaheim, in 1901. the first evaporator in Orange County used for drying peppers artificially, and now he has a number of drying houses. one plant containing eight separate buildings, or units. He has devised a type of evaporator, which has been very generally adopted by all the rest of the growers. The pepper contains at least ninety per cent of water, which is more than that generally found in vegetables, and this renders it necessary to have a special form of dryer. In 1915 natural gas fuel for generating the necessary heat for the evaporators was adopted in place of oil. and this was an important step forward.

Mr. Knapp's chili warehouse is a large frame structure, 40 x 100 feet, situated on the right of way of the Pacific Electric Railway, and was built by him in 1917. He works up his own markets for chili peppers, and has done so from the start. He does his own selling, and ships direct to his many customers in car load lots. The Latin races of California, New Mexico. Arizona and Texas were the first to use chili peppers, but his trade now includes the Mississippi Valley, and is traveling rapidly both East and North. In 1919 he even invaded New York City with a car load of that year's crop, and this shows how. under such splendid leadership as that of this captain of industry, the pepper market has been expanded.

In 1910 Mr. Knapp became interested in some other business affairs in Garden Grove. The previous year he had helped to organize the Garden Grove State Bank, when he became its first vice-president, and later its president, and this solid institution has now become the First National Bank. In 1916 he was elected president of the Garden Grove State Bank, and he is still a stockholder.

Seventy acres of land belonging to Mr. Knapp are given up to Valencia oranges, and he also grows beans. He helped to organize the Garden Grove Bean Growers Association in 1915. and has served as the president ever since. In 1914 he helped to organize the Garden Grove City Water Company, a private enterprise, of which he is both president and manager.

On December 19. 1911, Mr. Knapp was married to Miss Nina Frances Richardson, of Sibley, Iowa, where she was born and reared, the daughter of Robert and Catherine (Bremmer) Richardson, both of whom are still living in that place, where the father is a meat packer. She was educated at the Sibley high school and the State Teachers College, at Cedar Falls, Iowa, and coming to California, taught in the Garden Grove schools. They have one child, Dorothy Mae. and have lived at Garden Grove since their marriage. They belong to the Baptist Church of Garden Grove, and Mr. Knapp was on the committee which had charge of the erection of the fine edifice, which seats 300 people, and was remodeled in 1914. He is now chairman of the church board of trustees, and was also superintendent of the Sunday school for several years, resigning in 1917. Mrs. Knapp is a teacher in the Sunday school, and is an officer in the missionary society. Mr. Knapp is a Republican in national politics, and both he and Mrs. Knapp were participants in all the various war activities. He was made a Mason in the Anaheim Lodge. F. & A. M.. in 1907, and is still a member there, being a past master.

FRED K. GRESSWELL — The leader in his line of work, that of sign painting, window lettering, and the making of glass and metal signs, Fred K. Gresswell of Anaheim is noted for the excellence of his work and its artistic qualities. A native of England. Mr. Gresswell was born at Grimsby on October 9. 1855. but for many years he has been a loyal citizen of the United States, having taken out his final papers on November 4. 1898. He received his education in private schools and the Methodist College of his native land. In England, in those days, the training of the trades was very thorough, and Mr. Gresswell served as an apprentice at the painter's trade for seven years, and for one year as an "improver" which is slightly higher than an apprentice, and with advanced wages. In those days the colors for paints were ground with a muller and stone and the oil was taken from the cake mill and boiled. This work was done in the winter, preparatory for the summer season, and Mr. Gresswell did a great deal of this primitive paint making and this thorough grounding in all the details of his work has added greatly to his proficiency.

In 1879 Mr. Gresswell came to the United States, locating in Chicago, where he followed his trade for some time. He went back to England, but returned to Chicago, later coming west. He arrived in California in 1903, engaging in his line of work at Los Angeles and Long Beach until 1907, when he came to Anaheim. Here he established himself as a painting contractor, continuing in this until he took up his present work of sign painting, window lettering and glass and metal sign making, and in this work he has been most successful. He makes a specialty of gold lettering on glass and has done all the work of this kind on the First National Bank Building, the Anaheim National Bank Building and the Golden State Bank Building, and part of the work on the First National Bank Building of Fullerton and the First National Building of Victorville. He also does all the lettering for the city of Anaheim. For a number of years he has had the decorating contract for the Orange Show held in San Bernardino each season. One of the most enthusiastic boosters Anaheim has ever had. even during his vacation he carries his paint pot with him. and on rocks, fences and buildings paints the number of miles from Anaheim, which has proved very convenient and helpful, especially to strangers driving through this part of the country. In addition to his own line of work, Mr. Gresswell has also been interested in a number of real estate operations. He sold the land on which the Anaheim Sugar Factory is located for the owner, W. F. Patt of Los Angeles. He owned twenty-four lots next to the site, on which he established a Mexican colony, thus segregating them from the city proper, and at one time there were 300 Mexicans living there. He has also dealt in other Anaheim property and erected two houses.

During the war Mr. Gresswell was very active in the Liberty Loan drives, helping Anaheim go over the top. He designed the Statue of Liberty used in the Third Liberty Loan and painted the signs for the Fourth Loan which were placed in the public square. Both the above were fine and artistic in their concept and attracted much attention. For his work in the Victory Loan, he received a medal from the United States Government. He has always been prominent in the work of the Chamber of Commerce, being a director and chairman of the advertising committee and of the exhibits. He designed the exhibit now being used in the Board of Trade rooms.

In his early days in England, Mr. Gresswell was much interested in natural history, being a member of the Naturalist Society of Grimsby, and the curator for five years of the Marine Fisheries of England. In 1882 the latter was taken over by the English government. Fraternally, he is a member of the Anaheim Lodge, No. 134S, B. P. O. Elks.

While still living in England, Mr. Gresswell was married to Rebecca Reed, a native of that country, who passed away in Los Angeles. She was the mother of four children: Herbert, a bookkeeper in the Los Angeles postoffice is married and has two children; Ada is Mrs. David Pryor of Huntington Park, and she is the mother of four children; Clara married Gage Owen of Pasadena and has one child; and Ella, who is Mrs. William Schmitt of Los Angeles, has two children. Mr. Gresswell was married a second time to Mrs. Eliza Bowles, born in England, who passed away in Long Beach. In Anaheim, in March, 1920, Mr. Gresswell was married a third time to Mrs. Emma G. White, also a native of England, and they reside at 317 Clementine Street. In national politics Mr. Gresswell is decidedly Republican.

BERNARD J. DRESSER — It is peculiar to Orange County, and particularly to Anaheim, that the men engaged in business there are men who have had years of experience in their special lines, and have brought to this section the benefit of their knowledge, as shown in the many fine business establishments in the county, equal to those in any of the larger cities of the state, and with the most modern methods used in carrying on their various lines. Among these may be mentioned that of Bernard J. Dresser, proprietor of the White Lily Bakery, at 307 West Center Street, Anaheim.

Mr. Dresser is a native of Missouri, born in Osage County, June 22, 1860. The family moved to Portland, Ore., in 1874, when he was a lad of fourteen, and there he finished his education. In 1884 he and his father came to Anaheim, where they remained until 1893, and Bernard J. assisted his father in developing his twenty-acre orange ranch, and also clerked in grocery stores in the city. In 1893 they returned to Portland, and Mr. Dresser became a member of the grocery firm of F. Dresser and Company, remaining in the firm for over twenty years, during which time he became very active in affairs pertaining to the grocery business in Portland; for three years he was president of the Retail Grocers Association of that city, and in 1908 attended the National Convention of Retail Grocers as a delegate, held in Boston. Mass. He was also one of the founders of the Portland Grocers and Merchants Magazine, and helped to put it on a sound financial basis; the periodical is still published and is now one of the influential and popular publications of the northern city.

Anaheim and its beckoning opportunities had never faded from his mind, however, and in 1915 Mr. Dresser came there to reside, and purchased the White Lily Bakery, since which time he has built up an actually phenomenal business in a short space of time, and made many improvements. When he took over the business one baker and one helper were employed; fifteen people are now employed and a large wholesale and retail trade supplied, three delivery trucks deliver bread to all the surrounding towns in the valley, and new agencies are constantly being added. His retail trade is growing rapidly, as the fame of White Lily bread has spread from household to household, and it is a case of "the proof of the pudding is in the eating." full line of cakes and fancy pastry is also made, and this bakery is the only one in the county with two ovens, the combined capacity of which is 8,000 loaves daily, with a daily output at present of 3.600 loaves. A11 the new and modern machinery is used; after the dough is put into the moulds, they are put on racks and wheeled into the steam room, after which they are ready for the ovens. The bakery floors are cement, and the walls and ceilings in white enamel paint, with the entire plant as clean and sanitary as a good housekeeper could keep her kitchen.

The marriage of Mr. Dresser, in Portland, Ore., 1895, united him with Elizabeth C. Heitkemper, a native of Iowa, and two children have blessed their union: Bernard H., and Catherine. A true helpmate in every sense of the word, Mrs. Dresser has been of great assistance in carrying on the business, and like most women of today, keeps in touch with current events and with the business and civic, as well as the social life of the community. The family attends the Catholic Church, and Mr. Dresser is a member of the Anaheim Council No. 1154, Knights of Columbus. He is also a member of the Anaheim Lodge of B. P. O. Elks No. 1345, and of the Woodmen of the World. Prominent in business circles in the county, he stands ready at all times to aid in every way the best interests of his community, and as a member of the Anaheim Board of Trade, and the Merchants Association, he does his share in all movements for the further advancement of Orange County.

FRANK E. PARTRIDGE — Among the bright, far-sighted and promising young men of his district, to whom Orange County naturally looks for much of its future development and prosperity, must be noted Frank E. Partridge, the progressive rancher who cultivates a productive orchard of oranges located on Fairhaven, between Yorba and Prospect avenues, which he has brought to a high state of perfection. He has owned his acreage only since 1906, and in the intervening years he has made all of the improvements which mark the property as a choice estate.

Of an old Eastern family, Frank E. Partridge was born in Philadelphia, Pa., September 12, 1889, his parents being Joseph A. and Mary H. (Freeman) Partridge, both natives of Brooklyn, N. Y. Joseph A. Partridge was well known in the mercantile circles of New York City, having established the firm of Partridge and Wilcox, wholesale dealers in notions and dry goods, the business still being conducted under this name although he passed away over twenty years ago.

The youngest of a family of five children, three of whom are living, Frank E. Partridge was educated in the public schools, later attending the Vermont Military Academy at Saxton's River, Vt., for two years. In 1903 the Partridge family came to California, spending a year at San Diego. Coming back in 1905, they went to Pasadena to look over property with a view to buying, but returned to their Eastern home without purchasing. In the spring of 1907 Frank E. Partridge came to Ocean Park and then to Santa Ana, and in the fall of that year, with his mother he purchased a tract of ten acres on Fairhaven Avenue, near Orange. To this ranch he has given intelligent and careful attention, increasing the planting from 210 to 640 Valencia orange trees, and the orchard is now in a thriving condition and is an excellent producer.

