EMANUEL C. FRANZEN — There is always something inspiring to the historian in writing of a man who has made his own way in a successful battle with the world, despite, too, the moments when the issues depended altogether on the pluck and tenacity of the contestant. Emanuel C. Franzen, who owns a beautiful ranch and home site at the corner of Fairhaven and Yorba avenues, is one of those whose intelligence and hardihood have carried him through to the goal, and one with whom it is ever a pleasure to come into close contact.

He was born near Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, November 13, 1867, and is the son of Asnius Franzen, also born there of an old Danish family, who married one of his countrywomen, Miss Dorothea Schmidt. In 1879 the family came to Sycamore, DeKalb County, Ill., and in 1880 to Columbus Junction, Louisa County, Iowa, where he followed farming until 1889, when they came to Orange, Cal., and was engaged in horticulture until he retired. He had served in the Schleswig-Holstein War in 1864-66, and also in the Franco-Prussian War. The mother died in March, 1913, while the father died in 1916. They had four children, among whom our subject is the only son. Besides Emanuel C. Franzen, who is the eldest, two are living: Mrs. Christine Cox of Santa Ana, and Mrs. Minnie Rohrs of Orange. Emanuel C. Franzen was twelve years of age when he came to the United States, and he attended the public schools in Illinois and Iowa, and during spare time worked on his father's farm. In 1887 he came to Orange, arriving on November 7 of that year. He began work in orchards, so has been associated with citrus growing since 1887. As was the custom, his wages went to his father until he was twenty-one years of age, when he engaged in farming for himself. He worked on a farm nine months, was employed for two years on a ranch in Villa Park, when he went to Los Angeles and worked for Phil Hirschfeld and Company (now Zellerbach). While there he attended the Los Angeles Business College at night after work was over. After being employed for two years at Hirschfeld & Company he returned to Orange. In 1890 he bought his present ten acres of land on Fairhaven and Yorba avenues. He grubbed out the deciduous and eucalyptus trees and raised farm produce. In 1894 he set five acres of apricots, but when they began bearing the price of apricots was so low it did not pay, so he took them out and set out Valencia oranges, and now he has a splendid bearing orange grove of ten acres under the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company. He has built a large modern residence, as well as improved it with other suitable farm buildings.

At, Orange on July 11, 1895, Mr. Franzen was united in marriage with Miss Emilie Engelbert, a daughter of Rev. William P. and Catherine (Deitz) Engelbert. William P. Engelbert was a graduate of Concordia College, Fort Wayne, Ind., and was a minister in the German Lutheran Church, preaching in one congregation in Ohio for eight years, then was called to Racine, Wis., where he founded St. John's Lutheran Church, and under his guidance it became a power for good, and he continued as their much loved pastor for seventeen years, until his death December 30, 1878. His widow spent her last days in Los Angeles, and died September 26, 1890. They had ten children, eight of whom grew up and three are still living. Besides Mrs. Franzen there is a sister, Mrs. Pauline Eifler of Los Angeles, and a brother, Rev. Ferdinand Engelbert, pastor of the Lutheran Church at Braddock, Pa. Mrs. Franzen was born in Racine, Wis., and there received a good education, coming to Orange County, Cal., with her mother in 1887, and it was here she met Mr. Franzen, their acquaintance resulting in their marriage, and of their union three children have been born, Lillian, Alma and Herman.

Mr. Franzen has been a member of the McPherson Heights Citrus Association from its organization, and being interested in the cause of education, has served as a trustee of the El Modena school district for eight years. The family are members of St. Peter's Lutheran Church at Santa Ana, Mr. Franzen being a member of its board of trustees, while Mrs. Franzen is an active member and ex-secretary of the Ladies' Aid Society and an active Sunday School worker, and their daughter. Mrs. Alma Reusch, is the organist.

WILLIAM T. NEWLAND — A pioneer settler of Orange County who has watched and aided its growth from a primitive condition to its present state of perfection, is William T. Newland, since 1882 a resident of California. A native of Adams County, Ill., Mr. Newland was born at Camp Point, a short distance from Quincy. He is descended from Revolutionary stock and his father, John Newland, a native of Pennsylvania, served in the Third Missouri Cavalry in the Civil War, and died during his service. John Newland had married Mary Wortick, also a native of Pennsylvania, and of the six children born to them, William T., the subject of this sketch, was the eldest. He was only eleven years old when his father left home to enlist and his death a little more than two years later left him the practical head of the little family and it became necessary to assist his mother in caring for the younger children; but this seeming handicap only developed his self-reliance and gave him the determination to succeed. When Mr. Newland was seventeen years old he went to Morgan County, Ill., and began working on the farm of John M. DeLapp for thirteen dollars and a half a month, sending this money home to his widowed mother until her death two years later. When Mr. Newland was twenty-five years of age he was married to Mary Juanita DeLapp, the daughter of his employer.

After Mr. Newland's marriage he continued to farm in Morgan County until 1882, when he sold out his holdings there and removed to California. The first eight months were spent at Half Moon Bay, and then he came to Los Angeles and bought an eighty acre farm one mile west of Compton. In 1886 he came to what is now Orange County and leased land from James Irvine, where Mr. Newland cleared and broke the land and put in the first large crop of barley raised on it. Afterwards he came up to his present location near what is now Huntington Beach and bought a tract of 520 acres; mostly tule land, and for the most part considered valueless. But with the native perspicacity and foresight which has always insured his success, Mr. Newland saw its possibilities and with his neighbors cut a ditch system, cleared and improved the land, and for some time made a very profitable venture in the raising of celery. Later he engaged extensively in the raising of sugar beets, in one year netting $35,000 from this crop, and of late years he has devoted quite an acreage to raising lima beans.

Mr. Newland was at one time president of the First National Bank of Huntington Beach. Always appreciating the necessity and importance of good roads, he has served on the county highway commission, and it was during his tenure of office that the county bond issue went through, appropriating the sum of $2,500,000 for 146 miles of road in Orange County. He is a trustee of the Huntington Beach high school. At present he is a director and one of the largest stockholders of the Huntington Beach Linoleum Company. In July, 1916, accompanied by Mrs. Newland, he made a trip to Astanchia Valley, N. M., and there bought a tract of 2,500 acres of land. 

Mr. and Mrs. Newland are the parents of ten children: Clara is the wife of P. A. Isenor, a rancher at Talbert; Wilmuth is the wife of Irving Thompon, who lives at El Toro; Mary Frances resides with her parents; Idelpha is the wife of Colson McConahy, a broker at Seattle, who served his country in the late war; John D. was in the U. S. Army and served in Siberia until his discharge; Jessie is the wife of John W. Corbin, and they reside on Mr. Newland's ranch at Astanchia, N. M.; William T., Jr., married Miss Hazel Fox and rents a part of the home ranch; Clinton C. married Miss Annie Hill and also rents a part of the home ranch, he also served during the war in the Signal Corps; Helen H. and Bernice M. are attending the Huntington Beach high school. Mr. Newland is prominent in I. O. O. F. circles, having been a member of that fraternity for many years.

LARS TOBIAS EDWARDSON — A worthy couple who have done their share to develop the natural resources of the Placentia section of Orange County are Mr. and Mrs. L. T. Edwardson, who now live retired from active business cares at their comfortable home in a beautiful, well-kept Valencia orange grove, highly esteemed for their enterprise, liberality and kindness of heart. The picturesque west coast of Norway was the birthplace of both Mr. and Mrs. Edwardson, Soggendal being their native town. There on February 14. 1841, Mr. Edwardson was born, and six years later, on April 1, 1847, was recorded the natal day of Mrs. Edwardson, who in maidenhood was Miss Anne Tolena Jacobsdatter. They were both reared and educated in the neighborhood of their birth and on March 6. 1868, were united in marriage.

Reared to agricultural pursuits, Mr. Edwardson followed farming in his native land until 1885, when they came to America. They stopped for the summer at La Crosse Wis., and in the fall of that year came west to California, locating on a farm in what is now Orange County. Two years later they came to Placentia and purchased two and a half acres, which they improved and set out to oranges; later they purchased twenty acres north of Placentia and this is set to walnuts, now bringing in a splendid income. This place has been leased for oil and one well has already been sunk on the property. They also own a home at East Newport, where they frequently go for recreation. Always deeply interested in the progress of the community, Mr. Edwardson is a member of the Placentia Orange Growers Association and the Fullerton Walnut Growers Association.

Six living children complete the happy family circle of Mr. and Mrs. Edwardson, who have journeyed together along life's pathway for more than fifty years. Anna Bergitte is the wife of John Lemke of Placentia: Carrie is Mrs. John Hetebrink of Fullerton; Ludvig is a rancher at Placentia; Hanna is Mrs. William Kennedy of Anaheim; Mary is Mrs. Frost of Boston. Mass.; Jacob is engaged in ranching at Placentia. The two sons look after the ranches, giving them the best of attention, and thus relieve their parents of all unnecessary responsibility and care, so that they can enjoy the reward of their well-spent years. They spend many pleasant days at their Newport Beach home, where Mr. Edwardson especially enjoys the fishing. In the spring of 1920 they made an extended tour of three months, traveling east as far as Boston, where they visited their daughter, Mrs. Frost, returning by way of Wisconsin, where they visited old friends, and thence through British Columbia, down to Seattle and home, taking in many points of interest all along the way.

Residents of Orange County for thirty-five years, Mr. and Mrs. Edwardson can well take pride in the accomplishments of the past years and in the fact that they have done their part in bringing them about. They have prospered because of their industry and good management and are today well-to-do and in comfortable circumstances, which they well deserve. They, in turn, are always ready to aid those who have been less fortunate and show their hospitality in many ways. Reared in the Lutheran faith of their forbears, they are still active in its good works; in political matters they are firm believers in the principles of the Republican party.

PAUL TREYDTE — Coming to America to seek success, feeling that the opportunities here were greater than in his native land, Paul Treydte was indeed successful in reaching his goal, despite the short span of his earthly existence. He was born in Eisleben, Germany, on August 22, 1879. His boyhood days were spent in the neighborhood of his birthplace and he received his education in the public schools of that locality where he learned the baker's trade. As the years went by he became desirous for wider fields than the land of his birth seemed to afford so he accordingly set sail for America, reaching New York June 26, 1904. For the succeeding two years Mr. Treydte worked at his trade in and around New York City and at various places along the Jersey Coast, and it was during that period that he took out his naturalization papers.

Feeling that the Pacific Coast presented a broader scope for his activities, Mr. Treydte set sail in 1906 with San Francisco as his destination, coming by way of the Isthmus of Panama, reaching there shortly after the disastrous earthquake of that year. He first established himself in the baking business in St. Helena, continuing there about eighteen months, and then going to Roseville, in Placer County. There he established and operated a bakery with good success for two years and he is still the owner of the buildings occupied by the bakery and drug store in that city. Seeing the benefits of a good English education, Mr. Treydte spent much time studying at night and the diligent effort put forth by him has since been of great service.

After leaving Roseville he engaged in the bakery business in San Francisco, at 141-147 Eddy Street, and from there removed to Whittier, in Los Angeles County and ran the Whittier bakery for three years, making his manufactured product popular in Los Angeles and Orange counties. In 1916 Mr. Treydte became the owner of sixteen and a half acres of citrus land at Yorba Linda and later acquired an additional tract of nine and a half acres, making twenty-six acres in all, ten acres of the property being in oranges and sixteen acres in lemons. After oil was struck in the vicinity he leased the places to the General Petroleum Oil Company, who are now sinking a well on his place, making the ranch more valuable than ever. Besides his ranch property in Yorba Linda, Mr. Treydte owned real estate in Riverbank, Stanislaus County, and at Lynwood, Los Angeles County.

At St. Helena, Napa County, Mr. Treydte was married on December 24. 1907, to Miss Emma Kuefifer, a daughter of G. and Margaret (Roming) Kueffer, who migrated from Falls County, Texas, to Napa County, Cal., in 1895, and located at Calistoga, where they were engaged in horticulture and viticulture. The father died in 1905. being survived by his widow, who resided on the old home place until 1919, when she disposed of it and now makes her home at Yorba Linda. Of their three children, Mrs. Treydte is the youngest and was born in Falls County, Texas; coming to California, she received a good education in the Calistoga schools. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Treydte, all of them native sons and daughters of the Golden State: Paul, Jr., Ella M., George S., Myrtle D., and Raymond. They all attend the school at Yorba Linda.

A loyal citizen to the land of his adoption, Mr. Treydte was an enthusiastic supporter of all progressive movements in Orange County. He was a member of the Yorba Linda Citrus Association and the Yorba Linda Water Company. With his family he was a member of the Lutheran Church in Whittier. A self-made man, he made a genuine success of all his undertakings after his arrival in this country and in all of this he gave due credit to his wife, who was a real helpmate to him in all his enterprises. Mr. Treydte passed away December 2, 1920, deeply mourned by his family and friends, who appreciated him for his many virtues.

LEWIS W. BLODGET — Prominent among the rising young attorneys of the state, is Lewis W. Blodget of the law firm of Blodget and Blodget of Los Angeles and Huntington Beach. The family of Blodget is one of the old and honored Puritan families of Massachusetts and has figured prominently in the history and development of Massachusetts and America. The first representative of the Blodget family in America was Thomas Blodget, who with his wife and two sons, came to Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635. He was born in England in 1605 and left Suffolk, England, with his family, sailing from Plymouth on the ship "Increase" in 163S. He died in Cambridge, Mass.. in 1641. The great grandfather of Lewis W., was Arba Blodget, who was born in Massachusetts in 1789. He was a soldier in the War of 1812 and in the Indian Wars, and died in 1837. His father was Solomon Blodget, a soldier in the Revolutionary War, who was born in 1756 and died in 1844. Solomon Blodget's grandfather, Joseph Blodget, fought in the Indian and Colonial War in 1725. On his father's side, Lewis W. represents the tenth generation in America and on his mother's side the eleventh generation.

As progeny of the first Blodget, there are now 60,000 Blodgets in the United States, according to the genealogy of the family from their personal investigation. William Oren Blodget, the grandfather of Lewis W. was a first lieutenant in the One Hundred Fifty-first Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War, and fought at Gettysburg, where he was severely wounded. His whole company was ambushed on the first day of that battle and seventy-five per cent were annihilated within fifteen minutes. He lived and died in Sugar Grove, Pa. The father of Lewis W., Spencer Langdon Blodget. was for thirteen years an honored citizen of Huntington Beach, where he came to take a position as cashier of the First National Bank in 1906, and he later became associated with the Holly Sugar factory. He moved to Los Angeles in September, 1919, and is now office manager of the Los Angeles office of the Motor Vehicle Department of the State of California. His first wife, whose maiden name was Carra M. Belnap, was born in Warren, Pa., and was a descendant of a pioneer Pilgrim family that also came to America in 1635. She died in 1893, the mother of eight children, six of whom are living: Claude Raymond, in the real estate and insurance business in Bakersfield, Cal.; Percy Langdon, a mining engineer in Darwin, Cal.; Rush Maxwell, now the city attorney of Venice, was the first city attorney of Huntington Beach; Marian Bernice, wife of Cash C. Ramsey, oil man at Bakersfield; Ward Belnap, chief geologist for the Santa Fe Railway; and Lewis William. The four brothers of Lewis William are all graduates of Leland Stanford University. Spencer L. Blodget was married a second time, to Miss Florence Langdon of Chautauqua County, N. Y.

Lewis William Blodget was born in Bakersfield November 27, 1893, and lived there until he was twelve years of age. when he came to Huntington Beach, He was graduated from the Huntington Beach union high school in 1911. and entered the College of Law of the University of Southern California from which he was graduated in 1915 with the degree of LL.B. He opened a law office in Huntington Beach and when his brother. Rush M., who was in Arizona at the time, returned to California, the two brothers opened their law offices in Los Angeles and Huntington Beach. He enlisted in the Reserve Officers' Training Camp at San Francisco in August, 1917. He was commissioned a second lieutenant on November 27. 1917, and first lieutenant August 1, 1918. He served thirteen months with the Thirteenth Infantry Regulars, and was under overseas orders and ready to sail from Holjoken, N. J., when the armistice was signed. Later he was assigned to special duty in Washington, D. C. and was honorably discharged January 9, 1919, at Washington. He was elected city attorney while yet in service and was notified by wire of his election, on the strength of which he secured his discharge. He lost no time in getting back into practice.

Mr. Blodget was married September 3, 1919, to Miss May M. Ball of Morristown, N. J. He is a member of the Delta Chi (legal) Fraternity of the University of Southern California Chapter; Sons of the American Revolution; is a Mason, being senior warden of Huntington Beach Lodge No. 380. F. & A. M.; and is commander of the Joseph Rodman Post, American Legion, at Huntington Beach. He is a member of the Los Angeles County Bar Association, the Orange County Bar .Association and the City Attorneys' Association of Southern California. He is a member of the Republican Central Committee of Orange County. Both Mr. and Mrs. Blodget are popular with a wide circle of friends and take an active part in social affairs.

HARRY E. ZAISER, M. D. — Orange County takes pride in its County Hospital, and looks with confidence and satisfaction upon the daily responsible and trying work of the well-trained officials in charge. A leader among these is naturally Dr. Harry E. Zaiser, the physician selected to superintend the institution, upon whose experience. foresight and common sense judgment, as well as sympathy and tact, so much depends. A Hawkeye by birth, he first saw the light at Burlington in December 16, 1880, the son of John and Margaret Zaiser, the former since deceased, while the mother is living at the fine old age of eighty. There were nine children in the family, and Harry was the youngest of them all.