On October 11, 1919, Mr. Partridge was married to Mrs. Josie (Stearns) Jamar, the daughter of William and Lillie (Richie) Stearns; her parents were ranchers at Orange, but now reside in Arizona. Since his first residence here Mr. Partridge has shown himself to be public spirited and progressive and he stands high in the regard of the community for his willingness to cooperate in advancing the welfare of this section in all lines. He is a member of the McPherson Heights Citrus Association and the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company, and in political matter is a staunch adherent of Republicanism. While devoted to business, Mr. Partridge still finds time to enjoy outdoor sports, of which he is fond, and which the climate of California makes so attractive the year round.

WILLIAM H. BOON — To be recognized as a self-made man is the honor accorded to William H. Boon, the popular agent for the Harley-Davidson motorcycles at Anaheim. His career presents a striking example of what industry and resourcefulness, coupled with thrift and an indomitable will to succeed, can accomplish even in the face of seemingly insurmountable difficulties.

William H. Boon was born in Parsons, Kans., August 22, 1888. In 1904 his parents migrated to California, locating at Randsburg, Kern County, where William finished his school days and afterwards for a short time was employed in a book store. His next employment was with the Yellow Aster Mining Company where he remained seven years during which time he rendered faithful and efficient service in various capacities until he worked his way up to the important position of fireman in the large mill.

After leaving the Yellow Aster Mining Company Mr. Boon was at Colton, Cal., for a short time where he was connected with the Pacific Fruit Express Ice Company: afterwards, for three months, he was employed by the Fontana Company at Fontana, Cal. During this time he formed the acquaintance of J. W. Smith, who had the contract for sinking wells for the Fontana Company in Lytle Creek, and entered his employ for two years. In 1910 Mr. Boon came to Anaheim, in the interests of J. W. Smith who had contracted to sink wells for the Anaheim Union Water Company at Anaheim. While engaged in this work in Orange County, he was so greatly impressed with Anaheim as a business center that he determined to make it his home and as soon as practicable he entered into partnership with John Kemper and operated a bicycle shop under the name of Boon and Kemper at 205 South Los Angeles Street. Soon afterwards Mr. Kemper sold his interest to Charles Griffith, who later sold out to Fred Minyard. He remained but a short time when Mr. Boon bought his interest and became the sole owner of the business.

By his judicious management, Mr. Boon has greatly increased the business and now occupies new and modern quarters at 147 South Los Angeles Street. He has the agency for northern Orange County for the well known Harley-Davidson motorcycles, his sales averaging twenty-five new machines annually. He also carries in stock a line of American bicycles, does repair work, has a complete welding outfit with which he does the welding for the automobile companies of Anaheim.

The marriage of Mr. Boon united him with Launa Whittaker, a native of Colorado, and of this happy union three children were born: lona Ray and lola May, twins; and Robert Harry. Mr. Boon is a member of the Anaheim Board of Trade and the Merchants Association. Ever since he was twenty years of age he has made his way in the world and although coming to California originally for his health's sake, he is now strong and vigorous and one of Anaheim's successful business men.

ERNEST HENRY RURUP — A successful rancher who has so well prospered in California that he is naturally very devoted to the Golden State, is Ernest Henry Rurup, of North Flower Street, Santa Ana, the fancier of and authority on Percheron horses. He was born in Onhausen, Prussia, Germany, on June 28. 1849, and came to America in January, 1866. For four years he worked in Cottage Grove, Dane County, Wis., and then leased a farm in the same vicinity and engaged in general farming for seventeen years. In 1889 he removed to Nebraska, where he farmed from 300 to 400 acres near Aurora, in Hamilton County. He soon purchased half a section of land in the same locality, and this he used for general farming until 1903. While there he made a specialty of raising short-horn cattle and Percheron horses.

In that year, having made up his mind to remove to California, he came direct to Santa Ana and bought twenty acres on North Flower Street. This is now devoted to choice walnuts, and is under the service of the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company. The land has always been rich, and since Mr. Rurup has brought it to a very high state of cultivation, it makes one of the choicest ranches in all Orange County.

On September 22, 1871, Mr. Rurup married Miss Johanna Grote, a native of the Duchy of Braunschweig, or Brunswick, Germany, who came to America with her parents in 1871, and settled in Wisconsin. Nine children blessed their happy union. Charles L. is in the implement business in Judica, Nebr. ; William is on a farm in Hamilton County, in the same state; Clara married Louis Holland and lives at Orange; Henry is living in Arizona; Minnie resides at El Centro; Walter works in the oil field at Newport Beach; Emma. is now Mrs. Miles Hill and lives at home; Flieda is Mrs. C. Irwin of Brea; and Ernest George lives at Phoenix, Ariz.

Mr. Rurup takes a live interest in civic affairs, losing no opportunity to set forth the advantages of always choosing the man best fitted for office, rather than standing by party candidates. California and Orange County, therefore, have always profited through such high-principled citizens as Mr. and Mrs. Rurup. and no greater wealth has come to the great commonwealth than in such worthy families as theirs.

WAYLAND WOOD — An aggressive, whole-hearted and thoroughly public-spirited citizen, who made a reputation in Montana as a pioneer before he came to California and led the way in successful subdivision of some of the choicest Santa Ana property, is Wayland Wood, the scientific and progressive walnut grower of 1524 North Broadway. He was born in Atchison County, Mo., on January 16, 1869, the son of William Henry and Isabel E. Wood. The elder Wood was a pioneer Baptist minister, having a wide circuit in western Missouri; but this did not prevent him from giving our subject a high school education in Maryville, Nodaway County, Mo.

For twelve or thirteen years Wayland Wood was busy as a contractor and builder in Maryville, but in 1900 he went to Custer County, Mont., whither came also Miss Delia J. Baker, who was born near Maryville on March 25, 1870, and went to the same school, at the same time, in that town. And at Terry, Mont., on March 25, 1900, they were married. She had taught school in the vicinity of Maryville for a number of years, and became an agreeable companion and a most helpful mate. As a happily married couple, Mr. and Mrs. Wood lived together in Montana until November 1914, when they came west to California. They have four children — Carrie E. and Charles H., students in the Santa Ana high school, and Mary Margaret and Isabel O. Wood, pupils in the grade schools. Mrs. Wood died in 1915 at Santa Ana. The family attends the First Baptist Church at Santa Ana.

Mr. Wood was the pioneer grain grower of the country between Powder River and Fallon Creek, in Montana, and now he has fifteen acres of walnuts in two groves near Santa Ana, under the service of the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company. When he purchased the Barton Tract on North Broadway in 1915, he had the foresight to subdivide and develop the tract, and he rapidly sold city lots there and even built several houses, adding greatly to the value and the attractiveness of North Broadway property.

A Democrat in matters of national political import, although nonpartisan in his attitude toward local candidates and measures, Mr. Wood also belongs to the Masons and Knights of Pythias, and among the most popular of live-wire fraternity men in their circles.

EDGERTON B. SPRAGUE — An influential citizen of Santa Ana who has worked his way up by intelligent, hard and honest effort and so has become prominent in financial circles, is Edgerton B. Sprague, the popular cashier of the Orange County Trust and Savings Bank of Santa Ana. He was born near the Connecticut River, at Windsor, in Windsor County, \ t., on November 25, 1880, one of the ninth generation of Spragues descended from Edward Sprague whose two sons, Ralph and William, came from England to Boston in 1630 and helped to establish here those American branches which later included such celebrities as Daniel Chamberlain Sprague, the missionary to the Sandwich Islands; Alfred White Sprague, the scientist and author; Charles Sprague, the poet; John Titcomb Sprague and John Wilson Sprague, the soldiers; Peleg Sprague, the jurist; William Sprague, Sr., and William Sprague, Jr., governors of Rhode Island; and William Buel Sprague, the clergyman widely known in Europe as well as in the United States, who collected over 100,000 autographs of note and published many interesting volumes of travel and essays. Great-great grandfather Jonathan Sprague drifted to Hanover from Massachusetts, and erected there the first school building, out of which later grew Dartmouth College.

The father of our subject was Clarence M. Sprague, the shoe manufacturer at Windsor, Vt., and Kennebunk, Maine, who later removed to Grundy Center Iowa, and became a farmer and a stock raiser. He is still a resident of that place, but lives retired. He had married Miss Abbie E. Weston, a native of Plymouth, Vt., and a member of another old Massachusetts family' proudly tracing its ancestry back to Plymouth. She died in Iowa. Grandfather Weston was a farmer in Vermont, while Grandfather Edgerton Sprague was a farmer in Vermont and also owned a fine tract of land in Iowa. Clarence M. Sprague had three children; two of whom are in Iowa, and one in California.

The second eldest, Edgerton Sprague was brought up at Windsor and at Kennebunk. and when a boy of four came to Iowa. He went to school at Grundy Center; assisted his father on the farm, and then entered Cornell College, at Mt. Vernon, Iowa, from which he was graduated in 1903 with the decree of Bachelor of Arts. He next entered the law department of the University of Michigan, where he remained until his senior year when, in 1905, he made a trip to California and the Coast, and what he saw here, he liked so well that he concluded to remain.

On November 5, 1906, Mr. Sprague entered the service of the Orange County Title Company of Santa Ana, having previously been employed in surveying at Laguna Beach, where he became acquainted with Mr. Mansur, who persuaded him to enter the employ of the Title Company; and he resigned from the escrow work of that concern only because of an offer from the California National Bank, whose assistant cashier he became on March 1, 1915. On the first of October, two years later, he was made cashier of the Orange County Trust and Savings Bank to the satisfaction of all the patrons. He is a stockholder and a director in the bank, and a stockholder, director and vice-president of the Home Mutual Building and Loan Association of Santa Ana.

In 1910 at Santa Ana, Mr. Sprague was married to Miss Agnes McBride, a native daughter born in Sacramento: and their fortunate union has been further blessed through the birth of their two children— Clarence Edward and Weston Finley. The family attends the Presbyterian Church, in which Mr. Sprague is a trustee. He is a Mason, associated with Santa Ana Lodge No. 241. Santa Ana Chapter No. 73, Santa Ana Council No. 14, and Santa Ana Commandery No. 36. K. T.; and he also belongs to the Al Malaikah Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Los Angeles.

In addition to his banking responsibilities Mr. Sprague is interested in horticulture, and he has business property interests in Santa Ana. He has owned various pieces of property at different times, and has never failed to identify himself in the most helpful manner with the growing city and county.

OSCAR ROSENBAUM — A highly intelligent, well-educated rancher who. despite various handicaps inherited through financial reverses of his father, has succeeded in attaining for himself and his family a considerable degree of affluence and comfort, is Oscar Rosenbaum. the progressive owner of the fine acreage on the State Highway about two and a half miles north of San Juan Capistrano. He was born in the San Juan precinct on May 24, 1869, the second oldest child of Henry George Rosenbaum, a pioneer cattleman at San Juan Capistrano, contemporary with Don Marco Forster and Judge Richard Egan, who came to California in 1850 around Cape Horn. He married Susan Bolton, a native of England, who was reared in Australia and came to California in 1861. He came to San Juan Capistrano about 1868 and had a rich pioneer experience. He was extensively engaged in the raising of cattle, but met with reverses, leaving little or no property for his children, of whom there were nine. Broken down, he retired to Los Angeles, where he died; and in that city, also, Mrs. Rosenbaum, a devoted mother and wife, passed away, neither of this worthy couple having been granted the pleasure of knowing how well their children would succeed in their struggle with the world.