Having attended the grammar school, he was graduated in 1897 from the Burlington high school, and then began a clerkship of two years in the iron mill in that city. -After that he took a business college course, and was employed as clerk in a wholesale office until 1898, when he went to St. Louis to study medicine. He matriculated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, studied there for four years, and was graduated in 1902. At the conclusion of his strenuous work in Missouri, he went abroad for post-graduate work, and then practiced in Burlington until 1909.

Removing to California, Dr. Zaiser settled in Orange County and established a practice at Santa Ana, which he continued until he was appointed to his present position in 1914. His record as county physician in Burlington, Iowa, doubtless had much to do with his being selected for one of the important posts of its kind in California. He is a member of the American Medical Association, the Orange County Medical Association and of the Southern California Medical Society. In national politics a Republican, Dr. Zaiser adheres to party politics in local affairs only when they promote and do not hinder nor defeat the important goal to be attained.

Dr. Zaiser was married at Burlington, in 1909, to Miss Ida Thompson, a native of that city and the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Ihrer. They attend the First Methodist Church. Since he has taken charge of the work. Dr. Zaiser has done much to bring the County Hospital to the front, and while regarding his own part in a very modest light, he is naturally proud of the good that has been accomplished there. Not only are the sick cared for to the best of human ability and with every scientific aid, but the poor proven indigent are also received, and enjoy equal care. Thus the good name of Orange County, that has poured out so lavishly to those in distress, is protected and enhanced by these faithful public servants. Dr. Zaiser and his excellent staff.

EVAN DAVIS —- An admirable man who left behind him both a blessed memory and an equally admirable woman, for years his devoted wife, was Evan Davis, who first came to Orange towards the middle nineties. He was born at Edgerton. Wis., on January 24, 1858. the son of Percival Ferdinand Davis, a native of Western New York, who settled in Wisconsin in early days, and was a merchant at Edgerton. Evan was reared in Edgerton, where he attended the public schools. He completed his studies at Milton College and then engaged in manufacturing at Milton, Wis., making a punch and die machine. After a while he engaged in real estate and fire insurance at the same place, and at Emerald Grove, on December 12, 1883, married Miss Ida E. Ransom, a native of that place and the daughter of Asa G. Ransom, who was born in Middlefield, N. Y. He came to Wisconsin and as a pioneer farmer broke the prairie. Mrs. Ransom was Martha Hubbell before her marriage, and she was born in New York state. She became the mother of five children, among whom Ida was next to the youngest. and is now the only one living in California. She also was educated at Milton College and there she met Mr. Davis.

In 1894, Mr. and Mrs. Davis located at Orange. Cal.. and here, on South Glassell Street, he opened an office for the transaction of a real estate and insurance business. Soon after this he became an oil broker in Los Angeles, and with an office at 104 Stimson Building, he bought and sold crude oil. He sold oil to gas plants as well as other manufacturing establishments, and being an expert machinist and engineer built up a good trade. At the same time he made his home in Orange; and inasmuch as he was musical and had been leader of the Wisconsin band at Milton, he was naturally

made the leader of the Orange Band and Orchestra, and he also sang in the Presbyterian Church choir. He joined Orange Lodge of the Odd Fellows and became a past grand, and was a member of the Encampment and Couton in Santa Ana, being a past chief patriarch in the Encampment, and is a member of the Rebekahs, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Royal Neighbors, and the Fraternal Aid Union, and was also an elder in the Presbyterian Church at the time of his death, on July 16, 1917. After his death his son, Percy R. Davis, conducted the business, and then, when he was called to the war, Mrs. Davis discontinued the business.

Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Davis. Leon died at the age of twenty-seven; Percy R. served in the Three Hundred and Sixteenth Engineer Corps, Ninety-first Division, overseas, and on his return here took up his residence in Orange; and Arline, who graduated from the Orange Union high school and also the Library School in Riverside, before going to Pomona College, where she was assistant librarian, was graduated from Pomona with the Bachelor of Arts degree, and is now librarian of the Girls' School at Riverside.

Mrs. Davis is a member of the Presbyterian Church and the Ladies' Aid Society, and is active in the missionary work of that organization. She is a member of the Rebekahs, and is a past noble grand and is an ex-representative of the same order,

and a past district deputy president. She is also a member of the Veteran Rebekahs, where she is a past president; and she belongs to the Royal Neighbors, and has passed all the chairs.

BENJAMIN KRAEMER — One of the oldest settlers of the Placentia district, having come here with his parents in 1867, is Benjamin Kraemer, who was born in Belleville, Ill., in the year 1867. His father, Daniel Kraemer, was born in Bavaria; he came to the United States in 1842, arriving in New Orleans, then came up the Mississippi River to St. Louis and walked out to Belleville, the county seat of St. Clair County, III., where he obtained employment on the farm of Mr. Schrag and became acquainted with his daughter Eleanora Schrag, resulting in their marriage. They became owners of a farm there and resided there until nine children were born to them. As early as the fall of 1864 Daniel Kraemer made his first trip to California, visiting Southern California and purchased 3.900 acres of land a part of the Rancho San Juan Cajon de Santa Ana; the land was then a wilderness of mustard, brush and cactus. In 1866 he made a second trip to his California possessions and in 1867 he brought his family out and located on his ranch. Each trip he had come via New York and Panama to San Francisco and thence by boat to San Pedro, from which place he came overland to Anaheim. His was the first white family in the Placentia district and our subject was the first white baby in what was then the Cajon school district. A few years later Daniel Kraemer's friend, Mr. Kossert, came out to Santa Ana and was associated with Messrs. Spurgeon and McFadden in Santa Ana real estate; when he sold out he went to Mesilla, N. M., and was never again heard from by them.

Daniel Kraemer was active in irrigation matters and was one of the builders of the Cajon ditch, when it was first attempted, but it proved a failure at that time and he lost what he had put into it. Later, however, the Cajon ditch was carried through under the Bush Act and was later merged with the Anaheim Water Company, now the Anaheim Union Water Company. Daniel Kraemer was, however, the first individual to irrigate in Orange County from a ditch taken out of the Santa Ana River. He received twenty shares of stock in lieu of his old water right of fifty inches from the Anaheim Union Water Company, which is non-assessable stock. This stock is now owned by our subject. Daniel Kraemer engaged in ranching and set out vineyards and the first walnut orchard here; he was very optimistic for the future greatness of this region and said that this part of California would be the garden spot of the United States and also from the Brea deposits he predicted it would some day develop into an oil field. He died in 1882, aged sixty-five years; his wife surviving him until 1889. All of their nine children are living but one.

Coming to Placentia in his first year, Benjamin Kraemer's earliest recollections are of the place he still owns and has resided on since 1867. Here he learned ranching from the time he was a lad and attended the local public school. Desiring to obtain a higher education he worked his way through St. Vincent's College in Los Angeles, as well as Woodbury's Business College, graduating from the latter in 1886, when nineteen years of age, and then returned to the old home ranch, where he took up his residence in the old house built by his father, and here he lived until he completed his new residence in 1919; he has the unique distinction of living longer in one house than any other one person in Orange County—over fifty-two years. His ranch comprises sixty-seven acres of which thirty acres is devoted to raising oranges and twenty acres

to walnuts, having set out every tree in his orchards. He was one of the organizers of the Placentia Mutual Orange Growers Association, of which he was a director for eight years until he resigned; he is also a member of the Fullerton-Placentia Walnut Growers Association.

Mr. Kraemer was married in Anaheim, where he was united with Miss Mary Allec, who was born in France, and they have been blessed with twelve children: Mary, Mrs. Victor Reis of Whittier; Emma; Elizabeth, deceased; Gladys; Jennie, deceased; Lucy; Benjamin, Jr.; Louisa; Annie; Jonathan, deceased; William and Rosa Belle. Mr. Kraemer is a great reader, is well posted on early history and is a very interesting conversationalist; he has been a life-long student and is a linguist, speaking several languages fluently, and he has frequently been selected as interpreter in different capacities.

ROY D. TRAPP — A native son of the Golden West, born at the old home place at Ninth and Lemon streets, Los Angeles, October 28, 1882, the late Roy D. Trapp was a very successful rancher and business man, accomplishing more in a few short years than many men do in a long lifetime. By his energy and optimism he accumulated a competency as well as contributing very materially to the building up and improving of Orange County, thus contributing his share towards making this one of the most important agricultural and horticultural counties on the Pacific Coast. His father,

Frank M. Trapp, was a native of Missouri who crossed the plains with his parents in an ox-team train over the old Oregon Trail in 1849. Grandfather John M. Trapp was a rancher in Oregon until about the year 1860, when the family came to Los Angeles and located at the corner of Ninth and Lemon streets, where Frank M. Trapp and his father farmed together, raising oranges, limes and lemons as well as grapes and small fruits with success, so much so that at the Centennial Fair held in Los Angeles Frank M. Trapp received the first award for his exhibit. He was married in Los Angeles on November 4, 1869, to Elizabeth Pierce, also born in Missouri, a daughter of James Pierce who brought his family across the plains to San Bernardino, Cal., in 1849.

After he left the old home at Ninth and Lemon streets, Los Angeles, Frank M. Trapp engaged in farming at Artesia, then for a few years engaged in raising cattle on the Toler ranch near Whittier, after which he spent five years at Compton. He then returned to Los Angeles and there his wife died in 1901, while he survived her until December 23, 1905. They were the parents of nine children: Wm. C. is a business man in Los Angeles; Chas. E. was a successful farmer in Florence until his death; Ida E. is Mrs. Levreau, residing at Florence; John M. died at Huntington Park; Geo. O. a farmer at Buena Park; Lillian C. is the wife of Edward E. Chapella of Hollywood: Roy D., our subject; Frank M. resides at Florence; and James B. who served in the U. S. Army overseas in the World War is now a farmer at Norwalk.

Roy D. Trapp was reared on his father's farm, so from a youth became familiar with farming operations as well as the marketing of the produce. During these years his education was not neglected for, after completing the public schools, he took a course and graduated at the Woodbury Business College in Los Angeles, accumulating a knowledge that was of so much assistance to him during his business career as a rancher. His marriage took place in Los Angeles, March 10, 1906, when he was united with Miss Elfrieda Warnke who was born in Berlin, Germany, and came to Chicago, Ill., with her parents, Fred and Minnie Warnke, when she was a very small child. In that city she received a good education; when she was sixteen years of age her father passed away and soon afterward the family came to Los Angeles and it was here that she met Mr. Trapp, the acquaintance resulting in their marriage, and was a union that proved exceedingly happy to them both. With youth, health, energy and ambition they started out to gain a competence; Mr. Trapp by this time had saved enough to own a team of horses, a plow and cultivator, so full of hope he started out and leased twenty-seven acres, which he devoted to raising wax beans and watermelons, the beginning of his success as a vegetable grower, gradually increasing the number of acres he farmed each year. In 1912 his home at Eightieth and South Park avenue, Los Angeles, was destroyed by fire and the next year they removed to San Jacinto for a year, and then located in Orange County, purchasing ten acres on Brookhurst Avenue, which he improved to Valencia oranges and which he afterward sold at a good profit. At the same time he leased ninety acres of the Bastanchury ranch, raising cabbage and beans and cleaning up $90,000, as prices were then at their highest level. He then leased 350 acres of the Irvine ranch near Tustin, where he engaged in intensive farming, raising hay and vegetables, specializing in cabbage and cauliflower, which he was able to market at a large profit, so that he was able to purchase forty acres on West Commonwealth Avenue in the west end of Fullerton, which he proceeded to improve, grubbing out a few acres of walnuts and setting the whole place to Valencia oranges. He also purchased a citrus grove of about two acres on an elevation overlooking the city and here he and his wife planned and built a beautiful residence where they were enjoying life to the fullest, when on July 14, 1920, the horrible tragedy occurred which resulted in his death, an incident that is very fresh in the minds of the people of Southern California, This same year he was also farming the Norwalk ranch of 275 acres. Such had been his success, his optimism was strengthened so that his plan was another five years of close application on the large scale he was undertaking and he would quit and arrange his affairs so he and his devoted wife could travel abroad and enjoy the scenes of other countries. In all his plans he always included his wife, who had ever entered heartily into his business operations, assisting him in every way she could and encouraging him in his ambition so that he always gave her much of the

credit for his success, but he was not permitted to enjoy the fruits of his labors for he was cut down by an assassin while still in the prime of life.

He was a splendid type of man. of a pleasing and attractive personality that drew men to him. so he counted his warm friends by the thousands who esteemed him for his good fellowship, kindness and honesty of purpose and appreciated him for his integrity and worth. Since his taking away Mrs. Trapp is caring for the property they accumulated in the way they had talked and planned and thus she is carrying out. As far as she is able, his plans and ambitions for the place. Mr. Trapp was a great home man. was a member of but one lodge, Anaheim Lodge No. 1345, B. P. O. Elks.

GEORGE W. WELLS — Well known in Orange County for years as the proprietor of the Santa Ana Soda Works and the pioneer in that industry in the county, George W. Wells is now the owner of a fine citrus ranch at Yorba Linda, having developed it from the very beginning. Born in Kirkwood, Warren County, Ill., August 21. 1861, Mr. Wells is the son of W. J. and Doratha (Berican) Wells, and his forbears were well-established tradesmen of Pittsburgh, Pa. W. J. Wells, who was born in 1820, at Pittsburgh, Pa., was a veteran of the Civil War, having been a member of the Eighty-third Illinois Infantry, and for a number of years he farmed in Illinois. The mother, who was born in Germany, came to the United States in 1856, her marriage to W. J. Wells being solemnized at Quincy, Ill. The district schools of Warren County furnished George W. Wells his early education and when still a lad he accompanied his parents, with their family of five children to Wellington, Kans. These were the early pioneer days in that state and the country was sparsely settled, and Mr. Wells keenly remembers the hardships of that period, many times the only available food being buffalo meat and cornbread.

Until he was nineteen years of age Mr. Wells worked on his father's Kansas farm, then taking up an apprenticeship in harness and saddle making, to which he gave three years, later becoming the manager of a branch house in this line of trade, buying out the interest and establishing the business under his own name. During his residence in Kansas Mr. Wells also became heavily interested in the stock business, but during the extreme cold in the winter of 1900 he was frozen out and suffered a discouraging loss. The next year he came to California with his family and located at Santa Ana, where he began the manufacture of soft drinks. He began on a very modest scale, doing all his own work, but year by year his business grew until it reached such large proportions that he was employing six men and buying his bottles by the car load, his products being sold all over Southern California. Mr. Wells made a scientific study of his enterprise and was the originator of Wells Orange, Phosphate and other fruit punches.

In 1912 Mr. Wells purchased a tract of ten acres at Yorba Linda, which he soon began to improve. His nursery stock came from orange seeds which he planted himself, later budding them and setting out his own orchard, which he developed into a very attractive ranch. This ranch is in the center of the famous Richfield oil fields and is leased to the Union Oil Company, which is now operating on it. In 1917 Mr. Wells sold the Santa Ana Soda Works to Albert Biner and with his family removed to the Yorba Linda ranch, where they have since made their home. In addition to the home place. Mr. Wells is also managing forty-four acres of citrus groves.

Since coming to Yorba Linda Mr. Wells has taken an active interest in all the affairs of the community and has served two terms as director of both the Yorba Linda Citrus Association and the Yorba Linda Water Company, and is also a promoter of the good work being accomplished by the Farm Center. During the war he was prominent m all the drives and war loans, giving both of his time and means to further all the Government programs. In fraternal circles Mr. Wells is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America, and politically he espouses the platform of the Republican party.

Mr. Wells' marriage, which occurred in 1885 at Caldwell, Kans., united him with Miss Clara L. Stearns, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William \V. Stearns. Her father, who was a successful farmer in that part of Kansas for a number of years, was born in Steuben County, X. Y.. in 1834. and in 1861 he was married at Hornellville. N. Y., to Miss Mary Sharp, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1841. Four children were born to them, Mrs. Wells being the only daughter. She was born in 1865 at Canisteo, N. Y., her childhood being spent near Traverse City, Mich., where Mr. Stearns was in the lumber business. When she was fifteen years of age the family moved to Wellington, Kans., and it was here that she met Mr. Wells. For some time previous to their marriage she was engaged in teaching school in Kansas. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Wells: Glenn W. married Miss Jessie Ross of Santa Ana, and they are the parents of three children; they now reside in Richfield, Cal.. where they are interested in the oil business; Leta is the wife of Dr. Edward Abbott of Los Angeles, and is the mother of two children; Clara is Mrs. Ray Lambert of Lemon Cove, near Santa Ana, and they have one child; George C. is in the confectionery business at Fullerton and is also interested in the oil industry.

WILLIAM E. OTIS — A banker distinguished for his high sense of honor and his  straightforward, intelligent methods of transacting business is William E. Otis, president of the Orange County Trust and Savings Bank of Santa Ana, whose keen intuition, enabling him to accurately and justly judge men, coupled with a pleasing personality, has well fitted him for years to be the head of a large financial institution. He was born in Framingham, Mass., on March 29, 1852, the son of John M. Otis, a native of Tunkhannock, Wyoming County, Pa., where he first saw the light in 1822, a descendant of an old Pennsylvania family. In 1835, he removed with his parents to Chicago, and thence to Elgin. Ill.; and on attaining his majority, he engaged in mercantile business in Lancaster. Wis. He married Sarah Georgiana Eaton, a native of Framingham, Mass., whose grandfather, Eben Eaton, was born on the same farm in 1789. He was of the third generation on the old Eaton estate at Framingham, and was a deacon in the Congregational Church for over fifty years. The ancestors on the Eaton side came from England to Massachusetts in 1635; and his father. Ebenezer Eaton, was an officer in the Revolutionary War and in command, with others, at the Battle of Lexington. He also followed the British on their retreat to Boston, and took part in the battle of Bunker Hill; and when General Warren fell, Mr. Eaton was one of those detailed to carry him from the field. He fought both bravely and with daring persistency to the close of the war, after which he returned to his farm at Framingham, and resumed the pursuits of peace.