Oscar grew up on his father's ranch in what is now San Juan precinct, near San Juan Capistrano, and attended the grammar schools in that old town; and when sixteen years old, he left home and finally drifted to Colorado. He worked at anything that his hands could find to do — ranch work at first, but later in the mines; and after a while had succeeded so well that he could take the next important step in life.

He was married at San Bernardino, Cal., to Miss Ella May Brumbly; and their union, the happiness of which was assured through the bride's genial and winning personality and her industrious habits, has been further blessed in the birth of eighteen children, fourteen of whom are living and honored as active American citizens. Three of their sons were in the war: Clarence Honier who was in the Mobile Ordnance department, is now operating the Imperial Valley ranch; Frank Oscar, who served overseas in the Three Hundred Sixty-fourth Infantry, is now attending the Davis Agricultural College; Fred George served in the Second Engineers until the armistice and is now in charge of his father's upper ranch.

As a result of their hard work and frugality, Mr. and Mrs. Rosenbaum are now the owners of two excellent ranches, one two miles, and the other four miles north of San Juan Capistrano, including a combined area of 1,000 acres besides acreage in Santa Ana and Imperial Valley. This last-mentioned ranch, further to the north, is managed by one of Mr. Rosenbaum's sons, Fred George. Mr. Rosenbaum himself is both an experienced farmer and an able business manager; and while for the most part following stock-raising or mixed farming, he has planted much of his land to walnuts and oranges, and is now developing an excellent orange grove on the ranch two miles north of San Juan Capistrano. At the same time, he finds it possible to enlarge his culture and keep up his reading and general studies so that as a conversationalist he is always able to attract and hold his own.

WALTER D. LEDFORD — Six of the eight years that Walter D. Ledford has owned his seven-acre ranch, which he purchased in 1912, has been devoted to the business of poultry raising, and he is one of the promising and progressive poultrymen of his section of Orange County. The ranch is situated on the Santa Ana branch of the Pacific Electric Railway, north and west of Cypress. Mr. Ledford was born in Cherokee County, Kans., on June 16, 1873, a son of Calvin T., born in Indiana, and Welmet (Hobson) Ledford. The mother was born in Iowa and is a cousin of Richmond P. Hobson. There were six children in the Ledford family, four living and all residents of California, and two, Walter and Charles, live in Orange County. The father died in Indiana, in 1877, and when Mrs. Ledford married again she chose for her husband Calvin Luther Newlin, by whom she had a daughter, Stella G., now the wife of Espy Hawthorn of Fresno County.

Mr. Newlin and family started from the Kansas homestead en route for California via Texas, but stopped two years in Colorado, from which place, in 1891, they landed in the Golden State. Walter resided in Redlands., after his arrival here on May 5, 1891, and for seventeen years he worked at the trade of carpenter. He had learned the trade earlier in life and was capable to do any and all kinds of work in his line and helped to build up the city of Redlands as well as the surrounding country. In 1908 he came to Orange County and bought his present ranch and upon this he has placed all the improvements, lie began in the poultry business in a small way and gradually increased his production of eggs and his broods, now having some 2,000 laying hens of the single-comb White Leghorn breed. He raises chicks for commercial purposes as well. His housing pen is 200x20 feet, and that and other buildings necessary for the conduct of his business have been built by himself, and it was here that his knowledge of carpenter work has stood him in good stead. He has gradually built up a profitable business and become an authority on raising chickens.

Mr. Ledford was united in marriage in Parker County, Texas, May IS, 1896, with Miss Martha E., a daughter of Thomas B. and Martha A. (^Martin) Callison, the latter a cousin of Congressman John D. Alderson of Virginia. Mrs. Ledford was born in West Virginia and came to California after her marriage and this has since been her home. Mr. and Mrs. Ledford have had eleven children, nine of whom are living: Calvin T.. served in the World War in the heavy artillery and was in training at Camp Lewis when the armistice was signed. He is married and has two children, Margaret and Elizabeth A., and the family live at Buena Park. The others are Muriel A.. George L., Walter D., Carl H., Gladys M., Dora L, Grace A. L., and Robert C. Politically Mr. Ledford is independent of party and casts his vote for the men and measures that he deems most important for the good of the county and people. He is a member of the Masonic order, Buena Park Lodge, No. 357, F. & A. M., and is held in high esteem by the members of that order.

WILLET S. DECKER  — One of the most successful and, therefore, one of the best-known contractors and builders in Orange County, who has also demonstrated his ability to manage and maintain a line lemon grove, is Willet S. Decker, who was born at Newton Center, near Scranton, Pa., on May 21, 1862, the son of Amzi and Sophia (Shoemaker) Decker. His grandfather, on his father's side, was a pioneer of Luzerne, later Lackawanna County, Pa., and had much to do with the history of Newton Center, being one of its leading citizens.

Willet S. Decker learned the art of building in Pennsylvania, and as foreman for C. F. Ward, Taylor and Company, and also Conrad Schrader, broadened his experience into contracting. On June 22, 1897, he landed in California, and started to work for George E. Preble at Santa Ana, and in sixty days he was made foreman, with such satisfactory results all around that he remained for thirteen years with Mr. Preble. He had the building of the Masonic Temple, the First Presbyterian Church and the Congregational Church, and in May, 1910, he was appointed deputy state engineer and placed in charge of the construction of the additional buildings at the Whittier State School, as well as the repair of the buildings of that institution. In August, 1912, he was appointed building inspector for the board of education of Santa Ana, and superintended the erection of the new Polytechnic high school, and also the Spurgeon school, both of which were completed in the fall of 1913.

The next four seasons, from 1913 to 1917, Mr. Decker was house foreman for the Santa Ana Valley Walnut Growers packing and shipping establishment, and spent from September to December in the packing house, while he did contracting and building for the rest of the year. Since 1917 he has busied himself mostly with general contracting. Mr. Decker also has another absorbing interest, a beautiful lemon grove of ten acres, at Yorba Linda, lying in the new gusher oil district, which he purchased in January, 1912. All the trees are about nine years old and in excellent bearing, the grove having a record of being one of the best producers for its age of any in the district.

On September 23, 1897, Mr. Decker was married to Miss Jettie M. Winslow, the daughter of J. B. and Hannah Winslow, who are at present residing amid a circle of devoted friends at 1119 North Main Street, Santa Ana. While Mr. Decker was superintending the construction of the new additions to the Whittier State School, Mrs. Decker was the school's popular assistant matron. The family attend the Congregational Church at Santa Ana, and Mr. Decker is an enthusiastic Mason, having been made a Mason in Santa Ana Lodge No. 241, F. & A. M. He is also a member of Santa Ana Chapter No. 73, R. A. M., Santa Ana Council No. 14, R. & S. M., Santa Ana Commandery No. 36, K. T., and with his wife is a member of Hermosa Chapter No. 105, O. E. S. He is also a life member of Al Malaikah Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.. at Los Angeles. One son, James, blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Decker. In national politics Mr. Decker is a Republican, but in local affairs he is properly non- partisan in his views.

WILLIAM I. WALLER — Probably the largest individual rancher in Orange County, and also one of its most successful, is William I. Waller, who is operating 3,500 acres at present, practically the whole acreage being devoted to grain farming. Mr. Waller was born at Conway. Ark., August 18, 1876. and the following year the family moved to California, settling near Santa Ana. His parents were Samuel R. and Emma (Holderfield) Waller, both natives of Arkansas. Samuel R. Waller crossed the plains to California with his parents in 1849, afterwards returning to Arkansas. When eighteen years of age he enlisted in the Confederate Army, serving in the Civil War, during which time he was wounded in one of the battles in which he participated. After the war he was married and engaged in farming. His wife died in 1882 and in 1885 he brought his children to California and he is still living and makes his home with the subject of this review, who is the only one living of a family of two girls and two boys.

William I. Waller started out at an early age to make his own way in the world, his first employment being on the San Joaquin ranch, where his wages were twenty dollars a month. The years that followed were filled with long hours and hard work, but he finally accumulated sufficient to start to ranching for himself. He leased 320 acres of the San Joaquin ranch and here he went through three dry years in succession, an experience that would have daunted one less courageous, but Mr. Waller stayed right by his project, even being compelled to go into debt for his seed. He then removed to the Whiting ranch, farming there three years, and in August, 1911, he leased the present place, a part of the Santa Margarita ranch. As the years went on, however, he began to prosper and gradually added to his acreage until he now cultivates 3,300 acres, 2.000 acres being in wheat this year. A large part of this acreage is Trabuco Mesa ranch of Jerome O'Neill, ten miles above EI Toro. Each year Mr. Waller summer fallows SCO acres, keeping 3,000 acres in grain crops, and thus the land lies fallow one year in every seven, in this way keeping the soil fertile and capable of producing a full crop.

Mr. Waller has his places splendidly equipped with the latest machinery, and he has at least $40,000 invested in horses, mules, tractors, headers, mowers, threshers, etc., and he has a well-equipped blacksmith shop that is ample to handle all his work. He resides in Trabuco Canyon on the Mesa ranch and here he uses a seventy-five horsepower Holt tractor and a Holt combined harvester and thresher, besides about sixty horses and mules, in taking care of his immense grain crops. The other ranch, which is known as the Governor Adour ranch, and which is also a part of Santa Margarita ranch, consists of 1.200 acres. Here Mr. Waller uses two headers and for his threshing a Rumely separator.

Mrs. Waller was in maidenhood Miss Pearl Johnson, a native daughter of California, who was born in Santa Ana, whose parents were pioneers of Santa Ana, and she presides over their ranch home with grace and dignity. Two children have been born of this union: Vivian and William. By his first marriage Mr. Waller has one child, Eula.

Starting in life with no financial assistance, Mr. Waller put in many years of hard work in order to get the capital which would enable him to begin his own ranching operations, but he has made a splendid success and now ranks high among the prosperous agriculturists of Orange County. In politics, Mr. Waller has always been consistent in his allegiance to the Democratic party.

GEORGE M. ROSS  — The real estate business presents opportunities for the exercise of the best efforts and energies of representative men of the community and George M. Ross, secretary of the Orange County Realty Company and secretary and manager of the Anaheim Walnut Growers Association has gained a position of prominence in this line of enterprise. He was born on a farm near Moran, Allen County, Kans., on June 29, 1879, and is the son of William A. and Ella (Southard) Ross, natives of Ohio, the father being reared in Missouri and Wisconsin and in the latter state he was married in La Crosse where his father and his grandfather, James H. Ross, were engaged in lumbering and logging until they located in Allen County, Kans., and in that country went through the days of the drought and grasshoppers. Grandfather Ross died in 1910 at Pasadena. Cal. He had served in a Missouri regiment in the Civil War and from there they moved to Wisconsin. Of Southern lineage the Ross family traces their ancestry back through the early settlers of New England to England and Scotland. William \. Ross now resides in Anaheim and is president of the Orange County Realty Company. In 1903 the family came to California and located at Anaheim.