In 1852, John M. Otis concluded to come out to the California gold fields and returned East to Framingham, Mass., where he left his wife and children while he made his way via Panama to California; and soon after their return to Massachusetts, William E. .Otis was born. For five years. Mr. Otis engaged in mining at Michigan Bluff, on the American River, and then, in 1857, he returned to Massachusetts by way of Panama. The family then migrated to Illinois; but after a short stay there, they continued on westward to Bentonsport, Iowa, where John Otis embarked in the grain and forwarding business and established himself as a dealer in agricultural implements. Finally, when the Des Moines Valley Road, now the C. R. I. R. R., reached that city, in 1866, he located there and engaged in the grain business, dealing as well in agricultural implements; and at Des Moines this worthy couple passed away.

The second eldest of six children, William E. Otis attended both the grammar and the high schools of that locality, and having completed his studies in June, 1867, he entered the First National Bank at Des Moines as collection clerk and was soon advanced to the more responsible position of teller. In March, 1871, he removed to Kansas, and there at Thayer became cashier of a bank called the Southwest Loan and Land Company. In November, 1871, he removed to Independence, Kans.. where he was appointed cashier of J. O. Page's private bank; and he remained in that position until the fall of 1873, when Mr. Page sold his banking institution to William F. Turner and William E. Otis, whereupon Mr. Otis conducted the bank under the firm name of Turner and Otis until October, 1879, when he purchased Mr. Turner's interest and the name of the firm was changed to William E. Otis and Company. In September, 1883, he organized the First National Bank of Independence, retaining nearly the entire stock; but in April, 1886, he disposed of his holdings and removed to Kansas City, where he embarked in the land business, purchasing considerable real estate.

In October, 1891, he bought the controlling interest in the Winfield National Bank of Winfield, Kans., and served as cashier until about 1903, when he was elected president of the bank and his son, E. G. Otis, was elected assistant cashier. In 1901 he organized the Dexter State Bank at Dexter. Kans., and owning the control for several years, was also president. In January, 1902, he acquired control of the Farmers State Bank of Arkansas City, Kans., and became its president. In 1907 he sold his interest there, and the following year purchased a third interest in the National Bank of Commerce of Wichita, Kans., where lie was a director for a number of years, being the largest stockholder, in fact, in the bank. In 1909, he bought the Bank of Commerce at Udall, Kans., became its president and his son-in-law, C. A. Vance, was made cashier. In 1911 he sold his interest in the Winfield National Bank, having decided, after several visits to California, to locate on the Pacific Coast.

In 1911, therefore, Mr. Otis came west to San Diego, and in December of that year he purchased a large interest in the University Avenue Bank of that city, and was elected vice-president; and in June, 1912, E. G. Otis severed his connection with the Winfield National Bank and joined his father in San Diego, as cashier. In 1913, Mr. Otis was elected a director in the Bank of Commerce and Trust Company of San Diego. In January, 1917, he disposed of a part of his interest in the University Avenue Bank and removed to Santa Ana; and here he purchased a large interest in the Farmers and Merchants National Bank and the Home Savings Bank of Santa Ana, and was elected vice-president of both banks. At the same time, in connection with his son-in-law, C. A. Vance, he bought a large interest in the First National Bank of Tustin, where Mr. Vance was made cashier. In the fall of 1917. he sold the balance of his interests in the San Diego Bank and in the fall of 1918 sold his interest in the Farmers and Merchants National Bank, and the Home Savings Bank of Santa Ana, and on January 1, 1919, retired from the vice-presidency, at the time of its consolidation with the First National Bank. On February 1, 1919, he purchased a large interest in the Orange County Trust and Savings Bank, and was elected president of that well-established institution.

During all the years of his residence in Kansas, Mr. Otis had been interested in agriculture, and in the development of Western lands, and at one time he owned thirteen farms in Kansas and engaged extensively in the stock business at Winfield, even carrying it on for several years after coming to California. In the seventies, he also had an agricultural implement store in Independence. It is natural, therefore, that since coming to California, Mr. Otis should have the same spirit and faith in lands, hesitating neither to advise others to invest nor to invest himself. He owns two citrus orchards, totaling sixty acres, in San Diego County, and 110 acres adjoining Santa Ana on the south, where on exceptionally rich soil he is raising alfalfa, but will soon set the place out to walnuts.

Mr. Otis has been twice married. At Cairo, Ill., in September, 1880, he became the husband of Miss Daisy H. Robbins, who was born in Chicago in 1857, a daughter of Chandler Robbins and a member of an old Boston family. Her grandfather, the Rev. Chandler Robbins, was a pastor of one of the Congregational Churches in Boston for many years, and she was a graduate of Ferry Hall Seminary, Chicago. She passed away, a sweet memory to all who knew her only to love and esteem her, in Kansas City, in April, 1891, leaving five children: Lillian is the wife of C. A. Vance of Tustin; William E. Otis, Jr., lives at Fort Worth, Texas; E. G. Otis is assistant cashier of the California Bank of Los Angeles; Clara has become the wife of A. S. Cosgrove of the Southern Trust and Commerce Bank of San Diego; Mildred, who passed away in 1918, appreciated by a circle of admiring friends, was the wife of Eugene Ferry Smith, an attorney of distinction in San Diego.

On the occasion of Mr. Otis's second marriage, at East Orange, N. J., in September, 1916, he was joined to Mrs. Emma (Gould) Whipple, a native of Andover, Mass., and a representative of another old New England family who have been prominent in American history, being a descendant of Capt. Joseph Gould, who served as a captain in the Revolutionary War, raising a company of twenty men at Topsfield. Mass., and marching them to Boston where they fought with the Continental forces. He was one of Paul Revere's men who rode out and gave the alarm. On her maternal side Mrs. Otis is descended from the Cogswells of Westbury, England, who came to Massachusetts in about 1635 and settled at Andover, and she now owns the old Cogswell homestead, a quaint old New England home. She is an active member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, having served as regent of the Santa Ana Chapter. Mr. and Mrs. Otis are members of the First Congregational Church of Santa Ana, where Mr. Otis is chairman of the board of trustees, an office of honor and responsibility which he also most creditably filled for years during his  residence in Kansas.

WALTER ALBERT STORTZ — One of the most loyal residents of Seal Beach who is always pleased to extol the advantages of its climate and beach attractions, is Walter Albert Stortz, a native of Ohio, born at Newark, April 24, 1883, the son of John C. and Elizabeth (Hershman) Stortz, also born in Ohio. His father was a moulder until cement construction came into general vogue when he followed cement contracting until he came to California, his wife passing away in Los Angeles, and he now lives retired in Seal Beach.

Walter A. is the second oldest of their four children, being reared and educated in Newark. When his school days were over at the age of eighteen years he was apprenticed at the plumbing and steam heating trade; completing the trade he continued as a journeyman for several years. Wishing to come to the Pacific Coast, he came out to Los Angeles in 1909, later on going to San Francisco and afterwards on to Portland, Seattle and Vancouver, working at his trade in the different cities for about three years. On account of the damp climate his health became very poor and he came to Los Angeles and laid off for two years. He could get no relief, the physician finally telling him he could not live very long, so in his desperation he determined to come to the beach and enjoy the few days he had remaining. Coming to Seal Beach, then Bay City, he went in bathing, rested on the sand, basked in the sun, and ate shellfish; he started to pick up and in less than one year he went to work. There was no local plumber here and he was soon in great demand and opened a shop, since which time he has engaged as contracting plumber. He has done the principal plumbing and steam heating jobs in Seal Beach and vicinity. Mr. Stortz owns eighty acres of government land near Victorville in Luzerne Valley.

The marriage of Mr. Stortz and Inez Devenney occurred in Seal Beach. She was born in Anaheim, being a daughter of John and Elizabeth Devenney, old time settlers in Orange County. Their union has been blessed with one child. Tenney. Mr. Stortz is serving his second term as a member of the board of trustees of Seal Beach, being chairman of both police and street committee. He is also an active member and director of the local Chamber of Commerce. In national politics Mr. Stortz is a Republican of the progressive type. He is a member of the State Master Plumbers' Association.

HENRY WINTERS — A pioneer of Orange County whose enterprise is connected particularly with Wintersburg, the town that bears his name, Henry Winters is a conspicuous example of a successful agriculturist, and notably associated with the advancement of the country during the past thirty years of his residence in California. Born in Trumbull County. Ohio, July 12, 1855, he was reared in his native county, where he attended the public schools and learned the carpenter's trade, at which he served a three years' apprenticeship. Mr. Winters is of German lineage. His father, Frederick, who came from near Hamburg, Germany, was a miller by trade, in the old country, and owned one of the quaint, picturesque old mills run by wind-mill power on the River Elbe. He married after coming to the United States, in Ohio, and worked five years for Governor Todd in the coal fields. In 1879 he removed from Ohio and settled in Saline County. Kans.. where he became the owner of an eighty-acre farm, and lived practically retired until he died in Kansas at the age of seventy-two. His wife, in maidenhood Margaret Hardman, emigrated from Germany with her parents' family in 1830, and belonged to the first generation of boys and girls of Girard, Trumbull County, Ohio. Her father had seen active service in the French army as a soldier under Napoleon. She was the mother of eight children, six of whom were by a former marriage with John Krosinger, a tanner by trade. She attained the advanced age of eighty-nine and died in Kansas.

Henry Winters married Miss Ella Eckenrode, in Ohio, and with his wife and family lived at different places in Ohio, Kansas, Washington and Oregon. His wife died on their first visit to California, in 1883. survived by one child, a daughter named Blanche, who is now the wife of Peter Lauer of Sharon, Pa. For thirteen years Mr. Winters followed his trade in Ohio and Kansas, and did a great deal of construction work in the latter state. He made four overland trips, moving back and forth to various places, and finally settled in Orange County thirty years ago. In 1895 he again entered the state of matrimony, being united with Miss Cordelia Wilson, daughter of John Benjamin and Sarah (Ivy) Wilson of Pasadena, who came to Orange County and engaged in farming and dairying. Later they moved to Modesto, where the father died in 1916. The mother is living at Modesto. Mrs. Winters is the oldest child in a family of eight children, six of whom are living. She was educated at Lamanda Park, Cal., and was nineteen years old when the family moved to the Wintersburg section of Orange County. Mr. and Mrs. Winters are the parents of six children: Bonnie H., a stenographer with the Western Union Oil Company at Los Angeles; Josephine, the wife of Dale Elliott, residing at Santa Ana; Walter and Wallace, twins, and sophomores in the Huntington Beach high school; Hazel M.; and Homer A. After coming to California Mr. Winters turned his attention to agriculture, and his profound faith in practical development of the soil has not only convinced scores of his undisputed good judgment, but has been the means of their taking advantage of the conditions which he has turned to good advantage. In the earlier years of the county's history, Mr. Winters purchased twenty acres of land in Ocean View where his home is situated in what is now the great celery district, and turned his attention to raising corn and potatoes. To this he added in 1917, another twenty adjoining, giving him forty acres of the best land in the district, for which he refused $50,000 in September, 1920. His land yielded 137 bushels of shelled corn and 100 sacks of marketable potatoes to the acre the first year, and these were grown in close proximity to tons of pumpkins, which naturally absorbed much of the richness of the soil.

Samples of this remarkable showing were placed on exhibition at the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago, in 1893, and created a great sensation. Probably this exhibit, more than any other display from California, had a tendency to place the resources of Orange County in the proper light before the world in general. It was said by J. C. Joplin, who had charge of the exhibit, that the fact of this exhibit having been grown in conjunction on the land the same year created the interest. Mr. Winter's name appeared on the exhibit and resulted in a large correspondence from incredulous and inquiring observers, which he personally answered. The next year his acreage exceeded the former production. Another of his exhibits created wonderment at the Chamber of Commerce at Los Angeles, and he has made a number of creditable exhibits at the county fairs. He was the first man in Orange County to bring knowledge of the wonderful peat lands at Wintersburg to the world's attention. He cut a piece of peat two by twelve by fifteen inches in dimension, and encased it in a glass container, so that the wonderful composition could be carefully viewed and examined. Not content with past success, Mr. Winters began to branch out in agriculture on a larger scale. He purchased twenty acres where Wintersburg now stands and followed the purchase by  another twenty acres in the Fountain "Valley district, four miles southeast of his present home, which he sold.

He was among the earliest celery raisers in Orange County, and for several years grew and marketed, on an average, twenty acres of celery per annum. About the same time he became the owner of 1,280 acres of land in Nye County, Nev., and has bought and sold land at various times since that, in most instances to good profit. Owing to his knowledge of the culture of celery, he was chosen president of the California Celery Company in 1898. He served in this capacity two years, and- placed Orange County celery on the New York and other Eastern markets. In 1897, when the railway was built through what is now Wintersburg, by James McFadden, he cooperated with Mr. McFadden and donated the right of way for station and yardage. He also donated ground for other town site purposes. In recognition of his valued services his fellow-townsmen, headed by James Kane, circulated a petition that the town be named Wintersburg, in his honor, and it was so named.

Mr. Winters has recently built a beautiful and commodious bungalow residence in the suburbs of Wintersburg, where he and his family reside and keep up the old-time hospitality for which California of olden days was renowned. Their guests are treated to the best there is in the culinary line, and Mr. Winters, who keeps up the old Ohio idea of a family orchard and vegetable garden, takes pride in the fact that the major portion of the meats, fruits and vegetables served in his dining room are the product of his orchard and vegetable garden, in which he grows fifty varieties of fruits. Mrs. Winters is a member of the Presbyterian Church at Westminster. Mr. Winter's energy, keen judgment and efficiency, in combination with his versatility and thoroughly disinterested progressive spirit, entitle him to the high esteem which his friends and fellow-townsmen accord him, and the wealth and success he has wrested from crude but promising materials commend itself to the consideration of the younger generation who may be imbued with ambition and possess the adequate energy and continuity of purpose to surmount the obstacles that lie in the pathway of success.

SIMON TOUSSAU — A pioneer who has seen much of California grow from a wilderness and who is, therefore, a natural lover of the Golden State, is Simon Toussau, a native of France, where he was born at Oloron, in the Basses-Pyrenees, on November 12, 1877. His father, John Pierre, was a farmer who died in October, 1919; and his mother, Marie Sarthou, in her maidenhood, passed away the same month. They had seven children, six of whom are now living, and four are in California. John is a cement worker in Anaheim; Rose is Mrs. Sesima, of the same place, and conducts the French Laundry there; Pierre is a grain farmer, residing near Fullerton; and the youngest is the subject of our review. 

He was brought up as a farmer's boy, and in 1898 performed the military service expected of him as a member, for a year, of the Eighteenth Infantry. On getting his honorable discharge, and thus securing himself as a patriotic citizen in good standing for the future, he came to America, and in April, 1901, arrived in California.

He located in Fullerton, where he was employed by August Toussau a sheepman for three years, and he ranged his sheep where now acres of improved, fruitful ranches may be found. For four years he was in the employ of the Southern California Lumber Company in San Pedro, and while there built the residence which he sold again, in 1920. He was two years with the Anaheim Lumber Company, and when he quit their yard he bought this ranch of ten acres on the Ball road, now  handsomely set out to Valencia oranges in full bearing. He also cares for forty acres or more of other orchards. In 1920 he completed a large two-story modern residence, where he lives with his wife and two children, Madeline H. V. and Albert.

At Anaheim, on February 11. 1904, Mr. Toussau was married to Miss Marie Poyet, a native of Los Angeles, of French parentage. Her father. Jean B., was born in Lyons, France, became a marble cutter, and did superb work on cathedrals in France, and in 1871 came out to Los Angeles, where he engaged in ranching in the Verdugo. Then he moved to Fullerton, where he bought land, and there he died. His wife was Victorine Amet, a native of Paris, and she died at Santa Ana. They had three girls and one boy. and the son and two of the daughters are still living. Believing that growers must organize and unite to market their product, Mr. Toussau is a member of the Anaheim Orange Growers Association.    

DAVID F. SHARRATT — Among the most interesting pioneers of Orange County must be mentioned D. F. Sharratt. a retired citizen of Wintersburg. who was born at Waterford. Maine, on April 18. 1838. the son of Frederick Sharratt. a native of England. As a sailor he came to New England, and in Maine married Elizabeth Whitcomb, a native of that state. He became one of the under-officers of a trading sailing-vessel, which ran into a tropical gale; the vessel foundered, and Mr. Sharratt was drowned. Besides a widow, he left two sons, the subject of our review and an older brother. William Frederick, who has resided in the Hawaiian Islands since 1855.

Mrs. Sharratt later became the wife of George W. Cummings. and with them Mr. Sharratt moved from the state of Maine to Wisconsin, in 1850. and settled at Oasis. Waushara County. He squatted on Government lands on the Menominee Indian Reservation, and from his fourteenth to his twenty-seventh year worked at lumbering. In 1865 he was married to Miss Mary Dwyer. a native of Ireland, who was brought to America in her mother's arms.

Mr. Sharratt left Wisconsin in 1870 and went to Kansas, where he settled at Blue Rapids. Marshall County, and bought railway lands. He improved his holding and then sold out at a profit, and after that worked in a flour mill at Blue Rapids for three years. In 1881 he came with a covered wagon and his wife and children to Montana, and went into the Bitter Root Valley.

In the fall of 1895 Mr. Sharratt said goodbye to Montana and pushed westward to California, and in the spring of 1896 he arrived at Big Rock Creek, in the Antelope Valley. Later, he came down to Wintersburg and bought twenty acres of land; and noticing wild celery growing here, he became the pioneer celery grower in the Smeltzer district, and was one of the most successful celery growers in this section, where, at one time, over 6,000 acres were devoted to celery culture. This incident alone in the life of this observing and aggressive pioneer will furnish a cue as to his real character and the spirit of advancement which has long actuated him.

Mr. and Mrs. Sharratt have four children still living. Emory F. is in the Bitter Root Valley. Mont.; Edith E. is the wife of S. H. Atkins, a rancher in the Imperial Valley; Wallace F. now works on the Sharratt home ranch, although he also has lands at Watsonville; and W. H. Sharratt lives at the latter place; a twin-brother to Wallace died in Kansas when he was two years old.

Mr. and Mrs. Sharratt attend the Baptist Church at Huntington Beach and participate in such good works for social uplift and the general improvement of the community as they can devote time and labor to. He is a Progressive Republican, and is never weary in contributing to raise the standard of civic ideals.

BLUFORD C. BAXTER — An interesting example of one man's struggle toward success in this, his native state, and his unaided achievement of that end after many discouragements and ups and downs may be found in the life story of Bluford C. Baxter. Born February 25, 1866, in Mendocino County, Cal., he is a son of John and Mary (Taylor) Baxter, the former a native of Tennessee, and the latter of Missouri, both now deceased. The father crossed the plains to California in 1849, coming from Missouri, and cut timber in Mendocino County, later ranching in Los Angeles County in the early seventies, near Compton. He also took up Government land two and one-half miles south of Anaheim, and still later located at Wilmington, before the city of Long Beach was started.

Bluford C, Baxter attended the country schools in Mendocino, and then at Little Lake, near Whittier, Los Angeles County, and also at Los Nietos. As a young man he worked for wages on ranches in Kern County. Locating in Los Angeles he ran a transfer business for fifteen years in that city. He finally decided on the Placentia district for further endeavors, and rented land for ranching activities, and was the second man to plant and raise sweet potatoes on a large scale, cultivating as high as ISO acres of that edible and producing from 100 to 250 sacks to the acre. He was called the Sweet Potato King and had a special brand, of first quality, which sold readily at advanced prices, being shipped in carload lots to the mining district of Arizona. In 1906 Mr. Baxter bought twenty acres of raw land on East Orangethorpe Avenue and raised sweet potatoes at first, then, in 1910, he planted his acreage to Valencia oranges and now has a finely producing grove, improved with cement pipes and laterals for irrigating. He owns his own home in Placentia and is a stockholder in the Placentia Mutual Orange Association. Among his interesting reminiscences of earlier days in the county is the fact that he helped haul the first load of lumber for the first oil derrick erected in Orange County; this was located at Olinda, and Doheny, the present oil king, was the man who drilled for oil, in the interests of the Santa Fe Railway. The present scope of the oil industry in this district was beyond the wildest dreams of those days and is but an instance of the wealth still lo be unearthed in this wonderful county.

The marriage of Mr. Baxter, which occurred November 25, 1914, united him with Margaret Hurless, a native of Iowa, and one daughter, Phyllis, has been born to them; they also cherish an adopted daughter, Claudine. As a self-made man who has succeeded against obstacles, Mr. Baxter is a fine example of an American and Californian, and with characteristic loyalty he adheres to the theory that the man who grasps his opportunities can hardly help but succeed in this truly Golden State.  Mr. Baxter is at present residing in Beaumont, Cal.

WILLIAM WINFRED BUSHARD — How the ever-interesting traditions of an estimable family are perpetuated in the successful career of the younger generation is pleasantly illustrated in the life story of William Winfred Bushard, one of the four children—three sons and a daughter—of John B. and Mary V. Bushard, well-known residents of Orange County. John B. Bushard belonged to an ancient family of French origin, established in Canada by John Bushard, who was the first to emigrate to America. He developed a farm near Rosser Point, and in the homestead that he himself built, he passed away at the ripe age of three score and ten. One of his most virile children, born at La Kedze, Canada, near La Prairie, was James Bushard, who grew up in his native land, but later removed to the States and became an extensive farmer in Clinton County, N. Y. He married Miss Amelia Trombley, granddaughter of John Trombley, such a pioneer settler there that his name was given to an indentation called Trombley's Bay. The old man used to tell of his long tramps through dense timber to Saranac or Plattsburg, with a sack of corn on his back, to the nearest mill, and then the tramp back again with the bag of flour. John B. Bushard was one of a large family of nine—four sons and five daughters—born of this union, his advent into the circle occurring at the old homestead in Clinton County, N. Y., on March 20, 1843.

John B. grew up to follow agricultural pursuits and as a young man pushing westward to Minnesota, he may have anticipated Horace Greeley in his advice to youth. He tarried for a while in St. Paul, and then went to Brown County, where his parents had bought a quarter section of land for himself and brothers. He had hardly commenced to cultivate his share of the investment when the awful contest between the North and the South broke out in all its fury; and in 1861, he enlisted for two years. The war not having yet come to an end, Mr. Bushard reenlisted, joining Company A of the Minnesota Cavalry, and becoming quartermaster of Major Hatchie's battalion, he was stationed, first at Fort Snelling, and then at Fort Abercrombie, and served until 1866, when he received his discharge at the former place. He participated in several battles, among them Mail Springs, Somerset, Ky., when the Union Army won one of its first victories; and later he was at other battles, including that of Gettysburg.

When the Civil War was ended, John B. Bushard came out to California, and some time afterward, five sisters and two of his brothers followed him. He arrived in the period prior to the railroads, when teaming and hauling being prime necessities, were well paid enterprises, and he engaged in transportation from Cerro Gordo to Bakersfield and Los Angeles, and also between the latter city and Prescott, Ariz. There was plenty of money for the risks involved, but the wild depredations of Indians, and the often unrestrained lawlessness of some of the miners contributed to rob the venture of its permanent attraction. When he gave up teaming, Mr. Bushard went back East for a year, and on his return to Los Angeles, entered the real estate field there, and acquired some valuable property in East Los Angeles and elsewhere. He came down to the "Gospel Swamp" district in what is now western Orange County, and bought a squatter's claim of 1,800 acres; but the Stearns Rancho contested his title, and he was dispossessed. He then went to Ventura County and bought some two thousand acres, which he improved and sold at such a profit that he was able to return to the "Swamp" and purchase the land, once lost to him, from the Stearns Rancho.

On June 11, 1876, John B. Bushard was married at Los Angeles to Miss Mary Virginia Page, a native of Michigan and the daughter of Louis E. Page, for many years well-known as a resident of Los Angeles, where he died on September 25, 1906. He was born at Rochester, N. Y., in 1831, and forty years later came to Los Angeles, where he was a carriage manufacturer and the senior member of the firm of Page and Gravel. John B. Bushard's death was the result of a runaway team accident, and occurred on January 1, 1905, in his sixty-first year. He was buried in Santa Ana Cemetery. Four children were born to the honored couple—a daughter, Marie Junette, residing at 1340 West Twenty-third Street, Los Angeles, with her mother; and the sons, George H., William W. and Louis J.

These three brothers live on their respective ranches two and a half miles east of Huntington Beach, each owning sixty acres of the original John B. Bushard estate. The land, which is in a very fertile district near the ocean, is devoted to the growing, principally, of lima beans and sugar beets, and also celery. Once it was covered with willows and tules, and was very marshy; but the elder Bushard, with the aid of his sons and good neighbors, W. D. Lamb, W. T. Newland and Casper Borchard, all early settlers, drained the morass, transformed the "Swamp" into one of the most productive and attractive parts of the county, and laid out the Talbert Road.

William W. Bushard resides on the old John B. Bushard home place, which he has brought to a high state of cultivation, assisted by his devoted wife, who was Miss Addie J. McGowan before her marriage. She was a native of Texas and a daughter of the John McGowan so well known in that state, where he was a doughty county sheriff. Mr. and Mrs. Bushard have one child, William Winfred, Jr.

FERN S. BISHOP — Noteworthy among the prominent contractors and builders of Orange County is the name of Fern S. Bishop, who has the distinction of erecting and equipping more walnut packing plants than any man in the state. Although a native of Story County, Iowa, where he was born January 5, 1876, he has been a resident of Orange County since the age of five years. His parents were Amos D. and Anna (Knight) Bishop, natives of Michigan and Vermont, respectively. His father is still living, his mother having passed away in 1905. The family migrated from Iowa to Santa Ana in 1881.

Fern S. Bishop received his early education in the public schools of Orange and while quite young started to assist his father on the home ranch. Later he learned the trade of a carpenter with C. McNeil of Santa Ana, with whom he remained for five years. Mr. Bishop is a natural mechanic, and his ingenuity has led to many clever inventions now used in the walnut packing industry, among which is a labor-saving device used in packing walnuts; he also invented and patented a vacuum culling machine which eliminates the light weight nuts, or culls, through a blower system under high pressure of air; also he has invented an all concrete walnut bleacher or washer. His aim has been to invent such machines to be used in walnut packing houses that will increase the capacity of a plant and lessen the expense. Another machine invented and patented by Mr. Bishop is known as the cleaning machine for moldy walnut meats and all of his machines have been demonstrated a marked success. Mr. Bishop is considered an expert on matters pertaining to the packing of walnuts and is frequently called into consultation when important questions are to be considered. While in the employ of Mr. McNeil he was foreman of construction on the packing plant of the Santa Ana Walnut Growers Association.

In September, 1914, Mr. Bishop entered the building and contracting business for himself and has erected and equipped the following packing houses: the Guggenhiem packing house and the Gowen and Willard packing house of Santa Ana; the Anaheim Walnut Growers Association packing house; the Fullerton Walnut packing house; the Golden Belt house of Fullerton (now the Benchley Packing Company); the Walnut packing house at Walnut. In Ventura County Mr. Bishop built and equipped the Saticoy packing house and reequipped the Santa Paula plant. At Whittier, Los Angeles County, he built and equipped the Whittier Walnut Growers Association house. It has a daily capacity of sixty tons. He also has to his credit the erecting and equipping of the packing houses at Irvine, at San Juan Capistrano, the Cudahy plant at Huntington Park and the Chino Walnut house. In 1920 he completed the packing house for the La Puente Valley Walnut Growers Association, the largest house of the kind in the world, with a capacity of 150 tons in ten hours, and it is the consensus of opinion that it is the most modern house for packing walnuts now in use, being fully equipped with machinery and appliances invented and patented by Mr. Bishop. He is now building a plant for the California Walnut Growers at Vernon for the manufacture of charcoal from walnut shells. In addition to these buildings. Mr. Bishop has erected many tine residences in Orange County, among which we mention those of John W. Hetebrink, Fullerton; E. A. Bastian, Placentia; Mrs. C. W. Curry and Ray Bishop, in Santa Ana.

In Santa Ana, on December 12, 1894, Mr. Bishop married Miss Nellie Deck, who was born at Upper Alton, Ill., a daughter of J. H. and Lavina (Short) Deck, who were natives of that state. Her father served in the Civil War as a member of an Illinois regiment. The Deck family came to California in 1882, locating at San Pedro, but soon afterward moved to Santa Ana, where they improved a ranch and where Mr. Deck still resides. His wife died here in March, 1913. Mr. and Mrs. Bishop are the parents of two children: Clara, who is the wife of H. C. Hibbard of Santa Ana and the mother of one son: Harold Bishop married Miss Lela West, and they are the parents of one daughter. Harold Bishop is associated with his father in business, being his foreman of construction. The successful career of Fern S. Bishop is a striking example of what energy and resourcefulness, wisely directed, and centered on a definite goal, can accomplish.

MRS. IDA J. HUGHES — A most estimable woman of high ideals, pleasing personality and an interesting conversationalist is Mrs. Ida J. Hughes, the widow of the late M. F. Hughes, .a progressive rancher who passed away in September, 1918. Mrs. Hughes was born in 1856 in what was then the Territory of Kansas. She is the daughter of Jehu and Sarah H. Wilson, natives of Ohio and North Carolina, respectively. Mrs. Hughes was reared and educated in Kansas and attended the University of Kansas, after which she conducted a millinery business for three years in Lawrence. Kansas.

On January 4, 1882, she was united in marriage with M. F. Hughes, a native of Missouri, born in 1854, where he was reared and educated. He followed farming throughout his life, and although always a busy farmer he never neglected his duties to the state and nation, but always manifested the deepest interest in political matters, in which he was an ardent supporter of the Republican party.

On December 1, 1911, Mr. and Mrs. Hughes located on their ranch in Orange County, Cal. At that time the land was in a poor and unproductive condition and the buildings were small, but with his usual enterprising spirit Mr. Hughes began to improve and develop the place. He installed a splendid water system by sinking a well to the depth of 315 feet, securing thereby sufficient water to irrigate 100 acres; he also built a modern seven-room residence. Today the ranch is in a high state of cultivation and is chiefly devoted to raising oranges, although some walnuts and lemons are produced.

Mr. and Mrs. Hughes were the parents of three sons: Elmer J., the superintendent of a large ranch near Seal Beach, married Miss Delia Mulvihill, and they have a son, Paul V.; Charles F., also a rancher, married Miss Melba K. Allen; Everett V. married Miss Catherine Reynen, and they are the parents of two children, Joseph E. and Elizabeth A. Mrs. Hughes is affiliated with the Friends Church and the entire family are greatly esteemed in the community.

MISS BLANCHE L. DOLPH — A talented, public-spirited and generous lady, who feels a fond interest for California, for here she regained her health, is Miss Blanche L. Dolph, whose musical tastes and gifts have contributed toward the happiness of others, and whose fortunate investments since she came here have enabled her to assist others in their difficulties or distress. Miss Dolph was born at Scranton. Pa., the daughter of Edward Dolph, one of an early French-American family, whose name was originally De Wolf, later contracted to Dolph. His father was Alexander Dolph, a farmer near Scranton. Becoming a coal operator at Scranton, Edward Dolph became well posted on coal formation and thus discovered the outcropping on his father's farm, which proved to be a rich vein of coal, which has been and is a source of wealth to the family. In time, therefore, Mr. Dolph became a large and influential coal operator in Scranton, and there, too, in earlier days he had married Miss Elizabeth Wadhams, descended from an old English family. They had five children, two sons and three daughters, and the youngest, Edward S., is manager of the Dolph's interests at Scranton. Lewis Cass was the oldest son and third child of the family, and he died when he was twelve years old. The eldest born is Miss Florence Dolph, who resides at 2021 Ocean View Avenue, Los Angeles. Another sister, Mrs. Josette N. Robertson, lives at Scranton. Mrs. Dolph outlived her husband eight years and died in 1898 at Scranton. Senator Dolph of Oregon is a relative.

Miss Dolph attended the common schools of Scranton and later the University at Lewisburg. Having a natural talent and love for music she studied the violin, cornet and piano, and came to be in much demand, especially for churches and societies, which she was always glad to help, and she also frequently favored communities of other cities in that region. Thirty-four years ago, on her first visit to California, in 1886, she first saw the neighborhood of San Juan-by-the-Sea, where she now resides. She had traveled extensively throughout the United States and Europe as well as the Orient, and her experienced eye enabled her to pick the site of her home on account of its beautiful view and natural beauty, commanding as it does a view of the broad Pacific as well as the beautiful San Juan Valley, while in the background are the Temescal Mountains in their grandeur. She still held, until two years ago, the old home at Scranton, but six years ago she built her beautiful mansion near Serra or old San Juan-by-the-Sea, one of the most picturesque mountain homes by the ocean in all California. Then she wisely invested in ranch land near San Juan Capistrano, and while she gives it the proper oversight, her main interests in life are humanitarian and charitable. Miss Dolph is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and she participated in Red Cross and other war activities. She has crossed the Continent sixty times, and on her trips in 1902 and 1908 crossed via the Isthmus of Panama. Her friend and companion. Miss Lucella McGaughey, who was pastor's assistant at the Second Presbyterian Church at Scranton for eighteen years, a well-posted Bible student, has joined her in some of these transcontinental trips, and in 1917 they motored the entire distance from New York City to their home at San Juan-by-the-Sea. She has had other places constructed for her, and among them a pretty residence at Arch Beach, nine miles north from San Juan Capistrano, along the coast.

Aside from her musical ability Miss Dolph also displays much talent as an artist and has a large circle of friends among the colony of artists who make their home part of the time in Southern California. Thus her rooms are replete with beautiful paintings from the hands of some of the best-known modern painters. Of a pleasing personality and hospitable nature it is indeed a pleasure to know and share Miss Dolph's friendship.