The oldest child in a family of three boys, George M., attended the rural and high schools in his native state and graduated from business college at Ottawa. Kans. After this he was employed in the bridge and building department of the Missouri Pacific Railroad one year and then came to California in 1903, where he was with a fruit company at Los Angeles for six months. Following this he went to Anaheim and engaged in the dairy business for a year and a half. Disposing of his interest in the dairy he helped organize the Anaheim Gas Company, of which he was secretary and manager for three years. He then sold his interest to the Southern Counties Gas Company and engaged in his present line of work, selling realty. After seven years in business in 191S with his father, William A., and brother, Walter J., he incorporated the Orange County Realty Company to carry on the business on a larger scale, and of which he is secretary and an active partner. The firm are dealers in real estate and build residences in Anaheim which are sold to home-seekers and they have met with increasing success. He is secretary, director and manager of the Anaheim Walnut Growers Association and a great part of his time is claimed by his duties in this capacity. He is also a director of the California Walnut Growers Association and takes an active part in its deliberations.

In establishing domestic ties he chose Miss Marion Johnston of Ontario, Canada, as his life companion, to whom he was united in marriage June 12, 1912, the fruit of their union being a son named Donald Livingston. In his religious associations he is a member of the Presbyterian Church of Anaheim and was superintendent of the Sunday school for eight years. He is also active in the Y. M. C. A. work and was treasurer of the first county Y. M. C. A. organization west of the Rockies. Politically he casts his vote with the Republican party and in his fraternal relations is identified with the Woodmen of the World. He is a member of the Anaheim Chamber of Commerce, having served as a director and is an enterprising, progressive, public-spirited citizen who takes a warm interest in Orange County's welfare and is active in the civic improvement of his home town, where his sterling integrity has won the esteem of many friends.

ALFRED W. FINCH — A highly-esteemed member of the Maccabees of Santa Ana, and a successful rancher, is Alfred W. Finch, who was born in Bedford, Ohio, on June 7, 1884, the son of Charles and Elizabeth I. (Robinson) Finch, born in Cambridgeshire, England, and Cleveland, Ohio, respectively. The mother was the daughter of Alfred and Nelga (Bruce) Robinson, who trace their ancestry back to Robert Bruce of Scotland. Great-great-grandfather Robinson made the trip with ox-teams and wagons from Connecticut, coming to the site of Cleveland, Ohio, and camping in the heart of what is now that large and beautifully built-up city. Alfred Robinson became a navigator on the Great Lakes, and for many years sailed as a captain on lake vessels. Charles Finch, a brother of the late John A. Finch, of Spokane, Wash., who became a millionaire miner in the Coeur d'Alene district, was a grocery-man in Bedford, and when he removed to Cleveland in 1886, entered the employ of the American Wire and Steel Rolling Mill Company. At the end of seven years, however, he moved onto a farm near Elyria, Ohio, and there Alfred attended school.

The young man had other tastes than those of agriculture, and so went in for interior decorating, evidencing his talent in the execution of commissions in his home vicinity. He commenced to work for himself, in fact, when he was fifteen years old, and he remained an interior decorator in Ohio until he came to California, in 1904. Then, in partnership with his father, who had also come here, he established a grocery and meat market at the corner of Sixteenth and Arlington streets, Los Angeles. When his father died, on March 7, 1908, Mr. Finch continued the business alone until the following February.

With his mother and his family, he came to Santa Ana in 1909, and purchased a ranch of ten acres, seven of which were set out to oranges and three to walnuts and apricots, interset. They installed a pumping plant with a Layne-Bowler pump and a Westinghouse motor having a capacity of seventy-five inches, for irrigating their orchard, selling the surplus to adjoining orchardists.

On February 24, 1913. Mr. Finch was married to Miss Frances Rawson, a native of Wabasha, Minn., and the daughter of George and Nellie Rawson. Mr. Rawson was a conductor on the first train to pass over the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad from Wabasha to Faribault, and he helped to develop that valuable system. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Finch moved onto a walnut grove of five acres on San Juan Street, Tustin; but a year later he removed to Los Angeles and entered the employ of Albert Cohn on West Washington Street, still later working at their downtown store. In 1914, he moved back to Santa Ana, where he was employed by the Santa Ana Sugar Company.

While busied there, on October 22, 1918, Mrs. Finch, who had become the center of a large circle of appreciative friends, passed away, and on the eighteenth of the following month, Mr. Finch's mother died, having succumbed to influenza. One child, Harold W. Finch, died in infancy. Not long after these sudden afflictions, Mr. Finch visited his wife’s people in Minnesota, and then went to Utah to sell a ranch of 240 acres. Since then, he has made his home on the North Main Street ranch, living with his brothers and sisters, and assists in managing the old homestead. Besides himself, Raymond C. Finch is operating the home ranch; John A. is with the Western Union Telegraph Company in Santa Ana; Leonard B. is with the Beach Manufacturing Company, Los Angeles, and Jennie I., Mrs. Marion Hopkins of Santa Ana. Leonard served in the United States Army auto school in Los Angeles during the late war. Fraternally. Mr. Finch is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees.

EDWARD D. MARION  — For over thirty years the ranch property now known as the E. D. Marion orange grove, on the Garden Grove-Anaheim Boulevard, has been in the possession of the Marion family. It was purchased in 1887 by E. D. Marion, Sr., upon the arrival of the family here from Denver, Colo. He had but limited means and this he invested in six acres of unimproved land located near the Fairview schoolhouse, to which their children were sent until that district was discontinued and a better and larger building erected at West Anaheim. Improvements were immediately started to make a comfortable home by the erection of a house, which at that time was the only one between Anaheim and Garden Grove, and they kept cows and chickens and did farming on a small scale, at the same time adding improvements from time to time, for Mr. Marion believed it the best policy to "pay as you go," which he always did. He was a native of New York state, but in early life went to Colorado where he was united in marriage, in Denver, with Miss Mary Davis, a native of England, who had come to Colorado early in her life. In Denver Mr. Marion conducted a nursery and greenhouse for many years. They became the parents of four children, all born in Denver: Mary, was married to James Johnson in May. 1901. in Los Angeles; they went to Needles, where he died on February 23, 1916, and there his widow still lives; Anna, died on March 31, 1894: George K., was born on February 21. 1881. and died May 30, 1890; and Edward D., of this review, who was born on May 14, 1880. The father died on April 1, 1906, and the mother lived about a year, passing away in 1907, both highly esteemed by all who knew them.

After the death of the father, E. D., Jr., began to make further improvements on the property by setting out Valencia oranges, having to go to San Dimas for his stock because there was none nearer. His were the first trees to be set out on the Garden Grove highway; soon others followed and today this section has become the center of the Valencia orange district of the county. He is a member of the Orange Growers Association at Anaheim. This grove has proven to be one of the best of producers and his ranch is recognized as one of the show places in this locality. He replaced the original house with a modern structure in 1919 and now enjoys all the conveniences of city life.

Having spent nearly all his life in Orange County, where he attended the grammar and high schools of Anaheim, it is but natural that he should take a just pride in the advancement of the locality where he has lived for so many years and he has given his support to all movements for the betterment of social and moral conditions that have been brought to his notice. On December 4. 1914, in Anaheim, he was united in marriage with Miss Pauline Domke. a native of Iowa and the daughter of August Domke. Their union has been blessed by the birth of a daughter, Anita. Mr. Marion is a member of Anaheim Lodge No. 134S, B. P. O. Elks, also of the Masons and the Knights of Pythias. In politics he is a Republican and the family belongs to the Presbyterian Church.

ANAHEIM FEED AND FUEL COMPANY — Among the old established business firms at Anaheim is that of the Anaheim Feed and Fuel Company, located at 242 West Center Street. The business was established by R. W. McClellan. and was conducted under his name until 1917, when W'. D. Grafton became interested in the business and the firm name was changed to The Anaheim Feed and Fuel Company. September 29, 1919, A. V. Vail bought Mr. McClellan's interest in the business and became a partner of Mr. Grafton. The business, established a number of years ago. has gradually grown to its present dimensions, and is the largest in its line in Orange County. The new home of the firm fronts on Center and Oak streets, and they have the only public weighing scales in the town. They do a large business in orchard supplies, are agents for the Pacific Guano Fertilizer Company, and also deal extensively in seeds and poultry supplies. Both members of the firm have been successful orange growers and are widely known, and have been actively connected with the growth of Orange County for many years.

William D. Grafton, the son of Dr. and Mrs. W. H. Grafton of Cambridge, Iowa, was born in Story County, Iowa, July 6, 1875, He completed his education at the Cambridge. Iowa, high school, and took a course in business college at Des Moines, Iowa. He was afterward assistant department manager for the Harris Emery Company, the largest department store in Des Moines. He was with the Anaconda Copper Mining Company, at Anaconda and Bonner. Mont., for sixteen years, and from there came to Los Angeles. Cal.. and engaged in the hay and grain business. Later he came to Orange County and became an orange grower in the Orange district, and in 1919 became a partner in the Anaheim Feed and Fuel Company. His marriage with Miss Lois Newport has been blessed by the birth of three children, namely, William W.. Helen and Nelly Kathryn. Fraternally he affiliates with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a member of the encampment.

The junior member of the firm. Albert V. Vail. is a native of Muscatine, Iowa, where he was born April 30, 1882. His father, now deceased, was a native of New York state. His mother, who survives her husband, was in maidenhood Bertha Mouche. She is of French parentage and was born in Austria. The father came to California first in 1886, then he returned to the East and in 1888 brought his family to California with him. arriving at Anaheim. March 3, of that year. For many years he was engaged in ranching, raising grain and vegetables in the Fullerton district. In politics he was a Democrat, and was active and very prominent in the politics of his party. He was a member of the Orange County Democratic Central Committee.

Albert V. attended the public schools of Fullerton. and supplemented this with a course at the Santa Ana Business College. He followed the occupation of farming and was engaged in .the transfer business at Fullerton. and was also an orange grower in the Fullerton district. He now owns two orange and lemon groves on which oil is being developed. He was the founder of the El Camino Water Company, one of the best irrigation systems in the county, and September 29. 1919. became a member of the firm of The Anaheim Feed and Fuel Company. His marriage with Miss Freda Backs, a native of Anaheim, resulted in the birth of two children, Frederick and Albertha. Mr. Vail was formerly a member of the Santa Ana Lodge of Elks, and when the Anaheim-Fullerton lodge of the order was instituted he became a charter member of it, and was the first tyler of the lodge.

PERRY MILLER — To develop a productive and profitable ranch from desert land, construct commodious and substantial buildings and in every way to equip the place for successful general farming^ — to accomplish all this in a few years bespeaks an enterprising and experienced rancher. This is an epitome of Perry Miller's thirteen years of ranching in Orange County. He was born on February 5, 1857. in Sandusky County, Ohio, a son of Jacob and Mary Miller, who were both natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. And Mrs. Miller were the parents of five children. Perry being the only one residing in California. When he was one year old his parents moved to Michigan and in that state he received his early education, and there his parents died before he was nine years of age.

In 1889 Mr. Miller emigrated to Fremont County, lowa, where he followed general farming until 1906, when he came to Southern California and in 1907 located in Orange County, Cal. A year previous he had purchased fifty-six acres of unimproved land located on what is now West Orangethorpe Avenue, at the Los Angeles County line. With his characteristic energy and progressive spirit he at once began to improve and develop the land until today he possesses a splendid homestead as the fruit of his industry and enterprise.

In Branch County, Mich., in 1883. Mr. Miller was united in marriage with Miss Belle Baker, a native of Michigan, and the daughter of John and Parthenia (Dutcher) Baker, natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respectively. One son. C. L., was born to them; he is married to Lucy Ball of Downey. Cal., and -two children have blessed their union — Dorothy and Perry. In religious matters Mr. Miller is a Spiritualist and in politics he is an Independent, giving his voice and vote to the men and measures he conscientiously believes the best for the welfare of the community and nation.