MRS. LAURA REED FORD — A distinguished resident of East Villa Park is Mrs. Laura Reed Ford, the widow of John Critenton Ford, whose handsome residence is one of the attractions of Park Road. She is a native daughter, born near Downey, Cal., the daughter of Robb R. and Antonia (Troll) Reed. Her father came from Pennsylvania to California in pioneer days, while her mother crossed the plains in an ox-team train with her father in 1849 to San Francisco. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Reed came to San Luis Obispo, then to Downey and later still to Julian, San Diego County, where they were engaged in merchandising until their death. Mrs. Ford is the second oldest of three children born of this union. John Critenton Ford was born at Benton, Franklin County. Ill., on November 7, 1861, the son of John P. and Louise (Young) Ford, old settlers of Illinois. Jno. P. Ford, who came to California in 1885, was a prosperous farmer, with a splendid tract of 160 acres in Illinois, and very expert in the raising of corn, cattle and hogs. John Critenton attended both the grammar and the high schools at Benton, Ill., and lived on his father's farm until 1881, when he and his brother Theodore pushed west to California and settled at Santa Ana. John Critenton joined another brother, George W. Ford, and went into the nursery business. After a while, John Critenton moved to the Julian Mountains in San Diego County and went into the nursery and apple industry for himself.

Mr. and Mrs. R. R. Reed moved to Julian when Laura Reed was a child, and there she attended the grammar school. There, also, she met Mr. Ford, and they were married on May 11, 1892. Thereafter for eight years they lived in Julian, at which place Mr. Ford continued to develop his well-known nursery.

In 1900, however, Mr. Ford sold out and removed to a place northeast of Garden Grove, where he spent a year in raising beets. Then he moved onto a dairy farm on  Fifth Street, in Santa .Ana, and two years were spent in dairying on a ranch of fifteen acres. In 1903, another change was made, and the family moved to Edinger Street, south of Santa Ana. where Mr. Ford rented a ranch of 125 acres. He put in grain, and had a dairy. In the four years that he was there, he kept twenty-four head of cattle and seven head of horses.

In 1907 he sold out and bought the present Ford homesite on Park Road, in East Villa Park. It comprises about eight and a half acres, one-third of which is set out to Valencias and two-thirds to lemons. It is watered by the John T. Carpenter Water Company, in which the Fords have twenty-three shares. Under Mr. Ford's skillful hand, this place was being nicely developed, when, on October 8, 1914, he was called upon to lay aside the cares and responsibilities of earthly life. Mr. Ford took an active part in the work of the Villa Park Congregational Church: and in this commendable work the esteemed widow and her family continue a live interest.

Two sons and two daughters are a comfort and pride to Mrs. Ford. Homer F. is living on the old homesite, and is married to Ruby L. Kreschal.  George C. Ford is an electrician and machinist, who lives at Orange and is married to Alma Ziesnig of Illinois. Annie L. is a graduate of the Orange high school; and Myrtle May is also a student there. Both daughters are interested in the study of the piano, playing well, and Myrtle also plays the cornet in the high school band, an organization of sixty pieces. Both sons belong to the Orange Lodge of Redmen. Mrs. Ford is a member of the Central Lemon Association of Villa Park and the Villa Park Orange Association.

Since Mr. Ford's death Mrs. Ford, with the aid of her children, has continued to care for and develop the ranch according to the plans which they had laid out, and it is now a full-bearing orchard. On March 23, 1918, she met a severe loss, her home being destroyed by lire. She immediately rebuilt, erecting a modern bungalow, as stated above, the pride of the community, and attracting the attention of the passers-by. Mr. Ford always insisted on giving much of the credit of bringing their ranch to such a high state of development to Mrs. Ford, for by her assistance and help, not only in the home, encouraging him in his ambitions, but also in the starting of the orchard she worked by his side in the care of the trees, whether in cultivating, irrigating or pruning of the same. The citizens of Orange County can be proud to have a native daughter of Mrs. Ford's capability, energy and progressive ideas as one of its citizens and boosters.

JOSEPH YOCH — Recognized as one of the leaders in all forward movements of the organization and early upbuilding of Orange County. Joseph Yoch is living practically retired from active business cares. He was born May 17, 1844, near Berlin, Germany, from which country his parents set sail to America in 1847. His father was a stonemason by trade and a contractor after landing in the United States. He was also engaged in agricultural pursuits which soon occupied all of the time of father and sons. The mother was Katharine Glorius before her marriage, and she became the mother of John. Joseph and Bernard. When the family left Germany, they brought with them all of their household belongings as well as their wagon and farming implements and seeds. They landed at New Orleans and from there took a river boat up the Mississippi River to St. Louis, Mo. For ten years the family farmed and then the father sold out and engaged in coal mining, and so successful was he that he established one of the largest individually owned fields in the coal region. His wife died in 1863, and he lived until 1885, dying at Belleville, Ill.

From the age of nineteen, Joseph Yoch controlled the business, allowing his father to retire. Under the firm name of Joseph Yoch and Brothers the three sons worked and were prosperous. While Joseph was the chief executive of the company, he ascribes its great success to the invention by his brother Bernard of the road engine, known as the B. Yoch engine, which is self-propelling. Joseph Yoch handled over three and one-half million bushels of coal annually. On the line of the Indianapolis and St. Louis Railway, near Litchfield, he had a coal field of 400 acres. The firm also had coal mines on the Louisville and Nashville Railway, on the Southern Illinois, and in the various counties and employed 300 to 400 men in the operation of their fifteen mines. One of the many interests built up by this company was the building of a transfer boat for the purpose of transporting coal from the east to the west side of the Mississippi River. This ferry attracted the notice of the Jay Gould interests that in 1886 bought out the company of Joseph Yoch and Bros., together with the Consolidated Coal Company, in which Joseph Yoch was prominent, and which controlled the output of coal in the zone for fifty miles about St. Louis. After the Jay Gould syndicate purchased these coal properties, they offered Joseph Yoch a position, but he remained only one month to help the new managers to become acquainted with this field.

In 1886, after disposing of his interests in the Illinois coal business, Mr. Yoch made a trip to California, returning with his family in 1887 to Santa Ana, where he purchased the present home place at 1012 North Main Street. He had become financially interested in the Black Star Coal Mine of Santiago Canyon in 1887. Later he invested in other mining property in the Santiago, and for a number of years worked these two mines. The Black Star, however, has been inactive for more than twenty years. In 1889, Mr. Yoch established a brick yard in Santa Ana. In 1895 he became interested in ranching at EI Monte, Los Angeles County, and sunk the first successful irrigating well in that vicinity; this property was disposed of some time ago and it is now owned by J. S. Killian.

The Laguna Beach territory claimed Mr. Yoch's attention in 1895, when he bought the hotel and store. Soon after he was appointed postmaster, which office he held for ten years. Besides a large amount of real estate in the town of Laguna Beach, which is under lease, Mr. Yoch also owns a fine ranch of 1,000 acres in Laguna Canyon, some of which is now leased for oil. It is due to his enterprise that this section had its early water supply and its first telephone line, which Mr. James Irvine generously allowed Mr. Yoch to construct over ten miles of the Irvine ranch.

On May 14, 1878, Mr. Yoch was united in marriage with Catharine Isch, whose parents were natives of Lorraine, France. Her mother's family the Pfeiffers, came to America from France in 1825, and were pioneers of Illinois. John Nicholas Isch, her father, was a soldier of France in 1836, and on coming to America, in 1840, located in St. Clair County, Ill. There were then a number of Indians in the vicinity and he established friendly relations with them, which always continued. Mrs. Yoch received her education in the public schools of that neighborhood, with a two years' course at the State Normal School at Normal, Ill., afterwards teaching at the school at Centerville, which she had attended in her girlhood. Mr. and Mrs. Yoch are the parents of six children: Josephine is a teacher of languages in the Los Angeles high school: Bertha is the wife of Thomas Doyle, a stockraiser at Phoenix, Ariz., and they have six children: Elizabeth is the wife of Captain Theodore Lewton, chief engineer of the Coast Guard, U. S. N., and they have two children: Caroline is the wife of Redmond Barnett of New York, and they have three children; Agnes is the wife of Eliot West, the owner of a large confectionery manufacturing company at Norfolk, Va.; Florence, a graduate of the University of Illinois, resides in Los Angeles, and is a landscape architect of national fame.

Joseph Yoch was twice on the Santa Ana Board of Trustees, and was a supervisor for one term, during which term was built the first bridge across the river on Fifth Street, and the term when the present court house was located, serving as chairman during the entire period. In politics he has always been a Democrat both "in and out of season," but in local affairs adopts the wise measure of supporting the best men regardless of party lines. Mr. Yoch was a director of the First National Bank of Santa Ana for twenty years, and also its vice-president. In his character he is kind and has always scorned to speak ill of any person he knew. He is one who has devoted himself generously in public service to the land of his adoption.

RANCHO CANON DE SANTA ANA — One among the few remaining large ranches in Orange County, is Rancho Canon de Santa Ana, well watered by the Santa Ana River flowing through, and it is equally well served by the Santa Fe Railway, on its route from San Bernardino to San Diego. There is a switch and signal station on the ranch known as Gypsum from which the products of the farm are dispatched, and where the home imports arrive. There is also a station named Horseshoe Bend. The farm is at the extreme eastern end of the Yorba precinct, in the northeastern part of Orange County. Its manager is Mrs. S. B. Bryant, of Los Angeles—whose maiden name was Bixby, explaining that the place was formerly known as one of the Bixby ranches, the property of John Bixby, now deceased, at present owned by his two children, Mrs. S. B. Bryant and Fred Bixby. "It still comprises 6,000 acres, beautifully located in the canyon of the Santa Ana River, and running clear up to the mountains, forming the boundary line between Orange and Riverside counties.

The principal product of the rancho is citrus fruit, of which there are 140 acres in all, sixty-three acres being given up to Valencia oranges, thirty acres to Navels, and forty-seven acres to lemons. The trees are, for the most part, seven years old, and are just coming into profitable bearing. There are, besides, forty-five acres in pears. During the season of 1919 a carload of Bartletts was shipped from this ranch, bringing eighty-five dollars a ton. The ranch has also sixty acres of budded walnuts. There are twenty acres of alfalfa, partly for ranch use and partly for sale: and 200 acres of barley for hay, and sixty acres of black-eye beans. There is a great deal of pasture land. Forty-five head of horses and four mules are used for the work of the farm, and a Sampson sieve-grip tractor is employed for plowing and cultivating. From fifteen to twenty men are also employed on an average, and since January, 1916, Ernest R. Johnson, superintendent, has had charge of these interests.

ARTHUR FRANK WALKER — As an example of what may be accomplished by persistent energy, the life of A. F. Walker, known to a host of friends as Frank Walker, presents lessons of encouragement to young men starting out for themselves without the aid of means or influence, for starting without money, he is now the owner of 160 acres of choice land in the Bolsa district. Born in Santa Barbara County. November 18, 1881, Frank Walker is the son of Albert F. and Lottie (Stice) Walker, the father passing away when Frank was about six years old. There were two other children in the Walker family: Gillis A., a stock raiser at Red Bluff, and Edna, the wife of W. L. Ross, a rancher in the Bolsa precinct. Mrs. Walker later married J. A. Ross, a rancher, and they reside in the Bolsa precinct. Three children have been born of this marriage: Ralph, who resides at Red Bluff; Amelia, the wife of Cecil Combs, an oil man at Fullerton; and Vena.

Mr. Walker attended school in Santa Barbara County and at Bolsa, the Ross family moving here in 1893. Even while he was living in Santa Barbara County, then but a mere lad, he started to work out, saving his money year by year, and instead of buying a horse and buggy, as many of the other boys of his age did, he invested his savings in work stock, renting land for a number of years. As a boy he worked in the first celery field in Orange County. In 1904 he bought his first piece of land, a tract of fifteen acres, which he improved and sold, and he has at various times bought, improved and sold farming land in the Winterburg, Westminster and Bolsa precincts. He was one of the first in this locality to go into the raising of sugar beets on an extensive scale, and was the first to introduce the system of fall dry plowing of the land to be planted to sugar beets the next season, and this method has brought very successful and satisfactory results. He began raising sugar beets for the Los Alamitos Sugar Company and later for the Co-operative Sugar Company at Santa Ana. Mr. Walker still farms eighty acres of his land, devoting the acreage to lima beans, and the other eighty he rents out to Earl Gardner.

In 1905, Mr. Walker was married to Miss Lelah Kirk, a native of Iowa and the daughter of Charles Kirk, now a rancher in the Bolsa district. One daughter, Velda Marie, has been born to them. Mrs. Walker is a member of the Adventist Church and shares with her husband a just popularity in the community. Of strong physique, full of energy, determination and force of character, Mr. Walker has early in life achieved through his own unaided efforts a success in every way deserved.

HARRY W. STANLEY — A tireless worker and an unusually aggressive man, fortunate in the possession of ability, energy and enterprise, is Harry W. Stanley, one of the upbuilders of Anaheim, who is now engaged in the building of bungalows on his own property. Born near Bowling Green. Pike County, Mo., Mr. Stanley is the son of Samuel and Sarah Stanley. The father was a native of Virginia, and during the Civil War he served four years in the Confederate Army, being wounded five times in different engagements. After the close of the war he came to Pike County, Mo., where he was married to Miss Sarah Martin, a native of that state. When Harry W. Stanley was but four years old the mother passed away and the responsibility of rearing the family rested on the father. He continued farming, making a good success of growing tobacco and raising stock, and he still continues to reside on his Missouri farm in the enjoyment of comfortable circumstances.

From a little boy, Harry was taught to work and was never allowed to be idle; he has always been an inveterate worker and this has proven the secret of his success in later years. At the age of sixteen he struck out for himself, and going to St. Louis, Mo., he attended a trade automobile school for two years, where he made a thorough study of auto and tractor mechanism. The first eighteen months of that time he worked on an estate in his spare time, taking care of the lawn and doing odd jobs for his room and board. From St. Louis he went to Devil's Lake, N. D., and for five years worked at his trade in garages, remaining there until 1906. when he came to California. For the first five years he was employed on the Stanford University farm at Vine, Tehama County, where as master mechanic he had charge of all the repair work in their garages, repairing autos, tractors and farm implements, and all steam plumbing and boiler work. He next located at Wasco, Kern County, and here he built and opened a garage, which he conducted for a short time, later going to Downey, Los Angeles County, where he engaged in the garage business, and here he was very successful, selling the business for three times what he paid for it. About this time he was taken ill and confined in a hospital at Anaheim for three months, and all the money he had saved was consumed in this experience. When he recovered he had only a capital of $42.50, but he started in business again, this time in Anaheim, purchasing a small garage and shop called the Central Garage, located on South Los Angeles Street, giving his note for $1,000 to close the deal. In three months he had paid off all indebtedness and disposed of the business for $2,500. He was again taken ill, this time with influenza, and again his money vanished for expenses. On regaining his health he opened up a small repair shop at 133 North Lemon Street; this was called Stanley's Buick Repair Station and here he made an unprecedented success. An addition was built on to the building in the rear and he bought out a tenant who occupied the other half of the building. He built up the business from a room 10 by 20 until he used a space 55 by 175 and had the largest repair business in Anaheim, and with his well-equipped machine shop was ready to take care of anything in the line of automobile repairing, ignition and battery work, as well as brazing and welding. In addition he carried extra parts for the Dodge and Buick cars, and was agent for the Philadelphia battery. On March 4. 1920. Mr. Stanley disposed of this business at a lucrative figure, and then bought a confectionery store at Newport Beach. With his customary zeal he built up a fine business there and in six months sold it at a big profit. He then moved back to Anaheim, where he owns a number of lots, and is now engaged in building and selling bungalows. He has just finished a colonial bungalow at 112 North Olive Street, furnished complete with all modern conveniences, including electrical appliances for the household. The rooms are elegantly furnished with mahogany; as elaborate a home as can be found in the county.

Mr. Stanley's marriage, which occurred at San Bernardino, August 24, 1920, united him with Miss Lulu B. Putnam, the daughter of Edward and Estella Putnam, who came to California in 1908. Mrs. Stanley was born in Homer, Mich., and is a graduate of the Grand Rapids, Mich., Business College. Mr. Stanley has had his ups and downs, and has made and lost more than one fortune, but nothing daunted, he works all the harder and fortunately he has regained his fortune and now has a competency. He has indeed been fortunate in his helpmate, for his wife is well educated, cultured and refined and an encouragement to his ambition, as well as assisting him in business, for she is endowed by nature with excellent judgment and much business ability.

IRA E. PATTERSON — A resident of California who has been active in the building business is Ira E. Patterson, who was born near Annawan, Henry County, Ill., March 30, 186S, where he was reared and received a good education in the excellent public schools of that locality. When eighteen years of age he began learning the carpenter's trade, continuing in this line in Illinois until 1885. when he removed to lola, Kans. He followed his trade a short time and then began in the mercantile business. He was first engaged in the grocery trade but later he had a hardware store and lumber yard and he also ran a plumbing and sheet metal works at lola for seven years when he discontinued and for one year was superintendent of the city water and light plant.

In 1905 Mr. Patterson came to South Pasadena and became bookkeeper and cashier for the Live Hardware Company of that place. In 1908 he resigned this position to engage in contracting and building in South Pasadena and Pasadena, and was busily engaged in building residences in both places. In 1910 he began spending his summers at Anaheim Landing, where he followed contracting. In the summer of 1915, after having completed a large addition to the residence of A. C. Billicke, he came to Seal Beach for a month's vacation, but he liked it so well he remained here, engaging in contracting and building. In his contracting business he draws his own plans and superintends the construction.

Mr. Patterson was married in lola, Kans., November 18, 1888, being united with Miss Susie B. Waters, born in Lawrence, Kans. When ten years of age her parents moved to lola, Kans. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Patterson: Arthur E. is in business in Los Angeles; Lyford M. served in U. S. Army overseas in the World War and now resides in Portland; Helen Ruth is Mrs. Thomas of South Pasadena. Mr. Patterson is greatly interested in civic matters having served two years as city treasurer of Seal Beach. He is now a member and clerk of the board of school trustees in the Bay City district. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Seal Beach, Mr. Patterson having been a member for thirty-five years. They were among the original organizers of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Seal Beach. He had charge of the constructing of the church, is one of its most liberal and enthusiastic members, being a member of the board of trustees from its organization and is also superintendent of the Sunday school; he is now one of the oldest settlers of the town. Mr. Patterson is a leading member of the Chamber of Commerce and in politics is a Republican.