HARVEY F. HARTMAN — One of the best posted men in his special line of endeavor, and a recognized authority on the cultivation and propagation of chili peppers is Harvey F. Hartman. of Buena Park district. Orange County. He devotes one-half of his thirty-acre ranch to raising the popular Mexican, Anaheim and Pimento chili peppers, so much used, in both their green and ripe state, in canning, pickles and cookery. Mr. Hartman was born in Toledo, Ohio, on December 3, 1881, a son of Frederick C. and Anna Hartman; the father being a native of Germany, the mother of the Buckeye State. Mrs. Hartman passed away in 1882, when Harvey was but nine months old. F. C. Hartman brought his family to California in 1894; he followed the trade of a cabinet maker but in later years took up horticulture. He passed to his eternal reward in 1911 in Pasadena.

Harvey F. Hartman received his early education in the public schools of Ohio and after removing to California attended the splendid schools of Pasadena. Later his education was supplemented by a special course in a correspondence school, after which he pursued a special study of the science of horticulture and seed selection, in which he has attained signal success and made for himself a prominent place in the horticultural and agricultural circles of his community. In addition to his specializing in chili peppers Mr. Hartman devotes half of his ranch to general farming; he thoroughly understands the cultivation and peculiarities of the soil in this vicinity and is an authority on the most suitable crops to be propagated. He has resided on his ranch near Buena Park since 1909 and has greatly improved the place.

On May 1, 1906, Harvey F. Hartman was united in marriage with Miss Rose Bastady, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Imanuel Bastady and this happy union has been blessed with four children: Rosalie Marie, Helen Esther, Ida Mae and Frank Christian. Mrs. Hartman is a native of Basel, Switzerland. The family is a member of the Congregational Church of Buena Park. During his residence in Orange County, Mr. Hartman has contributed his share to the substantial development of agriculture and horticulture in the county and is an honored member of the Farm Bureau of Buena Park. Having been interested in floriculture while living in Pasadena, he still retains his love for the beautiful by his membership in the Floricultural Society of that city. Believing there is a great future for the dahlia, he is beginning the cultivation of special varieties on a small scale on his ranch.

FRANK R. LAGOURGUE — A successful rancher and an influential member of the Anaheim Citrus Union, Frank R. Lagourgue has more than one interesting story to tell of the past as it affected either himself or his forebears. He was born in Sac City, Sac County, Iowa, the son of William V. and Elizabeth (Austin) Lagourgue. His father was born in Jamaica, West Indies, where the grandfather William Lagourgue, who was a native of France, was a large sugar planter. In time he disposed of his holdings in Jamaica and located in Cleveland, Ohio, where he was a lumberman until his death. William V. Lagourgue as a young man sailed on the Great Lakes, then located in Iowa and was one of the first one-half dozen settlers of Sac County. Here Frank received his early schooling at Sac City, and when sixteen years old moved to Gage County, Nebr. His father purchased school land near Beatrice and also some land from the Otoe Indians, and he had a large farm where he raised wheat and corn. Frank continued his studies for a while after coming to Nebraska, and more and more caught the spirit of the West which was to lead him on to his greater accomplishment on the shore of the Pacific.

On November 30, 1882, Frank R. Lagourgue was married to Miss Mary Latta, a native of Minnesota, and a member of a family that moved to Indiana and then to Nebraska, in 1880. Her parents Robt. S. and Mary Latta, natives of Illinois and Ohio, respectively, came of splendid old Eastern stock, her father being a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church, very highly esteemed for his earnestness and devotion to his calling. After his marriage Mr. Lagourgue engaged in the drug business in Odell. Nebr., and later in Imperial. Chase County, Nebr. In the fall of 1901 he drove overland with a team and wagon to Stillwater, Okla., and there lived for a winter. On April 1, 1902, he came to California and settled at Anaheim, and here purchased a home on East Center Street, in Avhich he lived for a few years. In 1908, he bought ten acres on Placentia Avenue, cleared the land, developed water and set out Valencia oranges. In 1914, however, he sold out and purchased a ranch on Liberty Lane, north of Anaheim, and since then he has made that farm his home ranch, dispensing there to all who come an acceptable hospitality. All these years he has engaged in contracting and painting in Anaheim and vicinity, his work being most excellent and highly appreciated. Five children were granted Mr. and Mrs. Lagourgue: Carl R. lives in Wasco, Cal.: Alta is a bank clerk of Glendale, Ariz.; Robert V. resides in Pomona; Bernice has become Mrs. E. L. Hartwell of Long Beach; while Frank died at the age of nine years. Mrs. Lagourgue is a member of the Free Methodist Church in Garden Grove. Mr. Lagourgue is vice-president of the Northeast Water Company, from which he irrigates his ranch. A member of the Masonic fraternity he is affiliated with Anaheim Lodge, F. & A. M.

Mr. Lagourgue's father recalls with interest the fact that in early days the very Indians that massacred the settlers of New Ulm, Minn., used his farm in Iowa as their camping ground. He treated the redmen kindly, and they in turn never molested him or his family. And when one of his horses followed the Indians' horses as they took their leave, an Indian, discovering the wandering beast, brought it back and tied it in his father's yard.

EDWARD CHAFFEE — The son of honored pioneers of Orange County, Edward Chaffee, of Garden Grove, is a Californian in all but birth, having been a resident of the state since he was five years old. He was born on the Chaffee farm near Elgin. Ill., March 16, 1876, the son of Albert J. and Susan (Ambrose) Chaffee, who are mentioned elsewhere in this volume. In 1881 the family removed to California, settling at Garden Grove, then Los Angeles County. Here the lad grew up, attending the public .schools at Garden Grove, and later taking a two years' course at the State Normal School at Los Angeles. In the meantime he was brought up to do hard work on his father's grain and dairy farm, learning thoroughly how to master all the problems that go with making a success in agriculture. When he reached manhood he began farming on his own account, and he is now the owner of a profitable ranch of forty-five acres, half a mile northeast of Garden Grove. In addition he farms eighty-five acres of rented land in the vicinity. Always progressive in his ideas, Mr. Chaffee has kept pace with the changes brought about by the successive steps in the progress of the country. At one time he was interested in the production of celery, but when other crops became more profitable he at once turned his attention to them and has made a marked success in raising sugar beets, lima beans and alfalfa. He has erected a comfortable country residence on his ranch, and also improved the place .with barns and other buildings. Some time ago he set out four acres of apricots and they are now bearing profitably. For the past six seasons he has operated a bean thresher in partnership with R. A. Oldfield.

Mr. Chaffee's marriage, which occurred on July 10, 1902, united him with Miss Carrie S. Pullen, who was reared at Areola, Ill., and came to California in 1896. Six children, all boys, have been born to them: Clare S., Harold E., Milton A., Robert A., Walter B., and John D. The family is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Garden Grove. Mr. Chaffee takes an active interest in the development of Garden Grove, particularly in furthering the interests of the Garden Grove Lima Bean Growers Association, which he helped organize, and of which he is the secretary. He is also a member of the Garden Grove Farm Bureau and Chamber of Commerce, and for six years was secretary for the Orange County Farmers Mutual Fire Insurance Company. Mrs. Chaffee justly shares her husband's popularity in the community and the whole family is highly esteemed.

FRED DORN — A liberal-minded, kind-hearted, sterling fellow, who has proven both a builder up and an upbuilder of Anaheim, is Fred Dorn, who was born in Alsace-Lorraine, on March 31, 1867, the son of George Dorn, a native of that country and a stonemason, and also a member of an old family. He married Caroline Smith, a model woman of her land and generation, and one who influenced most helpfully the subject of our sketch. Both parents are now deceased.

Fred, the only one in the United States, to which country he came when he was fifteen, in 1882, attended the public schools of his locality, where he received a good p-rounding in the essentials of education. When he reached Ford County, Ill., he began to work on a farm, and continued his schooling in the winter time. Two years later, he removed to Adams County, Nebr., where he continued to work as a farm hand. He there rented land, raised grain and stock, got more and more familiar with American conditions, and both in his successes and failures prepared himself for the next great step in his career, his removal to the Pacific Coast.

This was effected in 1890, when he removed to California and settled for a while at Fillmore, in Ventura County where he secured ten acres and went in for general farming. At the end of seven years, however, he sold out and moved south to Los Angeles, where he was in the employ of the Santa Fe Railroad Company. He next engaged as a contractor in cement construction, and for another seven years followed that line of activity.

In 1907 he bought his present place of eighteen acres at Anaheim — raw land, where he had to grub out the eucalyptus and the apricot trees from three or more acres. He set out a vineyard, raised stock, had orange trees which he budded to excellent Valencias, so that with the exception of an acre and a half of lemons, he has devoted much of his land to oranges of that type. He belongs to the Mutual Orange Distributors Association, where his experience carries weight.

JOHN C. ELBINGER  — A progressive rancher, who owns twenty well-improved acres, devoted to oranges and walnuts, in the West Anaheim district of Orange County, is John C. Elbinger, a native of Germany, where he first saw the light of day on August 24, 1849. His parents, George and Mary Elbinger, were also natives of Germany and their family consisted of two children, John C. and Elizabeth.

When twenty-six years of age. John C. Elbinger immigrated to the United States so he could enjoy a greater degree of liberty in the pursuit of life and happiness and where so many great opportunities were offered to enterprising and ambitious young men — opportunities such as they could never hope to enjoy in their native land. After his arrival in this country Mr. Elbinger resided for a short time in Kankakee County, Ill., but in March. 1877, migrated to Nebraska, farmed there four years in Saunders County and in 1881 he went to South Dakota where he took up 320 acres of land and engaged in general farming and stockraising. The land was located in territory formerly occupied by Indians. He improved the land, developed the place into a good paying farm and remained in South Dakota for twenty years. Mr. Elbinger's superior business ability and expert knowledge of land values were recognized by his fellow citizens in his election to the important position of county assessor of Douglas County, a post he filled with credit to himself and great satisfaction to the tax-paying public for the period of fifteen years.

During the year 1901, John C. Elbinger moved to the Pacific Coast, coming directly to Riverside County, Cal., where he purchased ten acres, slightly improved, and devoted the ranch exclusively to oranges. Ten acres soon became too small for such an ambitious and progressive man as Mr. Elbinger, he sold it and removed to Orange County where he purchased his present ranch in 1908. The land was partly improved when he took possession, but he began more extensive improvements, setting out walnut and orange trees and in due time developed his place into a most profitable ranch where he has a comfortable house and most pleasant surroundings. His career it but another illustration of what thrift, frugality and well-directed effort, coupled with the judicious management of one's financial affairs, can accomplish.

In 1877 Mr. Elbinger was united in marriage with Miss Marguerite England, this happy union being blessed with a son, George Elbinger, who married Miss Catherine Haas, and they are the parents of twin girls, Elizabeth and Agnes. In 1910 Mr. Elbinger was bereft of his loving and faithful helpmate. During his residence in Orange County he has filled minor offices of trust and responsibility and always manifested a deep concern in the development of the best interests of Orange County.