FRED LIEFFERS — An enterprising rancher who has been able to make such improvements on his valuable property that he is now both successful and influential, is Fred Lieflfers, who first came to Orange in the early eighties. He was born in Hanover, Germany, on February 2, 1861, the son of the Rev. William Liefifers, a minister of the Lutheran Church, and was brought up in the kingdom of Hanover, and educated at the public schools and the Hildesheim Gymnasium, or high school. When only fifteen years of age, he came out to the United States and in 1876 located at Omaha, where he continued his studies for a year at a private institute. Then, for eighteen months, he became a clerk in a grocery store, and later in Goodman's drug store; and there he studied pharmacy, serving the most practical apprenticeship to that important line for five years.

About that time, in 1883, Mr. Lieffers came west to Orange, accompanied by his mother from Omaha, and they bought a ranch half way between Orange and Tustin, and he went to work to improve it. He planted it to Muscat raisins, but they died out; again he set out the same kind of vines, but once more they withered away. He then set out the twenty-one and a half acres to walnuts and apricots and engaged in farming.

At Orange, too, in 1892. Mr. Lieffers was married to Miss Amelia Gatzke, a native of Posen, Germany, who came here with her parents in 1883. He then leased a ranch in Olive and ran it for four years, after which he bought the thirty-three and a half acres, set out to walnuts, and added some apricots. These he later grubbed out and set out oranges instead, and is now raising high-grade Valencia oranges. In the spring of 1919, he turned the management of the ranch over to his son and bought a home in the town of Orange, where he resides with his wife. Two children have blessed this fortunate union of Mr. and Mrs. Lieffers. Walter conducts the home ranch; and Gertrude has become Mrs. Boehner of Olive.

Mr. Lieffers and family have attended several churches, according to circumstances. Beginning with the second year of its organization, Mr. Lieffers belonged to the St. John's Lutheran Church at Orange. When he moved to the neighborhood of Olive, he was a charter member of St. Paul's Lutheran Church in that place, and for many years he was a trustee and the secretary of the church board. When he moved back to Orange, he again became a member of St. John's Lutheran Church.

In national politics, a Republican, Mr. Lieffers takes a live interest in nonpartisan endeavor for the advancement, development and uplift of the community in which he lives, and he is at all times first, and last, an American for America.

HON. CLYDE BISHOP — An eminent representative of the legal profession in California who has twice served a satisfied constituency as a member of the state legislature, is the Hon. Clyde Bishop, who first came to California in the early eighties.  He was born in Chicago, Ill., on May 23, 1875. the son of A. D. Bishop, a native of Ohio, who came to Chicago with his father, Umphry Hine Bishop and there built the first ice house on South Water Street erected in that city. Later, they lost everything by the great conflagration of 1871, after which they assisted in rebuilding the city. A. D. Bishop removed to Story County, Iowa, where he was a pioneer settler, engaging in contract painting at Nevada, but in 1881 he brought his family to California and located a mile south of Orange, where he now lives. Mrs. A. D. Bishop was Miss Annie Sabin Knight before her marriage. She was born on North Hero Island, Lake Champlain, Vt., a member of an old New England family, and died in California on the home ranch. These worthy parents had four children, all boys. Roy Knight is an orange rancher near Orange; Clyde is the subject of this review; Fern Sabin is a contractor at Santa Ana; and Umphry Holmes is also an orange grower at Orange. He graduated from the New England Conservatory of Music at Boston, but prefers the life of an orange grower.

Clyde Bishop was brought up at Santa Ana and was educated at the public schools of Orange. He assisted his father on the farm until he was twenty and then, as an actor, he joined a company and traveled through both the West and East and as far south as Mississippi. He served several years in the National Guard and when the Spanish-American War broke out he enlisted as a volunteer and was mustered in at San Francisco as a member of Company L, Seventh California Volunteer Infantry. He was stationed at the Presidio and was honorably discharged as a corporal. After the war he continued in the National Guard and at the close of fourteen years of honorable service had risen to the rank of first lieutenant. In May, 1899, Mr. Bishop began the study of law in the offices of C. S. McKelvey and Victor Montgomery at Santa Ana and on April IS, 1902, he was admitted to the California Bar. Four years later, on November 26, he was admitted to all the United States courts. In 1902 he opened the same office he has today, with the same desk, and is now the second oldest practicing attorney in Orange County with one of the largest and most lucrative practices in the county, and an ever-increasing clientele.

In 1906 Mr. Bishop was elected on the Republican ticket to the assembly of the California legislature and served during the winter of 1907 and he wrote, among other measures, the Newbert Protection District Bill, designed especially for the safe-guarding of Santa Ana. Having been elected again to the assembly in 1910, he was chairman of the committee on counties and county boundaries and a member of the judiciary committee and the committees on constitutional amendments and municipal corporations. In 1915 he wrote the act under which county bonds were voted for the improvement of the harbor at Newport Beach and spent his time and influence at the capital to see that it was passed. For two and a half years Mr. Bishop was city attorney of Orange and conducted the first bond issue, by which Orange bought the present city water works. He was also attorney for Newport Beach and conducted the proceedings creating Newport Beach. This office of city attorney he has held since September 1, 1906. In criminal and civil procedures Mr. Bishop has attained distinction. It can safely be said there has not been an important case in the courts of Orange County in last two decades that he has not been retained on one side or the other. A prominent Republican, but too broad-minded to be ultra-partisan in local affairs, Mr. Bishop is an honored member of the Orange County Bar Association and he also belongs to the Spanish-War Veterans' Association.

At Santa Ana he was married to Miss Ana Young, a native of New Jersey who was reared in Orange County. He is a Knights Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and is also a member of Al Malaikah Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., in Los Angeles, the Santa Ana Lodge of Elks, Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias, in which he is a past officer. Mr. Bishop is truly a self-made man, having risen through his own efforts to the high place he holds among the California Bar. He is very thorough and painstaking and is not satisfied until he gets to the bottom of the case in hand. He is an indefatigable worker and is never idle. With his pleasing personality and affable manner together with his integrity and honesty of purpose it -is not to be wondered at that he has attained a standing of such eminence.

JOSEPH F. VOLLMER — A successful contracting painter is Joseph F. Vollmer. the principal sign writer of Orange, pleasantly identified with the town for almost a decade. He was born in Mascoutah, St. Clair County, Ill., in 1879, the son of Wendel Vollmer, born in Germany, who came as a young man to Illinois and St. Clair County, and was married at Mascoutah to Miss Anna Goodwein, a native of that place. He was a farmer there, and later removed to East St. Louis, where he was in business until he died. He had nine children, seven of whom grew to maturity, and six of them are still living.

The eldest of these, Joseph attended the public schools in East St. Louis, and having obtained a place in Van Houten's paint shop, in East St. Louis, was apprenticed to learned the painter's trade. At the end of four years, he left there, and from 1907 for the next three years he was in the service of George A. Watts at St. Louis. Returning to East St. Louis, he worked at his trade under Mr. McNitt; but in 1912 broke away from the East, came to California and located at Orange.

Here he formed a partnership with Frank Pister, under the firm name of Pister & Vollmer, and together they undertook contract work in painting. In 1914, however, he sold out to Mr. Pister and took ,a trip East. Returning, he started in business for himself, and soon was in great demand as a sign writer. He did the painting of the El Modena School, the Center Street School and the Lemon Street School; the Methodist Episcopal Church, the Newport Harbor Yacht Club House, the N. T. Edwards residence, the house of the Foothill Valencia Growers Association, and all four of the Acme stores in the county, and numerous residences, including many bungalows. He belongs to the Merchants and Manufacturers Association, and is always glad to do what he can to advance the best interests of both city and county. A Republican in matters of party politics, Mr. Vollmer stands shoulder to shoulder with his fellow citizens, without regard to party affiliations, in the support of every good measure likely to benefit the community. He is the father of three children—Jack, Otto and Roch Vollmer.

RUDOLPH W. MILLER — One of the ablest contractors and builders in Orange whose success is doubtless in part due to the fact that, in addition to a valuable technical training, he has been favored with a well-developed sense of the artistic, is Rudolph W. Miller, familiarly known by his many friends as "Doc" Miller, a native of Fort Dodge, Webster County, Iowa, where he was born on May 24. 1874. His father, C. G. Miller, came to Iowa in the late fifties, while still a youth in his teens, accompanying an uncle; and although he was only eighteen on the breaking out of the Civil War, he immediately enlisted and throughout the great struggle served in the Thirty-second Iowa Volunteer Infantry. After the war, he learned the cabinetmaker's trade in Fort Dodge, and later started a furniture factory; and still later, he was engaged in contracting and building. He had married in Iowa, Pauline Loescher; and in that state he continued business until 1880, when he removed to Norfolk, Madison County, Nebr., and continued as a contractor, and thus helped to build up that town.

Rudolph Miller having come to Orange in 1905. the parents followed two years later; and here, in comfort and peace, they ended their days. In 1911 Mr. Miller died, and six years later, Mrs. Miller breathed her last. She was the mother of eight children, of whom Rudolph was the third eldest. He received all the educational advantages afforded by the Norfolk public schools, and then learned the carpenter trade under the guidance of his father. As soon as possible, too, he studied architecture during his spare moments, and so became skilled as a draftsman as well as a carpenter. In 1905 he located at Orange and here entered the employ of the Ainsworth Lumber and Milling Company, working in their cabinet department, and continuing with them until they sold out.

Mr. Miller then took up contracting and building for himself. His first contract was entered upon with two partners, H. W. Duker and Emil Loescher, with whom he erected the St. John's Lutheran Church in 1913, the largest structure in Orange, and after that he formed a partnership with Emil Loescher and Fred T. Volberding, and engaged in contracting and building. A year later, these enterprising gentlemen put up a planning mill on North Lemon Street, and they also engaged in manufacturing. In January, 1919, Mr. Volberding and Mr. Miller bought out Mr. Loescher, and since then they have carried on the business together, styling themselves the Orange Contracting and Milling Company.

Having equipped their establishment with electric power and the latest and most modern machinery for doing mill and cabinet work, they have laid in a large stock of hardwoods, cedar, white pine and finishing lumber, and for those clients who desire them, they make plans, designing bungalows and more pretentious residences. They have thus acquired a reputation for the highest class of work, and a sample of what they can do may be found in Mr. Miller's own residence on East Palmyra Street, one of the finest finished homes in the county. Mr. Miller is naturally a member of the American Contractors Association.

At Orange, on July 4, 1916, Mr. Miller was married to Mrs. Fay (Casner) Meehan. a native of Ventura County, Cal., and the daughter of Thos. J. Casner, who was born in Texas and crossed the plains to California, in his twenty-first year, with his parents. They settled in San Diego County, where her father married Texanna Lester, also a native of Texas, and moved to Ventura County. There they farmed, later removing to Santa Paula, in which place Mrs. Casner died. The father now resides in Selma. There were eight children in the family, and Fay, as the second eldest, was educated at Santa Paula. She was first married at Orange, in 1897, to Jack E. Meehan, a native of York, Nebr., who came to Orange and was proprietor of the Plaza Market for many years, in partnership with N. T. Edwards; when they dissolved, Mr. Meehan went in for wholesaling meat, and in that line of trade he was engaged when he died, in August, 1912.

THOMAS L. McFADDEN — It is interesting to chronicle the life of a native son who has had the ambition to acquire a wide and comprehensive knowledge of the law and, combined with high ideals, bring it into practice and make a success of his profession, commanding the confidence and respect of the people in the community where he was born and reared. Such is the case with Thomas L. McFadden, the son of pioneer parents, William M. and Sarah J. (Earl) McFadden, prominent in the development and building up of the Placentia section. Of their six children that reached maturity, five of whom are living, Thomas L. is the fourth eldest. A native son of Orange County, he was born at Placentia April 24, 1878. He was reared on the farm and early acquired habits of industry, laying the foundation of his physical strength that is of such great assistance to him in everyday life.

He received his preliminary education in the Placentia schools and the Fullerton Union high school, where he was graduated in 1896, when he entered Stanford University, graduating in the class of 1900, with the degree of A.B. During his university course he was for two years a member of the varsity football team, playing left end. He then studied two years at Stanford Law School, and taking the examination at San Francisco, was admitted to the bar in 1903. After practicing law in San Francisco for a year, he located in Bellingham, Wash., engaging in the practice of law. He served as city attorney of Bellingham, from 1908 to 1912. On account of the death of his brother in that year, he returned to Placentia, where he opened a law office and practiced until 1920, when he formed a partnership with H. G. Ames, as Ames and McFadden, with offices in the Odd Fellows building at Anaheim. Aside from his practice, he is interested in his father's estate, incorporated as the Pioneer Ranch Company, of which he is secretary.

Mr. McFadden established domestic ties by his marriage June 19, 1912, to Miss Lucana Forster of San Juan Capistrano, a daughter of Marco Forster, the pioneer of that place, and they are the parents of one daughter, Ysidora. Mr. McFadden achieved considerable success as a member of the varsity football team at Stanford, becoming a well-known coach, so that while at Stanford, he spent two season as coach for the Pacific University team at Forest Grove, Ore., then of the Oregon Agricultural College at Corvallis a season, and then his first year at Bellingham he spent a season as coach for the football team of De Pauw University at Greencastle, Ind. Fraternally Mr. McFadden is a member of Fullerton Lodge No. 339, F. & A. M., and Fullerton Chapter, R. A. M., and is also a member of the Knights of Pythias as well as past exalted ruler of Anaheim Lodge No. 1345, B. P. O. Elks. He is a popular member of the Fullerton Club, the Hacienda Country Club of La Habra, the Newport Harbor Yacht Club and the Union League Club of Los .Angeles, as well as the state and county bar associations.

WILLIAM FALKENSTEIN — A merchant who has attained an enviable success through having built on a foundation of unremitting industry, broad experience and the highest integrity, is William Falkenstein, proprietor and director of Falkenstein's Department Store. He was born in Germany, of an historic German family, on March 16, 1866, the son of Selmar and Anna (Furstenheim) Falkenstein, both of whom are dead. Five children were born to them, and five grew up to do them honor; and fourth in the order of birth was William, the subject of our interesting review.

He enjoyed the best of educational advantages in his native land and not only attended the grammar grades, but also studied at the high school. He worked for several years in Germany, and at the age of twenty-six came to the United States. For awhile he stayed in New York City, but in 1893 he decided to push on to the great West.

Coming to California, he located at Fullerton, where for three years he was in the service of Messrs. Stern and Goodman. He went to Phoenix for a couple of years, but came back to Fullerton again; and in 1899 removed to Anaheim where, with a partner, he helped form the firm of Harris & Falkenstein. After several years he bought out his partner, and since then has conducted alone a very successful trade. He has, very naturally, become an important factor in the Merchants and Manufacturers Association and in the Board of Trade.

On September 16, 1900, Mr. Falkenstein was married to Miss Regina Harris, of Santa Ana, and they have had two children—Stanley M., who is attending the University of California, and Edith Ruth. He belongs to the Mother Colony Club, and is a past master Mason in Lodge No. 207 of Anaheim. Having served for a year in the German army, and thus done his full duty in that respect by his native country, Mr. Falkenstein has been the more ready and experienced in performing his civic duties here, and as a Republican has taken an active interest in national politics, and has  always worked hard for civic improvements. He has prospered in his adopted country, and has ever striven to give back from that which he has thus bountifully received.

WALLACE B. DENNIS — A highly esteemed citizen of Orange who was for four years president of the school board and has long been a leader in his vicinity, is Wallace B. Dennis, a native of Iowa, where he was born near Iowa City on August 16, 1866. His father, Milton Dennis, was a native of Ohio, a member of an old Eastern family, and he became a pioneer of Iowa, when he came there with his parents and  settled in Johnson County. The youngest son, he followed farming there and raised grain; and also went in for lumbering, operating on the Iowa River. He had a steam sawmill and made up lumber of ash, oak and hickory; and he became prominent in the lumber trade, being a sawyer and understanding the manufacture of just what was wanted. In 1875 he removed to Shelby County and became a farmer there; and after four years moved again to Villisca, Iowa. Then he went to Scribner, Nebr., still active in agricultural pursuits; and having retired, he died there, at the age of eighty-two. He had married Miss Eliza Crawford, a native of Ohio or Illinois; and she died in Nebraska on the same day as did her husband, under pathetic circumstances. She was in her seventy-ninth year in 1907, and had been ill for some time; and when the old gentleman was told that his companion of so many years could not live, he fell dead. They were the beloved parents of eleven children, eight of whom are still living.

The youngest child of all, and the only one living in California, W. B. Dennis was brought up on a farm in Iowa and there attended the public schools. Then he went to .Atlantic, Iowa, and completed his schooling, after which he commenced to work, with his brother, on his father's farm. At the end of a year, he went to Scribner, Dodge County, Nebr., and continued farm work, and at the age of twenty-one, began to farm for himself.

In Nebraska, on January 23, 1895, Mr. Dennis was married to Miss Mae Evelyn NefT, a native of Fremont, Dodge County, Nebr., and the daughter of Lewis H. and Lydia A. (Marshall) NefT, born respectively in Ohio and Iowa. When fifteen years old her father ran away and enlisted in the Civil War; and as a member of an Illinois regiment, he served throughout the great conflict. He then went to a business college in Davenport, and after that came out to Dodge County, Nebr., and was married at Fremont to Lydia Marshall. Then he engaged in the harness and saddlery business until 1912, when he sold out and, coming to California, located at Santa .Ana, where they now reside. Mrs. Dennis is the eldest of the four children. The Dennis boys and their father had formed a partnership, but they dissolved the same in 1896, and W. B. Dennis leased a farm and engaged in raising cattle and hogs. He finally removed to Plainville, Rooks County, Kans., and bought a farm of 160 acres. He also leased land and raised wheat and corn. He was the first one to grow corn at Plainville, and having propitious rains that year, averaged sixty bushels to the acre.

Two years later, he sold his farm and moved to Cody, Wyo., where he bought a ranch and also engaged in contracting to do teaming during the building of the great Shoshone dam, hauling all the coal for the engineers, and handling the same as a broker. This work required sixteen four-horse teams. Two years later, when the work had advanced that far, he took the contract to haul all the cement, and then used fifty four-horse teams, hauling all the cement and the coal. This had to be hauled over a mountain, and it took five years to complete the dam. On the completion of his contracts, Mr. Dennis sold his stock and in 1910 came west to sunnier California.

Locating at Orange, he soon afterwards bought his present ranch of thirteen acres on East Chapman Avenue along Santiago Creek. It was partly set out to orange trees, and the remaining three and a half acres he himself set out, mostly in Valencias and the balance in Navels, and this he cares for himself. He is one of the original members of the McPherson Heights Citrus Association, and is also a director in the same and he belongs to the Commercial Club.

Two children have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Dennis. Marie June is a graduate of the University of Southern California and now doing post-graduate work, and Jean is a graduate of the Orange Union high school and a freshman in the University of California. The family attends the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Dennis was a school trustee of the Craig district for four years, and during this time they built the Intermediate school on North Glassell Street, and he was president of the board the entire four years. He was a Mason in Cody, Wyo., and is now a member of the Orange Grove Lodge No. 293, at Orange. With Mrs. Dennis, he is also a member of Scepter Chapter No. 163, O. E. S., where Mrs. Dennis is a past matron.

MRS. METTE HANSEN — One of Orange County's capable, progressive women, who deserves much credit for her devotion and ability as a mother and business woman, is Mrs. Mette Hansen, widow of the later Charles Hansen. A hard-working, self-made man, conservative in his business relations and yet progressive to a high degree, he struggled long as a pioneer, and started the ranching that has since his death been made a success, thanks to his devoted wife. One of two sons of Hans Hansen, he was born near Varde, Denmark. He came to the United States and spent a short time in the East and then came to California, where he had a brother, Peter Hansen, living m the Placentia district. Orange County; there he purchased some land to the northwest of that town. After a while, he went back to Denmark for a visit; but the lure of California made his stay there short, and the same year he again trod the soil of the Golden State. He did not come alone, however, for he brought with him Miss Mette Nielsen, the daughter of Niels Andreasen, a farmer of Varde, Denmark, whom he married, on their arrival at Placentia in 1877, and they began housekeeping on his ranch of fifty-three acres.

The countryside was open and wild in those days, only a few scattered dwellings and settlers marking the growth of the territory from the time when the Indians predominated; and many hardships were experienced and had to be borne as best one could. Water was wanting; and Mr. Hansen was one who helped to construct the Cajon ditch, later known as the Anaheim Union Water Company, the cost of which was shouldered by the few ranch owners then in that area. So far had Mr. Hansen progressed in establishing something worth while for himself and his family that he had set out his land to vineyards, and had harvested two crops when on June 5, 1886, at Fullerton, he passed away, lamented by all who really knew him.

After Mr. Hansen's death, his widow pushed on bravely alone with the great additional responsibility of rearing the four children which had blessed the happy union; and how well she got along may be judged from the fact that she had- occasion to consult an attorney only once or twice. Now her holdings include sixteen acres of the original tract which she has set to Valencia and Navel oranges, which is managed by her son-in-law, Lee O. Myers, who himself owns another twenty acres. In addition, Mrs. Hansen owns a fine cotton and alfalfa ranch of sixty acres in the Palo Verde Valley, and this is made profitable by the wise management and personal attention of Mrs. Hansen's oldest son.

The four children referred to are Mettinos, Lena. Mette and Emma; and all but the latter are still living: Mettinos is a rancher at Palo Verde and has six children: Lena is the wife of John E. Wagner; and Mette is Mrs. Lee O. Myers. Each child has some particular accomplishment of which any parent might well be proud, and each has profited by the Christian example of their lamented father, whose walk in life was simple, unassuming and just. In religion Mrs. Hansen is a Lutheran and believes in the golden rule of doing to others as you would be done by. She is now one of the few remaining pioneers of the Placentia section and has very materially helped to build up the county.

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN DIERKER — Few orange orchards in all California can show a higher state of improvement, for the time devoted to it, or a more promising development, than the tract of ten acres, brought to its present level through the experience, insight and industry of its owner, Benjamin Franklin Dierker, who came to Orange for the first time in the early nineties. He was born in Monterey, Cuming County, Nebr., in October, 1877, the son of the esteemed pioneer. Henry Dierker, and the seventh oldest of the family. He attended the public schools there until he was fifteen, and then came to Orange, Cal., where he continued his school work. After that he pursued a commercial course at the Orange County Business College, at the conclusion of which he worked with his father.

He bought forty acres at Olive, at $100 per acre, and set out oranges and walnuts; and at the end of four years he sold it for $14,000. Then he spent a year in the employ of the Pixley Hardware Company, but selling his residence, he returned to Nebraska, where he bought a farm of 280 acres, on which for three years he raised corn and stock. Disgusted, however, with the cold winters, and longing for the balmier climate of California, he again disposed of what he had and returned to Orange.

In 1909 Mr. Dierker bought his present place, some ten acres on West Palmyra  Street, at that time mere vacant ground; and he set out Valencias now doing well. He laid cement pipe lines, built a two-story, ten-room house, and made it one of the show places of the county. He also joined the Santiago Orange Growers Association, and helped along the excellent work of that live organization.

During this later residence at Orange, Mr. Dierker married Miss Rozella Kloth, who had moved with her parents from Minnesota to Orange. They attend the Lutheran Church, as do also their children, Nelson, Alfred, Thelma and Marie, and undertake their share of both church and civic work.

AMANDUS W. BEACH and MRS. AUREL BEACH — A member of the Christian Science faith and practice whose influence in these days of rapid modern advancement has been effectual and helpful to many, is Mrs. Aurel Beach of Orange. Her husband, who passed on in 1913, was widely known as a good and farseeing man; and when he was called to lay aside the toil and responsibilities of this world, his faithful helpmate continued the good work he had begun.

He was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio, on August 5, 1838, and moved to Nebraska in 1857, where he located at Weeping Water, in Cass County. He resided there until the fall of 1862 when he enlisted in Company H of the Second Nebraska Cavalry and was mustered in for nine months' service against the Indians. He really served thirteen months, and in November, 1863. was honorably discharged. Then he started back to Ohio, and on December 24. 1863, arrived at Painesville, in Lake County. The next day—Christmas—he was married there to Miss Aurel Paine, who was born near Painesville, Ohio, in LeRoy Township, on January 26, 1839. Her great-grandfather, Eleazar Paine had served in the Revolutionary War, and in 1802 moved with his family to Connecticut Western Reserve in Ohio, and there in what was then Geauga, and later Lake County, he founded Painesville. At that time, the grandfather, Hendrick E. Paine, a native of Connecticut, was fourteen years old, and he served in the War of 1812.

About 1855, Hendrick Paine removed from Painesville to Monmouth, Ill., and there he died. Henry Paine was Mrs. Beach's father, and he was a native of Ohio, where he was born in 1810. He was a forge roan and manufactured Paine's Plows and later was a farmer in LeRoy Township, and also a justice of the peace and a commissioner of Lake County. His wife was Harriet N. Tuttle. a native of Austinburg, Ashtabula County, Ohio, and her parents came from Connecticut in 1811. Great-grandfathers Tuttle and Mills were Revolutionary soldiers. The grandfather, Ira Tuttle, was a farmer and a brick manufacturer. The parents, who died in LeRoy, were blessed with ten children; eight of these are still living, and six are over seventy years of age.

Mrs. Beach was educated at the public schools and at Madison Seminary, and from her seventeenth year taught school in Lake and Geauga counties. She then went to Monmouth, Ill., to rest, but again taught for eighteen months, after which she returned to Ohio, in which state she was married.

In the spring of 1864, Mr. Beach returned to Nebraska with his bride and located at Weeping Water. There were only three log houses in the little burg at that time, and a grist mill, and the Beach dwelling was a log house. For a while he did teaming for the mill, hauling flour to Nebraska City and bringing back lumber, and there, in her own house, Mrs. Beach taught school for a few weeks. In the meantime, while they improved their homestead, they began farming. In November, 1865, Mr. Smith, their brother-in-law came out and bought eighty acres of Mr. Beach; and a year later Mr. Beach's brother bought the balance of the property. For about eight years Mr. Beach was busy as an agriculturist on the Bellows farm, and while there Mrs. Beach was severely injured through the overturning of their buggy. They then went back to Ohio for her health but remained for six years, and then returned to Weeping Water, where he was a clerk for several years. They also bought a farm near Weeping Water, which they conducted from 1880 until 1900, when they sold out. In the meantime, the Missouri Pacific Railway built in, and Mr. Beach sold the company twenty-three acres; and then, when the branch was built to Lincoln, he sold more of the land. They continued to reside in Weeping Water until 1910, when they came to Orange and located on South Center Street.

Mr. Beach died on July 3. 1913, and Mrs. Beach sold the house and lot and took a trip back to Weeping Water, where Mr. Beach was buried. He was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and was past commander of the post at Weeping Water, also past commander of Gordon Granger Post, at Orange. Two children passed away in Nebraska. Henry Paine, who died when he was twenty months old, and Harry Paine, who lived to be four and a half years old. In November, 1913, Mrs. Beach returned to Orange, and she has made her home here ever since. Mr. Beach was a Republican, and both husband and wife were ardent Christian Scientists.

This interest in Science work arose and developed largely because of personal experience. Mrs. Beach was in very poor health from an accident, having been injured in the overturning of their buggy, and she was given up by the local physician. She went to Omaha, where she was healed by a Christian Science practitioner, in 1886. Mr. Beach had consumption, and was also healed in the same year. That same year they took instruction and began to practice. In 1888, while in Ohio on a visit, she found her oldest sister thought to be passing away with heart failure. The sister requested Mrs. Beach to treat her, and she recovered and lived for fifteen years. The healing brought so many cases that Mr. and Mrs. Beach remained there for several months. Mr. Beach was successful in particular to a wonderful degree as a practitioner, but they had to return to Nebraska to look after business affairs. In 1902 they made another trip back to Leroy, Ohio, and traveled throughout the East, and after another sojourn in Nebraska, they came to Southern California.

GEORGE HILL PIRIE — An enterprising, progressive citizen who understands the many problems of citrus-growing, is well informed on earlier days, and very enthusiastic for the building up of Orange County, is George Hill Pirie. a native of New York City, where he was born in 1857. His father was George Pirie, a native of Scotland, who came to New York as a stonecutter, became an American citizen, and married Christina Hill, also a native of Scotland. Moving to Cedar County, Iowa, he engaged in agricultural pursuits, and there both he and his good wife died. Of the four boys and two girls in the family, three sons and one daughter are still living and of these, George and a brother Alexander are the only ones in California.

Brought up on a farm in Iowa, George Pirie was educated at the public schools, and in 1882 came to California, where he located in Orange County. For a while he worked at ranching, and for a time he owned a ranch; then he was foreman for Dr. I. Adams ranch, and directed the extensive operations there in the growing of walnuts, oranges and other fruit, continuing there for eighteen years. When his health was impaired, he resigned and then purchased a ranch which he still owns.

Mr. Pirie has been very successful each time that he made a "buy." and one of his fortunate purchases is the corner of Olive and Chapman streets, where he has reconstructed the buildings, and has built up other properties in town. He laid out ten acres on North Lemon Street, and sold the same as the Pirie Home Tract, disposing of it in lots; and he also sold at an advantage some ten acres he once owned on North Glassell Street.

A Republican in national political affairs, Mr. Pirie takes a live interest in civic life, and strives to do what he can. under Republican auspices, to elevate politics; but in local matters he recognizes no such political bonds or partisanship differences, and always tries to support the best men and the best measures.

HENRY W. DUKER — An enterprising contractor who has abundantly demonstrated that he can both successfully build houses and cultivate citrus fruit, and who has thus shown his desire to build up the town and community to the highest standard possible, is Henry W. Duker, who first came to California in the latter part of 1904, and who has been more and more identifying himself with the Golden State ever since. He was born at River Park, Chicago, Ill., on October 27, 1868. the son of Henry Duker, who was for a while a contractor and then a farmer at River Park. He was a native of Hanover, Germany, and there married Miss Caroline Ude. In 1886 they removed from Chicago to Iowa; and in that more western home-land they died. They had eight children, among whom Henry was the second eldest, and is now the only one living in California.

He was reared on a farm, and at the same time attended the local public schools; and removing with his folks to Fort Dodge, Iowa, he continued to assist his father on the farm until he was twenty-three years of age. Then, on October 27, 1892, at Fort Dodge he was married to Miss Elizabeth Bartsch, a native of Chicago and the daughter of William and Rose (Straus)) Bartsch—the former, a carpenter and builder who died there, the latter a gifted domestic woman, who had come to settle in Iowa, and there was educated. For a while Mr. Duker continued farming, owning a nice farm four miles north from Fort Dodge; but in 1904 he sold out and located at Orange. Cal.

For the first three years he lived at the corner of Washington Avenue and Shaffer Street, and then he built his extensive house on East Palmyra and Shaffer streets on a lot he had bought when he first came here. Since 1904 he has been engaged in contracting and masonry, and he has done the masonry work on many notable structures including the Jorn Building, the Ehlen and Grote Building, the Barker Building, and various machine shops and garages. He was associated with R. W. Miller  in the erection of the Lutheran Church here, and he has also carried through much good contracting in other parts of Orange County. In 1919, he completed his own new cement residence, on Batavia Street, a fine location with an orange grove of three and a half acres. This type of building is the latest word in home structure and the most durable of any kind. He is interested also in horticulture, and has an orange grove of seven acres elsewhere, a miniature "show place" in itself. His interest in citrus culture has made him, naturally, a member of the Santiago Orange Growers Association.

Nine children have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Duker. Amelia lives at Santa Ana; Emma is at home: Otto is in the San Fernando Valley; Walter assists his father; Ada is also at home; and there are Edna, Reinhold. Martin and Ernst. Mr. Duker belongs to the Lutheran Church, where he has served as a trustee.

J. C. MAUERHAN — An old settler in Orange County who may point with pride, as the result of long years of hard labor, to his having improved what is now some of the most valuable acreages of the district, is J. C. Mauerhan, who was born in Wuertemberg, Germany, in 1861, the son of J. C. Mauerhan, Sr.. who was a general farmer and a viticulturist and brought his family in 1872, following the death of his wife in 1871, out to America and Holton, Kans. He had four children, and cared for them tenderly; and not satisfied with the Middle West, he came on with them to California in 1875. For a while he was a florist at San Francisco; in 1882 he came south to Anaheim and there he cultivated a farm of twenty acres on the Ball Road until his death, on January 6. 1910. aged seventy-one.

J. C. Mauerhan was brought up in Kansas from his eleventh until his fourteenth year, when he came to California and worked at various things. In 1883 he came to Los Angeles and in 1885 to Anaheim, and then went to Santa Ana in 1886, and was in the employ of the Santa Ana Soda Works. He continued in the manufacture of soda water for seventeen years, and while thus occupied built a residence on Sixteenth and Spurgeon streets. He also owned half a block lying between Sixteenth and Seventeenth streets on Spurgeon which he improved. In addition, he had title to three acres on C Street, set out in trees.

During these years, Mr. Mauerhan was engaged in general farming on the Mayberry tract near Tustin, and on February 12, 1904, confident of the future of the Anaheim agricultural lands, he bought his present ranch of fifty-five acres, clearing away the brush and the wild cactus, leveling and otherwise improving the property. He sunk a well and installed a gas engine. He set out walnuts and some oranges, and later bought another twenty acres of raw land, making seventy-five acres which he has improved from the wild state. Now he has forty-five acres in walnuts, and thirty in oranges and lemons.

At Los Angeles January 2. 1884. Mr. Mauerhan was married to Miss Esther Schulz, a native of Milwaukee. Wis., who came to California with. her parents when she was sixteen years of age. in 1880. Her parents, J. C. and Mary A. (Martin) Schulz were farmers in Wisconsin and later in Blackhawk County, Iowa, and in 1880 they came to San Francisco. In 1882 they located at Anaheim and were farmers on the Ball Road where the father died; their mother still lives in the old home, eighty-four years old. Mr. and Mrs. Mauerhan have six children as a blessing to their fortunate union. Charles is a contractor and builder in Los Angeles, and is married and has three children. Frank, who is also married, is a neighboring rancher, living next to our subject. Conrad, married and the father of two children, assists his father. Gertrude is Mrs. Nelson of Placentia; she is the mother of five children. James and Ralph are employed in the oil fields; all the sons but Charles, who was employed in Government ship yards, were soldiers in the World War, and one of them, Frank, served over seas.