JOSEPH P. MAYHEW — A self-made, very successful man whose public-spiritedness has actuated him to share with others some of his successful opportunities and, more than once, to point the way so that his fellow-citizens might attain to the same sort of prosperity his foresight enabled him to divine, is Joseph P. Mayhew. who returned to Anaheim and the Orange County country, notwithstanding his good luck further east, because he had received such a favorable impression of Southern California when he first came here to look around. He was born at Calumet, N. V., on December 13. 1852, the son of Mark A. Mayhew, who was born and reared in England, followed a seafaring life for sixteen years, and before he left Great Britain, married Miss Sarah Young, also English by birth. After their eldest son, William A. Mayhew, later a resident of Danville, Ill., had been born, Mr. and Mrs. Mayhew migrated from England, and in 1850 located at Calumet, N. Y., Mr. Mayhew turning his hand to anything which would enable him to support himself and family. Three ears later, he moved west to Illinois and settled near Sheldon, in Iroquois County, and there bought forty acres of raw land upon which he put up a log cabin. He steadily improved his farm and also added to it, until he had 120 acres; prospering to a happy degree, save in the death of his devoted wife, in 1866. Just forty years later, on April 21, he closed his own career in death.

These worthy British-Americans had six sons and one daughter, and Joseph was the second in the order of birth. He was reared near Sheldon, attended the primitive schools of that locality and period, and assisted his father at home until his twenty-first year. Three days before Christmas, in 1873, at Clifton, Ill., he married Miss Nancy A. Karnes, a native of Momence, Ill., who was reared in Illinois, receiving most of her education in Kankakee County, III. Her father was John Karnes, while the maiden name of her mother was Mary Reynolds. After marrying, they rented land for three years in Iroquois County, and then purchased and developed eighty acres of prairie land which Air. Mayhew in two short years made highly productive.

Having rented his farm. Mr. Mayhew in February. 1879 joined the Rinehart family, his wife's adopted parents, and removed to Nebraska, where they located in Seward County, and there for a while again rented land. Then he purchased eighty acres, which he improved and lived upon until the late eighties. About that time, he came out to California and to Anaheim, and what he saw here so favorably impressed him that he decided to remove to the Coast as soon as he could afford to do so. He returned, however, to Nebraska, devoting his time to buying and shipping live stock to South Omaha and Chicago; his headquarters were at Beaver Crossing. Nebr.; here lie continued with success until 1907, when he came out to Anaheim for good.

While on a second trip to California in 1893, Mr. Mayhew had purchased forty acres of unimproved land, and on his return he bought a number of town lots and a ranch of fifteen acres east of Anaheim, now rich with full-bearing Valencia oranges. When he started in Nebraska as a young man. Mr. Mayhew had less than ten dollars in his pocket: but by hard, honest work and care to look ahead, he built up a large trade shipping stock and poultry, averaging as much as $13,000 worth a month. Since his advent in Orange County, Mr. Mayhew has speculated a good deal in real estate, and has always been phenomenally successful. Mr. and Mrs. Mayhew are members of the First Christian Church at. Anaheim, and he is a Mason, retaining his membership in Prudence Lodge No. 179, A. F. & A. M. at Beaver Crossing, Neb.  A brother of Mrs. Mayhew, John E. Karnes has been a well-known business man of Santa Rosa.

WESLEY C. HEFFERN — A far-seeing, well-posted oil man, whose good judgment is appreciated by all who have to do with him, is Wesley C. Heffern, who was born near Oil City, Venango County, Pa., on October 6, 1875, His father, George Heffern, of Scotch-Irish descent, was born near Meadville, Crawford County, Pa., and was for some years a farmer and stock raiser engaged in the wholesale cattle business. Then he became an oil man — an oil producer and a contractor in the oil fields, and still later, he took up the wholesaling of cattle again, and made his headquarters at Oil City until he died. Sad to relate, he met his death in a tragic manner, gored by an infuriated bull. Wesley's mother, Rebecca Bishop before her marriage, was a native of Pennsylvania, having been born near Pittsburgh; and she now resides in Oil City, the mother of fourteen children, thirteen of whom grew up, while eleven are still living.

Wesley was the seventh eldest, and was sent to the public schools of Oil City. From a lad, however, he learned the oil trade, and when only twelve years of age entered the office of the Standard Oil Company, in the beginning running an elevator in their first building in Oil City, and then acting as office boy in the company's offices. Then he went out to work on their lease, beginning with the wells from the bottom up.

In 1902,  the company sent Mr. Heflfern to Bakersfield, Cal., and for six years he worked for them in this state. He operated, by contract, the pipe lines, stations and reservoirs and tanks between Bakersfield and Coalinga, and also between Bakersfield and Point Richmond for the Standard Oil Company.

In 1908 he left the Standard's service, and struck out into the Lost Hills and other places, where he made several locations which later were demonstrated to be good gas and oil territory. Among others, he located the land that eventually came in as the Lake View Gusher, and tried to interest Bakersfield capital; but they laughed at him and turned him down, and he had to let it go back — could not hold it. He finally succeeded in selling some of his locations, and settled in San Diego, where he bought a residence. He also purchased a ranch in the Imperial Valley, and one near San Diego, devoted to fruit and vegetables.

In 1914, Mr. Heffern went to Texas and leased 110.000 acres of land for oil prospecting; but he could not get capital interested in them, and again he had to let the opportunity and fortune go, for wells are now as thick as peas in that same great field. As early as 1912. he had come to Orange County to look over some oil property for certain San Diego parties; and, becoming especially interested, he made several trips here, and from personal observation and investigation, chose the territory east of Placentia as best of all for oil prospects.

In 1916, Mr. Heffern removed from San Diego to Orange County, and now resides on his orange grove ranch southeast of Placentia. It was Mr. Heffern who first selected the location, and interested the Union Oil Company in the Chapman well area. He obtained leases here, and in 1919 formed the Heffern Oil Company, which is now drilling for and developing oil on his own property. Having thus run the course of this thirteen years of very valuable experience, Mr. Heffern has become one of the best-posted oil men in the state, and one in whom the small and the large investor may well have confidence.

At San Diego Mr. Heffern was married to Miss Pauline Schnepp, a native of that city, and a lady of accomplishment; and they have had three children, Marie, Dick and Margerie. The family attends the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Heffern in national political campaigns marches under the banners of the Republican party.

CHALMERS T. FOSTER — One of the attractive ranches for its size in Orange County, which until 1910 was a mere beet field, is that owned by Chalmers T. Foster, who resides on South Brook Hurst near Anaheim, where he cultivates sixteen acres devoted to citrus fruits. The first thing that he did, on acquiring the land, was to set out orange trees of the choicest and most promising variety he could find; and today, in the large field of the most luscious products, he is reaping the reward of his foresight, confidence and intelligent labor.

He is a native of Indiana, where he was born in 1856, a son of William L. Foster. His mother died when he was an infant. He was reared and educated in Indiana, and in 1903 removed from the Hoosier State to Washington, and there in the Palouse country engaged in mercantile business. Aside from that venture, Mr. Foster has always been identified with farming, or some feature of the agricultural industries. During his stay in Washington, for example, he also shipped veal and poultry to the market, and this added considerably to his experience.

Mr. Foster belongs to that superior, although unpretentious class of farmers who are willing to make some sacrifice to establish themselves on the best basis, and who then take pride in keeping their places in apple-pie order. He has an adequate well, sunk to the depth of 180 feet, with a ten-inch bore, affording seventy-five inches of water, and a first-class pumping plant, easily operated and dependable. He has a full complement of machinery and implements, and aims to keep everything in the best of order. He is a member of the Garden Grove Orange Association, the Orange County Produce Association, and vigorously supports any movement for the development of California husbandry, especially within his particular fields.

The marriage of Mr. Foster occurred in 1881, when he was united with Miss Catherine McClurkin, a native of Indiana, and three children have blessed their fortunate union. They are W. Vern, who assists his father; Rachel, a graduate from the Indiana State University and living at home; and Homer Foster, the latter a teacher in the Anaheim high school. He is a graduate of the Washington State College. As a citizen of standards and attainments, Mr. Foster is also a model to others in good citizenship.

THOMAS JOHN McCARTER — The cultivation of English walnuts and Valencia oranges, now among the important industries of Southern California, giving much promise of further advancement, has been greatly promoted by just such experienced, aggressive and progressive agriculturists as Thomas J. McCarter, who owns and operates two ranches near Santa Ana, one of fifteen and the other sixteen acres, devoted to the growing of the above products. The exclusion of other products is due to Mr. McCarter's conviction that the heavy rich soil of the locality is better adapted to the growing of walnuts and citrus fruits than the general run of deciduous varieties.

Thomas McCarter was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, on July 10, 1850, a son of Joseph McCarter, a native of Scotland, who came to the United States and in this country married Eleanor Jane Reed, who was born on board a vessel on the Atlantic Ocean of Scotch-Irish parents. They had three children, and of these three, our subject and a sister, Mary Jane, survive. Mr. McCarter, the only one of the family residing in California, was reared and educated in Branch County, Mich., having removed there with his parents when quite young. In 1866 the family removed to Monroe County, Iowa, and later to Dade County, Mo., and finally to Cloud County, Kans., in 1872. Here Thomas McCarter homesteaded 160 acres of land and turned the first furrow, but the first crop was destroyed by grasshoppers. Nothing daunted, he persevered and succeeded in improving the place so that at the end of ten years he sold it to advantage. He then purchased eighty acres near Clay Center, Clay County, where he farmed until 1894, when he sold it and returned to Cloud County and bought a 200-acre farm adjoining his old homestead, where he continued general farming.

Mr. McCarter and his wife had always had a desire to make their home in California, so in February, 1903, they arrived in Orange County and were so delighted with the country that they sold their Kansas farm the next month. Having $4,000 to start with, he made a payment on thirty acres of raw stubble land on Ritchey Street, southeast of Santa Ana. By hard work, close application and economy, and aided by his wife and children, he has become a substantial and well-to-do man. He sold half of the acreage, so has fifteen acres left, which he has improved and beautified and now he has a comfortable home, which with its surroundings is just such a homestead as has always been a show place for those wishing to see what California can do for the settler. He also owns sixteen acres on McFadden and William streets, both places being devoted to raising walnuts and oranges. Aside from his present places Mr. McCarter bought and improved forty acres on the Newport Road, also twelve and a half acres on East McFadden Street, as well as improving half of his first ranch, which were sold at a good profit. In addition to the above, Mr. McCarter owned and improved about 100 acres located ten miles northwest of Fresno, where he resided with his family for about two and one-half years, setting it to figs and erecting a comfortable residence as well as other necessary buildings. However, having a decided preference for the climate in Orange County he sold the fig garden at a good profit and retired to his homestead in 1919.

In Dade County, Mo., in 1872, Mr. McCarter was married to Miss Mary Ellen Dunn, born in Iowa, the daughter of John and Elizabeth (Tedford) Dunn, natives of Pennsylvania and Tennessee, respectively, who spent their last days in comfort with Mr. and Mrs. McCarter in their California home. The father died in October, 1919, at the age of ninety-two and a half years, the mother preceding him, having passed away in 1916. at the age of eighty-six. Thirteen children blessed the happy union of Mr. and Mrs. McCarter as follows; James Ira, who is residing in Fresno County; Etta Dell, deceased; Thomas R. of Whittier; John G., deceased; twins, who died in infancy; Ida May is Mrs. Binkley of Fresno; Frank of Santa Ana; Eugene L. of Tustin; Elizabeth M. is Mrs. Hatch, who lives near Tustin; Mary, who assists her mother in presiding over the home; Irving of Fresno; while Albert, the youngest, is manfully assisting his father to care for and enhance the value of their ranch property.

Mr. and Mrs. McCarter never regret having selected Orange County for their permanent home, for it has made life more pleasant to them and has not only crowned their efforts with success, but has enabled them to secure for their children the education their ambitions had planned and desired. Mr. McCarter and his family have always endeavored to stand for the highest and best in social and civic life and are among those whose influence for good in any community is of the most desirable, for it affects not only the generation in which they live and move, but also posterity coming after and inheriting the good or the evil sown by those who have gone before. A Covenanter — that is, a member of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, Mr. McCarter has also been a prohibitionist of the most pronounced type and has never swerved when called upon to do his duty in the councils of the church and state. Santa Ana could not felicitate itself, therefore, with more assurance and satisfaction than in the coming to Orange County of this fearless and broadly progressive pioneer.

THOMAS R. MORRIS — Ten years' experience in the business of poultry raising has given Thomas R. Morris, of Cypress district, a thorough knowledge of this vocation, yet, withal, experience has taught him that there is always something to learn in the business. .

His ranch, situated about one mile west of Cypress, comprises ten acres, and he owns in addition eight acres in another place. His hens, single-comb White Leghorns, are first-class layers, and number 1,800, with sixty males. He buys his feed by the carload, does his own grinding and raises his green feed, as well as some corn. His houses cover an area of 5,000 square feet. He sells eggs and does hatching for commercial purposes.

Mr. Morris, who is a native Kentuckian, was born on February 23, 1883, and is the only child of Allen G. and Henrietta Morris. He acquired his education in his native state, and has since been engaged principally in agricultural pursuits. He came to Orange County, Cal., in 1904, and in 1910 was happily united in marriage with Miss Juliett Hobbs, a native of Texas. Two children, Virginia and Marion by name, have blessed this union. Mr. Morris's love for the work in which he is engaged has played an important part in bringing the success which he has deservedly won. He is among the progressive poultrymen of his district and enjoys the full confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens.

MAAG RANCH — Whoever is looking for a "show place" in Orange County will find himself well rewarded by a visit to the famous Maag Ranch, jointly and equally owned by the three brothers, William H., Joe A. and George W. Maag, widely known as belonging to the most progressive and most representative of Southern Californians. It lies four miles north of Olive, on the Santa Ana Canyon Boulevard, and includes 124 acres in the Santa Ana Canyon.

Joe A. Maag, the eldest of the three enterprising young men, was born a native son, proud of his association with the Golden State, and of whom California may well be proud, at Orange, on June 20, 1890, attended the usual schools in Orange, and completed a course at the Orange County Business College. He spent his boyhood days at home, and contributed his full share to the "life" of the community in which he grew up. He could not fail to attain social popularity, and he is a popular member of the Santa Ana lodge of Elks.

William H., his brother, was also born at Orange, his birthday falling on February 6, 1894, and having attended the grade schools of Orange, he also went to and completed a course at the Orange County Business College, having in the meanwhile snatched at and secured fame in athletic sports. He ranched with his father until 1915, and on July 11, 1917, was married to Miss Katherine Kramer, a native of Illinois, who is a fine musician. This fortunate union has been blessed with one child, a little girl, Edwina Mary. Mrs. Maag's parents are residents of Santa Ana, and her father, M. Kramer, is a builder and carpenter of acknowledged ability.

George William Maag was born at Orange, and enjoyed the same educational advantages as his two brothers, and he also helped at home until he was twenty-one years of age. All three of these "good fellows" are valued members of the Knights of Columbus in Santa Ana.

Fifty of the 124 acres of the Maag Ranch have full-bearing Valencia orange . trees, while forty acres are planted to full-bearing lemons. The wide-awake brothers, who believe in the old motto, "In union there is strength," have succeeded because they understand modern business methods, share the burden of all responsibility, and link their experience with hard work. Successful disposition of their crops is obtained through the Olive Heights Citrus Association at Olive. The remaining thirty-four acres of their beautiful farm is on the Santa Ana River, and is used for general farming. An interesting feature, and a very profitable one, is the source of their irrigating water. This is obtained from three wells, situated about fifteen to eighteen feet apart, and sunk near the river, which gives a never-failing supply lifted in a steady stream of seventy-five miner's inches, by a Gould suction pump, an indispensable part of the farm plant that is kept in action throughout the summer months. Then the concrete pipe line running throughout the citrus groves evenly distributes the water. Besides two head of horses and two mules, the Maag Brothers use a couple of up-to-date tractors.

William H. Maag lives in a beautiful modern bungalow, nicely located on the north side of the Santa Ana Boulevard, with a yard that is laid out symmetrically, and is an ornament to the place. A well there supplies the best of water for domestic use.

Orange County is fortunate in such progressive, aggressive young citizens as the Maag Brothers, with their ambition to attain only the highest results in their field, and to contribute something worth while to the development of the state in which they live and thrive.

YARD W. HANNUM — A well-trained and thoroughly efficient public official is Yard W. Hannum, the city electrician and superintendent of the Municipal Power House at Anaheim. He was born in Hart, Oceana County, Mich., on June 28, 1883, and reared and educated there, duly graduating from the local high school. Then he went to New York City and took the excellent courses at the New York Electrical School; and from 1910 he was employed in the electrical department of the Union Carbide Company at Sault Saint Marie, Mich., after which he was a year with the Algoma Steel Company on the Canadian side.

In the fall of 1911, Mr. Hannum came to California and entered the service of the Pacific Electric Railroad Company, Los Angeles, giving them a year in their electrical department, in installation work at the substation. On August 12, 1912, he came to Anaheim and commenced to work for the municipality. He began in a somewhat subordinate capacity, as one of the engineers, then as foreman, and gradually and properly worked his way up to his present responsible post, to which he was appointed in February, 1917.

Mr. Hannum has charge of the operation of the power plant, and is also responsible for electrical inspection of the city so that, with the necessity of keeping thoroughly apace with the last word of science and mechanics, and the actual labor of installing, repairing and renewing parts of the system, it will be seen that he is a very busy man. Fortunately for the city of Anaheim, he had years of most valuable experience before he came, to which his day and night labors are constantly adding, and he is fond of hard work, and both mentally and physically able to bear the strain.

In December, 1912, Mr. Hannum was married to Miss Bessie T. Palmiter of Hart. Mich., a charming lady capable at all times of creating for herself a desirable circle of devoted friends, and herself devoted to others, and ready for any good work. Mr. Hannum belongs to the Wigton Lodge No. 251, F. & A. M., at Hart, Mich., and to Anaheim Lodge No. 1345 of the Elks.

THEODORE GREGER — A valued employee of the Pacific Electric Railway for many years who, by improving a grove of Valencia orange trees until it is now one of the finest for its size in the county, has proven himself a successful man in another field, is Theodore Greger, who was born in West Prussia, Germany, on May 13, 1870, and, after the death of his parents, came to America at the age of nine, accompanied by his little sister, then only seven years of age. His father, Arthur Greger, had followed farming, and was killed in a distressing accident when a load of hay toppled and the tine of a fork entered his body, so that he died a year later, in 1879, from the wound. The very next year after this disaster befell Mr. Greger his wife died from a fall. These worthy people had five children; and as Theodore and Bertha were the youngest, they were sent to an uncle, the other three coming later.

They arrived in Baltimore in January, 1881, and then traveled on to Milwaukee, and there they were received by their uncle, August Greger, who lived at Ripon, Wis. They found a good home there, helped what they could by day, and went to school at night. At the end of six years, when Theodore was in the middle of his teens, he came on to Washington and found work in a sawmill. Then he clerked in a grocery store at Tacoma, and after that went back east to Augusta, Wis., and worked for a year as a clerk.

His next move was to Milwaukee, where he became a motorman on the Milwaukee Street Railway; and for twelve years and a half he gave them his best service, and was lucky in not having a single accident. In 1907, he swung away from his Wisconsin moorings, and. reached Los Angeles, where he found no difficulty in obtaining a post as motorman on the Pacific Electric Railway. After six years, he was made assistant depot master at the Main Street station; and that additional responsibility he met to the satisfaction of everyone for two years.

On May 1, 1917, Mr. Greger resigned, to give all his attention to the ranch of eight acres he had bought in 1909, and had since handsomely improved. It was located at the corner of Olive and Sunkist avenues in East Anaheim, and was raw land when he first took it. He had it leveled and set out Valencia orange trees, put in a cement pipe line and otherwise improved it, and during his busy railroad life, he never lost a tree. He built a residence, and was soon envied by his friends on account of his trim little estate. He also owned a residence at the corner of West Forty-eighth Street and Second Avenue, in Los Angeles. In addition, he owns another five acres near his place, which he also set out to Valencia oranges, and ten acres on North Street with Valencia orange trees six years old.

At Cooperstown, Wis.. Mr. Greger was married to Miss Hulda Voeltz. a native of that city, and their fortunate union was blessed with the gift of four sons. Henry is ranching on his father's place; Arthur is a conductor on the Los Angeles Street Railway; William is office man for Richards' Express, in Los Angeles; and Elmer also assists his father.

Mr. Greger is a Lutheran in his preference for congregational worship, a Republican in matters of national politics, and a member of the Independent Foresters of America in Milwaukee: and first, last and all the time, he is an American, who finds his highest pleasure as a citizen in standing for American institutions, and in boosting Orange County and California.

MRS. OTTILIE KENNING — A very interesting woman of exceptional business ability who has unlimited faith in the future of Orange County is Mrs. Ottilie Henning, a daughter of Rev. Adolph and Juliana ( Dinkier) Weinknecht. Her father was for nineteen years a minister in the German Lutheran Church. Although a comparatively young man, he had attained some reputation for unusual ability, and his death, when our subject was about three years of age, was widely deplored. Three of his children grew to maturity, and among them Ottilie was next to the youngest. She was reared at Hertzfelde near Berlin, Germany, and early had the best of public school educational advantages, and in 1899 came to California and Anaheim, where she met and married Louis Henning. Seven children resulted from their union, and each has won a place in the hearts of those knowing them. Walter assists his mother in the problems and work of ranching. Of the twins. Henry is in the Anaheim high school and Martha assists her mother to preside over the household: Otto is also a student at the Anaheim high school; and there are Arthur. Annie and Richard. Mrs. Henning belongs to the Anaheim Lutheran Church, and is active in the Ladies' Society of that congregation, and she is also a Republican with strong Protectionist views.

Since her marriage, Mrs. Henning has been deeply interested in agriculture and especially in horticulture, and she now owns three fine ranches devoted to the culture of Valencia and Navel oranges, lemons and walnuts — property as fine as any highly-cultivated ranchland in Southern California. On the home place, located on Olive Boulevard, she has just completed a large, beautiful modern residence of mission style of architecture built of concrete, making it one of the most beautiful country homes in the county. In this age of the new woman, the scientific and commercial accomplishments of Mrs. Henning are of such exceptional interest that Anaheim cannot fail to be proud of her as one of the representative citizens of town and county.

A. F. PLEGEL — A prominent and influential orange grower, whose success in contributing definitely toward the development of Orange County is undoubtedly due to the investment of his foresight and hard labor in clearing the land of cactus and sagebrush, and thereby producing some very valuable acreage for orange groves, is A. F. Plegel, who came to Orange County in the early nineties. He was born in Germany in 1887. the son of a worthy burgher of that country, who died there. Later, his widow, the mother of our subject, brought her only child to America, and arrived in California in 1892. At Orange, Mrs. Plegel married a second time, taking Emil Krueger for her husband; and they improved a ranch and followed farming, in East Orange. This first place of theirs, where they now reside, consists of twenty acres; and when they had made a success of that, they improved several other places.

A. F. Plegel was reared in Orange, attended the local public schools, and from a lad learned horticulture and nurserying, and for four or five years he was employed by George B. Warner in Santa Ana, in the work of grafting and budding. By 1907 he had sufficiently advanced that he was able to buy his place of twenty acres on Commonwealth Avenue, near North; like so many other places hereabouts at that time, it was merely cactus and sagebrush, but he settled there, built a dwelling, cleared and leveled the land, and sunk a well which is now pumped out by electrical power, irrigating his own place and 140 acres more. His plant has a stream of 100 inches, and he has been able to raise from 2,000 to 3,000 sacks of potatoes a year.

Mr. Plegel has a thorough knowledge of horticulture and the nursery business. from its first stages up, and at first commenced his nursery solely for himself. His output, however, was in excess of his needs, and the reputation he acquired for skill traveled abroad, until others insisted on his giving them the benefit of his experience. He belongs to the Mutual Orange Distributors Exchange, and is often a leader in its activities.

At Orange, Mr. Plegel was married to Miss Paula Simon, a native of Germany, and three children have blessed the choice. They are Carl, Arnold and Emil, and with their parents they attend the Anaheim Lutheran Church. In national politics a Republican, Mr. Plegel allows no partisanship to interfere at any time with his "boosting" of local projects meeting the approval of the intelligent portion of the community.

FRANK NELSON GIBBS — The development of Anaheim and, indeed, neighboring towns as residential and business centers is due in part to the excellent facilities for building afforded by such concerns as the Gibbs Lumber Yard, of which Frank Nelson Gibbs, the city trustee, is proprietor. He was born in Evanston, Ill., on March 9, 1880, and his father was Oscar L. Gibbs, well known in the business world, and chairman of the Evanston Board of Trade. He had married Miss Lillian N. Goodenow, a lady of attractive personality, who survives him. There were five children in the family, and Frank is the oldest now living.

His schooling began in Arizona, but when his father died and the family moved to California, he attended the schools of Los Angeles. In 1893 he began work in a planing mill, and then, still in that city, he went into the dry goods business. Afterward, he took up the handling of lumber, and in 1911 came to Anaheim, where he built his lumber yard. Soon afterward, he opened a yard at Fullerton and one at Placentia. He employs five men, and they are kept busy serving an ever-increasing number of patrons. The fact that Mr. Gibbs is. on the one hand, so well posted in the lumber trade, and that, on the other, he is intensely interested in the growth and expansion of Orange County, and has abundant faith in its future, and is always willing to cooperate in the advancement of the region, operate to his rendering the greatest service possible to his townsmen and business establishments and movements making for progress here. His election, in 1918, to the city council for a term of four years is a testimonial evidencing the confidence of those living near and dealing with him. In national politics a Republican, he is at all times above petty partisanship.

On September 4, 1906, at Los Angeles, Cal.. Mr. Gibbs married Miss Elsie L. Goodhue, a native of Vermont, and the daughter of W. T. and Ellen E. Goodhue, and they have had three children — Oscar L., Ellen E. and Caroline A. The family attend the Presbyterian Church, of which Mr. Gibbs is an elder, and where as superintendent of the Bible School, he is deeply interested in Sunday school work. He belongs to the Masons, Lodge, Chapter and Council, and the Mother Colony Club.

HENRY MARQUART  — Among the Wisconsin boys who are coming rapidly to the front in Orange County, Cal., is numbered Henry Marquart, a successful citrus grower and the owner of twenty-five acres in two places in Olive precinct. He was born at Lomira, Dodge County, Wis., of German and French lineage. His grandfather, Peter, was a tailor in the old country and continued the occupation after coming to America. The father, Ferdinand Marquart, was born in Westphalia. Germany, and was seven years old when he accompanied his parents to the New World, where they located in Dodge County, Wis. Ferdinand grew to manhood, was a farmer, and married Miss Mary Schultz, and they became the parents of eight children, five of whom grew to maturity — three boys and two girls.

Henry is the oldest son in the Marquart family, and was reared on a southern Wisconsin farm. He passed the teacher's examination and taught school in his home county in Wisconsin, putting in his time between terms working on his father's farm, until coming to California in May, 1906. For nine months he worked in various places, familiarizing himself with orchard work, all the while looking for a good place to locate and buy a ranch. He saw the fifteen-acre ranch that he now owns and resolved to buy it. Five acres of the ranch were planted to Navel oranges, which he has budded over to Valencias. The other trees were at that time affected with the San Jose scale, and it took some time to get them back into bearing. The five acres of Va!encias are in good bearing, and the remainder of the place is planted to lemons, walnuts and Valencia oranges. In 1919 Mr. Marquart bought a ten-acre Valencia grove about half a mile from his fifteen-acre home place. It is now five years old and is just coming into bearing. His place is in first-class shape, well kept and a model in every way.

His marriage occurred in 1917 and united him with Miss Lillie Schroeder, daughter of Fred Schroeder of Santa Ana, and they have a son named Wesley Martin. Mr. Marquart is a young man of excellent educational attainments, and is giving his best efforts to the citrus and walnut industries. He is not afraid of work and knows how to work to the best advantage. He has built a beautiful and commodious country residence upon his fifteen-acre ranch, where he resides with his wife and child. The residence is located on the north side of Taft Avenue, west of Tustin Street, in the very heart of the citrus belt of Orange County. Mr. Marquart is an indefatigable worker and possesses a streak of dry humor. He is well liked, and his quickness of perception enables him to see and to grasp an opportunity at the opportune moment. He is a member of the Santiago Orange Association and of the Evangelical Church of Santa Ana. In national politics he is a Republican.

PHILIP KOZINA  — A worthy representative of the foreign-born American who is thoroughly Americanized, assimilates American ideas and associates with American citizens is Philip Kozina. His fine twenty-acre ranch on Santiago Boulevard in Villa Park Precinct is planted to sixteen acres of Valencias, three acres of Navel orange trees and one acre of lemon trees. He has lived on the property for the past seventeen years, has prospered, and is satisfied with his environment amidst the orange trees and roses.

A Czecho-Slovak. Mr. Kozina was born in Pilsen, Bohemia. February I5,1855, the son of John and Annie (Suckop) Kozina. who were married in Bohemia and were the parents of four sons. By a singular coincidence. Philip Kozina is also the father of four children, all boys. Mr. Kozina received a good education in the local schools, after which he learned the wagonmaker's trade. From the age of twenty to twenty-three he served in the Austrian army as a corporal in the Fourth Heavy Artillery, after which he followed the carpenter's trade until he came to America in 1883, and settled at Portage City. Wis., where his uncle and aunt were residing at that time, and here he embraced the first opportunity to become a naturalized American citizen. He worked at the carpenter's trade five years in Portage City, then went to Green Bay, Kewanee County, Wis., where he met and married Miss Katie Kulhanek, also born in Bohemia, who came when two years old with her parents to Wisconsin. The four sons resulting from their union are: Jacob, a stock raiser at Philipsburg, Mont.; Henry, a rancher in Olive precinct, who married Mrs. Antonia Blazac. and is the father of two children; Joe, who is on the Orpheum and Pantages vaudeville circuits, entertaining as a song and banjo artist, and traveling all over the Union, and Albert, who is at home, and who was in the aviation service from which he was honorably discharged.

After his marriage Mr. Kozina continued the vocation of carpentering at Ashland, Wis., and afterwards went to Stanleysville, Kewanee County, Wis., and took charge of the farm of his father-in-law, who was getting along in years. He operated the farm for fifteen years, then sold out and came to California in 1904, first locating at Tustin. Becoming acquainted at Villa Park, he purchased and located on his twenty-acre ranch, which he has improved. His father-in-law. Mr. Matthis Kulhanek, who has attained the advanced age of eighty-four, makes his home with Mr. Kozina. On July 4, 1920, Mr. Kozina was bereaved of his faithful wife, who was mourned by the family and friends. Mr. Kozina is a member of the Central Lemon Growers Association, and in politics affiliates with the Democratic party. Though reared in the Catholic faith, the family attend the Community Congregational Church at Villa Park. They are gifted musically and the children are favorites in social circles.

DAVID MITCHELL — Of Scotch birth and lineage, David Mitchell was born in County of Fyfe, Scotland on January 4, 1860, the son of David and Elizabeth Mitchell, natives of that country, who lived and died in the land of their nativity. Of their family of five children David is the only one living in California. He resides south of Buena Park on his forty-acre ranch, which is devoted to general farming, including the raising of chili peppers and tomatoes and has the best of facilities for realizing the greatest returns from a minimum amount of labor. There are two wells for irrigation upon the place, one with a depth of 500 feet, and the other 250 feet.

When he was twenty-five years of age. Mr. Mitchell left his native land and went to Canada where he worked in the stone quarries for about four years, then he made a visit back to his home and spent the winter. He then came to the ''States" and located in Cleveland, Ohio, where he was in the employ of the Cleveland Stone Company for two years. Leaving there he next went to Iowa and worked for a St. Louis firm as a quarryman until he migrated to Flagstaff, Ariz., to accept the position of superintendent of the Arizona Sand Stone Company's quarries. This company was made up of Orange County, Cal., men and they had met Mr. Mitchell through a recommendation from his former company in Cleveland. This company employed as many as eighty men in their quarries and they got out the stone that was used in the construction of the Orange County court house, the Los Angeles County court house and the city hall of that city. The last big job that Mr. Mitchell filled was the stone for the present postoffice building in Los Angeles. The stone for the Spreckels mansion in San Francisco, also came from this company, in fact they shipped stone all over the country where high class material was required.

Mr. Mitchell became interested in Orange Country ranch land through his visits to the members of the company by whom he was employed and he bought forty acres, in 1893, south of Buena Park and located his family on it and began developing the tract. He made frequent visits to his family and in 1910 left the employ of the company and located permanently on his ranch and began development on a sound basis and has made of his place a valuable ranch and a good producer. He has also taken a live interest in the affairs of the county and can be counted on to help with all movements for the betterment of conditions in general and has made a host of friends who appreciate his true worth.

His marriage with Miss Mary Vangendern in 1890, daughter of John Vangendern, resulted in the birth of nine children: David, Ira, John, William, Elizabeth, Jennie, Cornelius, Edna and George, all single and educated in the schools of Orange County. David and Ira were in the U. S. service during the recent World War. David was in constructive work continually during his two years service with the Twentieth Corps of Engineers in France. Ira served in the Engineers' Corps of the spruce squadron at Washington.

History of Orange County, California: Samuel Armor

Historic Record Company, Los Angeles, CA 1921

Transcribed by: Marianne Swan, June 2009 : Pages - 983-1056

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                                                                                          Martha A Crosley Graham
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