HARVEY HILE — A far-seeing, enterprising young man whose energy, tenacity and hard work have enabled him to convert a wild stretch of raw land into a fine, productive property, is Harvey Hile, who has been identified with Orange County for the past decade. He was born in Logansport, Ind., in 1878, the son of Daniel Hile, a native of Germany, who came to Indiana when a young man of eighteen or twenty, became a farmer at Logansport, where he retired, and died near Goodland, Ind. He had married Miss Dora Kiese, and she, too. passed away in the Hoosier State. They had four girls and five boys, all of whom, save one of the sons, are now living; and of the boys, two are in California, one in Mackay, Idaho, and one in Florida.

The second youngest, Harvey Hile was brought up on a farm at Logansport, and remained at home until he was sixteen, when he began to paddle his own canoe. He worked on a farm for four years, and then he was in the car shop of the "Big Four" Railway at Indianapolis. During three years of apprenticeship he learned the car builder's trade, and then, for six months, he was a blacksmith in the Atlas Engine Works in that same city. In 1903, he went to Boise City, Idaho, and for two years was with the Graves Transfer Company, when he took up concrete work and became a finisher of sidewalks, curbs and foundations. After that, he was one of the workmen at the Big Giant Gold Mine, and he was next in the employ of the Government as foreman of concrete work in the building of the New York Canal in Idaho.

Induced by the accounts of a sister-in-law, who had been here and liked California, to try his fortune in the Golden State, Mr. Hile came here in 1910, settled at Anaheim, and with his brother, John H., who has a ranch adjoining his own, rented land and raised sweet potatoes. For a couple of years he did well, but too much competition ruined the market. In 1910 he bought his present ranch, raised sweet potatoes for a couple of years, and in 1914 set the acreage out to Valencia oranges, and planted potatoes and beans. He now has some twenty-two acres set out. He belongs to the Anaheim Citrus Association, and takes a very live interest in all the problems pertaining to horticulture in Southern California.

At Boise City, Mr. Hile was married to Miss Lucy Dove, a native of Indiana, a charming lady of accomplishments, who came to enjoy' a circle of devoted friends; and she died on June 12, 1917, mourned by all who knew her worth. In politics a Socialist, Mr. Hile belongs to the Woodmen of the World at Anaheim.

JACOB W. CARRIKER — A fine old gentleman with an enviable war record is Jacob W. Carriker. one of the very successful orange culturists of Orange, to which enterprising town he came in 1902. He was born at Statesville, in Cabarrus County, N. C, April 13, 1842, the son of Daniel Carriker. who was also born there. In 1850. he brought his family to Hillsboro, Montgomery County, Ill., where he broke up a stretch of prairie he had purchased and made of it a first-class farm. He continued there in agricultural pursuits until 1874, when he removed to Nebraska; and at Harvard, in that state, he died. Mrs. Carriker, who was Miss Sophia Sides before her marriage, was a native also of Cabarrus County, N. C, and died in Illinois in 1866. She was the mother of seven children, four of whom are living; and among them, Jacob was the youngest.

Reared in Illinois from his eighth year, Jacob Carriker attended school held in a log house with puncheon floor and having slab benches and desk; at first a private, and then a public school. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company D of the Hundred Twenty-six Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered into service at Alton, Ill., on September 4, 1862. He went on to Columbus, Ky.. slept between corn rows, and had the measles: then to La Grange, where he again had the measles and a relapse, and where he almost died. Recovering, he fought with his company at the Siege of Vicksburg. at the taking of Little Rock, Ark., and at Duvall's Bluff, Clarendon, and continued his service in Arkansas until the close of the war. At Pine Bluff, Ark., on July 12, 186S, he was mustered out of service.

Returning to Illinois, Mr. Carriker bought and improved land, and built for himself a house, hewing the logs he needed in the construction; and at Jacksonville, Ill., he was married to Miss Mary J. Taylor, a native of that state, after which he followed farming. In 1874, he sold out and located in Hamilton County, Nebr., where he homesteaded 160 acres, and laid claim to 160 acres of timber, all of which he improved. He was the pioneer farmer there in the raising of grain and stock, but with such obstacles as grasshoppers, droughts and hail storms, he found the going at times rather uphill.

In the fall of 1902 Mr. Carriker came to California and located at Orange, and here bought the eight corner lots at Center and Maple streets, then a grain field. He built his residence at the corner, and then sold the balance of the lots. Later, he bought a lot at the corner of Grand and Maple streets, and there he owns four houses. He also bought an orange ranch of nine and a half acres at McPherson, took four crops from it, and then sold it for $12,000 more than he paid for it.

Mr. Carriker's first wife died in Nebraska in 1882 and. left him with six children. Elmer resides at Orange; Nora, Mrs. James Benson, at Hastings, Nebr.; Cordelia, Mrs. Soward, and Cornelia, Mrs. Howard Benson, are in Giltner, Nebr.; Frank lives at Burwell, Nebr.; Mattie, became Mrs. Frost and lives at Santa Ana.

When he married a second time, Mr. Carriker chose Miss Maggie Risk, a native of Point Pleasant, W. Va.. as his wife; she was the daughter of William Risk, who had married Elizabeth Kennedy, and the ceremony was performed at Hastings, Nebr., in 1889. Both of her parents died in West Virginia. One son, Howard Judson, resulted from this second union, and he now has a motorcycle store in Orange, and another at Santa Ana.

Mr. Carriker is a Republican in national politics, though nonpartisan in his support of all local issues and movements of a worthy nature, and belongs to the Orange post of the Grand Army of the Republic. Both Mr. and Mrs. Carriker are members of the First Methodist Episcopal Church, and there Mr. Carriker was a steward, as he has been for years a class leader. He was also a class leader in Nebraska, and in Orange he has served on the building committee and in other ways has advanced the growth of the congregation,, its property and its work.

HENRY WILLIAM BUCHHEIM — A member of one of Orange County's worthy pioneer families whose members have contributed so largely to the agricultural development of the county, particularly in the San Juan Capistrano district, Henry W. Buchheim is carrying on the good work of his family, being extensively engaged in ranching at Serra or San Juan-by-the-Sea.

The fifth of a family of twelve children, Henry Buchheim's parents were Frank S. and Caroline (Zymon) Buchheim, hard-working and industrious farmer folk who made their home in Minnesota before coming to California. The following are the other children born to these worthy parents: Lydia, the eldest of the family, now Mrs. Hemenway, is engaged in ranching on the Santa Margarita ranch, where she is in partnership with her brother, Aaron. who is the second in order of birth, and whose sketch appears elsewhere in this work. John is engaged in growing sugar beets near Garden Grove; Jacob is a rancher at Downey; Emma is deceased; Josie is Mrs. Van Whisler, the wife of a rancher at El Toro; Paul assists his brother Aaron in his ranching operations and is also interested in the orange and walnut industry in Ventura County; Frank is married and resides in Santa Ana; Fred passed away at the age of twenty, leaving a son, Carl, and a widow; Emil has also been engaged on Aaron Buchheim's ranch since receiving his honorable discharge from the army. During the World War he made an enviable record serving as first gunner on a French "75" during his period of service in France with the light artillery of the Sunset Division; Minnie, who is the wife of Henry Hoeffner, resides in Nebraska. Frank S. Buchheim passed away in Santa Ana in 1904, at the old home place on East Seventeenth Street, where Frank Buchheim now lives, the mother surviving him until January 20, 1915.

Henry W. Buchheim was born at Sauk Center, Minn., October 13, 1875, and so was a lad of barely six years when his parents arrived here on October 11, 1881. His early years were spent at Santa Ana, where the family had settled, and there he attended the public schools. As is frequently the case in a large family, however, it was necessary for the children to start in when quite young to share the responsibilities of the family, and so Henry Buchheim's school days were not of long duration. Going to work on the home farm, he early learned those habits of industry and thoroughness that made for the success he has enjoyed in the years of his maturity. When his older brother, Aaron Buchheim, began his ranching operations, he joined forces with him and they continued together for a number of years. Later he began farming on his own account, and his interests in that field have grown from year to year, until he now leases four tracts of land near Serra, comprising 1,000 acres, and this he is cultivating with splendid success. The land lies, for the most part, on the Santa Fe Railroad, along the coast road to Laguna, and is devoted to grain and beans. Mr. Buchheim is also the owner of a fine tract of twenty acres in Ventura County, part of this being a thriving walnut orchard.

Mr. Buchheim's marriage, which occurred December 6. 1910. at Santa Ana. United him with Miss Maude Reeder, a native daughter, born at Moreno, Riverside County. She is the daughter of William and Bertha (Johnston) Reeder, born in San Bernardino and Riverside counties, respectively. The Reeder family came from Illinois to California in early days, and the Johnstons came from Indiana to California across the plains at an equally early period. William Reeder was for some years engaged in farming and then began fishing, having his headquarters at San Juan-by-the-Sea and fishing from Point Concepion to San Diego. He died in August, 1916, his wife having preceded him twenty-two years, her death occurring in 1894. They had four children: Thomas is engaged in fishing at San Juan-by-the-Sea; Rose, Mrs. Arthur Buchheim, resides at Santa Susanna; Maude is the wife of Henry Buchheim, our subject; Bertha passed away in childhood. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Buchheim have three children to brighten their home, Floyd, Henrietta and Florence, but the family circle was saddened by the death of the oldest child when he was but eleven months old.

Industrious and capable, Mr. Buchheim is one of Orange County's dependable citizens, and he may well look back with satisfaction upon the results of his work, for it is to men of his type that Southern California owes the marvelous transformation that the past few decades have brought.

LEWIS F. COBURN — A man peculiarly well-fitted for the important office of city attorney of Orange is Lewis F. Coburn, who is an enthusiastic "booster" of both town and county, and believes both to be the best sections in which he has ever lived and worked. He came to California in the late seventies, and so has had the best opportunity for observing and judging the gradual development of neighboring counties and most of the Golden State.

He was born at Newberry, Vt., on May 21, 1854, the son of Calvin P. Coburn, a native of New Hampshire hailing from the same home district as Salmon Portland Chase, the statesman. He was a farmer in Vermont and in 1858 removed to Brunswick, Maine, where he died in 1910, at the age of eighty-six. His ancestors were lineal descendants of Edward Cockburn, who came from England to Massachusetts in 1635, and built the first house north of the Merrimac River, in Massachusetts—an historic structure still standing. The spelling of the name was then changed to the way in which is was pronounced, with a silent c. Major Silas Coburn, the great-great-grandfather, and Captain Asa Coburn, the great-grandfather of our subject, were both soldiers in a New Hampshire regiment in the Revolution. Asa Coburn removed from Massachusetts to New Hampshire, and was a farmer there. The mother of Lewis Coburn was Rachel R. Ferrin before her marriage; she was born at Bath, Maine, and died in that state in 1915. Grandfather Lazarus Ferrin was a sea captain who made four voyages around Cape Horn to San Francisco. Lewis F. was the elder of two children, and his brother, Edward Everett, is still living at the old home. 

Educated at the local public schools. Lewis F. continued his studies at the University of Maine, at Orono, from which he was graduated in 1875 with the degree of civil engineer. He taught school for a while, and then began the study of law under Judge Keniston of Boothbay Harbor.

In 1877 Mr. Coburn came to California and was for a while in the employ of Hobbs, Wall and Company, at Crescent City, helping them to build a railway and bridges across the Smith River, a distance of fifteen miles. All the time while so employed, however, Mr. Coburn was still studying law, and in 1880 was admitted to the bar in California. He practiced law in Del Norte County, and in 1884 was elected district attorney for a term of two years, and was then reelected for a second term; he was also assistant United States attorney for the northern district of California— a position which he filled with credit for four years.

Having had several law cases at Yreka, an opportunity presented itself to practice law there, and he removed to that city, and was active as an attorney in that section from 1891 until 1918. He was city attorney for Yreka for nine years, and was

also city attorney for Etna and for Sisson, filling for each a term of three years. He assisted in giving the impetus to various public improvements through which these towns attained some desirable reputation for progress.

At the solicitation of Attorney W. R. Garrett, an old-time friend, Mr. Coburn carne to Orange in 1918 and entered into partnership. The following July, Mr. Garrett retired, and since then Mr. Coburn has practiced law alone. He is now serving as city attorney of Orange, to the satisfaction of the entire community. In national politics a Republican, Mr. Coburn knows no partisanship in matters affecting the locality in which he lives and thrives.

In Del Norte County, Mr. Coburn was married to Miss Ella C. Anthony, a native of Smith River and the daughter of Joseph G. Anthony, a pioneer farmer and a cousin of U. S. Senator Anthony. Three children have blessed their union. Lew Ella is the wife of Major L. H. Taylor, a resident of Dunsmuir; Kate is the wife of E. J. Adams, and resides at Orange; and Herbert Anthony is an electrician in the employ of the Irvine ranch, and was for two years in the World War, and for nineteen months overseas.

Mr. Coburn was made a Mason in Howard Lodge No. 96. F. & A. M., Yreka, in 1892, and is a past master, and now belongs to Orange Grove Lodge, No. 293, F. & A. M.; is past high priest of Cyrus Chapter. No. 15. R. A. M.. Yreka. and is now a member of Orange Grove Chapter, No. 73; belonged to Mt. Shasta Commandery No. 32. Knights Templar, where he was commander in 1889 and 1890, and was captain-general and drill master for seventeen years; now he belongs to the Santa Ana Commandery, and is a member of the Santa Ana Council, R. & S. M. He also belongs to the Islam Temple. A. A. O. N. M. S., in San Francisco, and with Mrs. Coburn is a member of the Eastern Star at Orange, and was a member of this order at Yreka.

SAMUEL DAVID TEEL — Among the native sons of Orange County. S. D. Teel has the distinction of being the son of Garden Grove's first permanent settler. He follows the occupation of ranching, and specializes in raising sweet potatoes, having purchased ten acres which he devotes to that purpose. He also owns ten acres in the Bolsa Precinct which is planted to Valencia oranges, and now has an exceptionally fine grove just coming into bearing.

He was born in Orange County. December 23. 1875. in what is now Buaro precinct, one mile north of his present home, this section in those early days being a part of Los Angeles County. His parents, George Milton and Catherine (Harris) Teel, were born in Tennessee and Kentucky, respectively, and were married in Texas, whither both had gone when young people. They came to California in 1870 settling in what is now Garden Grove. When Mr. Teel first arrived in California, coming from Texas with an ox team, he took up his residence on what is known as the Dr. Head ranch, where he planted potatoes, and from one sack of seed he harvested 120 sacks—equal to six tons. He hauled lumber from Anaheim Landing to build his house and hauled lumber to Anaheim as a teamster. The elder Teel, besides being the first settler in Garden Grove was the first man to develop artesian water in this district. He struck an artesian flow in 1871, and was one of the early orange growers and fruit men demonstrating that the best of fruit could be grown here. His death occurred at Garden Grove in 1903 at the age of seventy-six. He was a Mason, retaining his membership in Texas. His widow survived him until March 31, 1920, when she passed away aged eighty-three. Mr. and Mrs. Teel were the parents of eight children: Georgia is Mrs. John Davis of Garden Grove; Charles lives at Ukiah; Harris is a resident of Coalinga; Edward, at VVintersburg; Samuel D.. of this sketch; Alice is Mrs. W. E. Wells and lives on the San Joaquin ranch; Ida is Mrs. Claude Blakesley of Garden Grove; George M.. Jr.. the next to the youngest of the family, died on November S, 1918, during the influenza epidemic.

S. D. Tee! is the fifth child in the parental family of eight children, and was reared on his father's ranch. He attended the common schools and after attaining his majority went to San Francisco and became an employee of the California Electric Company, working for them at their power house in San Francisco for three years. He afterwards returned home and turned his attention to ranching. His marriage, which occurred in 1908, united him with Miss Josephine Kemble, a native of Colorado. The four children resulting from this union are Joseph Kemble, Audrey V., Samuel David. Jr.. and Genevieve M.

Mr. Teel has built a very cozy, modest home, to which he is constantly adding conveniences, and the substantial improvements he is ever on the alert to make on the ranch adds to its attractions materially. He is a self-reliant, industrious, intelligent man, and makes his influence felt for the common good. He was interested in getting the Buaro Drainage District organized, and deservedly ranks among the enterprising and resourceful citizens of his community. Fraternally he is a member of Santa Ana Lodge No. 241, F. & A. M., and politically is a staunch adherent of the principles advocated in the platform of the Democratic party.

OSCAR ERNST GUNTHER — A prominent young man of Orange who in more fields than one has made a good record, distinguishing himself in particular through his broad-mindedness and patriotic aggression, as a conscientious city trustee, is Oscar Ernst Gunther, who was born at Fort Dodge in Webster County, Iowa, on January 4, 1889. His father is L. D. Gunther, the well known contractor and builder of Orange, who had a good home at Fort Dodge, from which Oscar was sent to both the grammar and the high school. During vacations, he began to learn the harness maker's and saddler's trade, making more progress by putting in his Saturdays also at the bench, and when he came to California and Orange with his parents in 1904, he continued at the trade in Santa Ana, in the service of Bryden Brothers.

In 1908. he set up a harness business for himself at 60 Plaza Square. Orange, and continued there very successfully until August. 1918, when he sold out and accepted an appointment as inspector of leather equipment in the ordnance department of the Quartermaster's Corps, of the U. S. Army.

While in business for himself, Mr. Gunther had been appointed city trustee of Orange in April, 1914; and two years later he was elected for a four-year term, and was chairman of the finance committee and a member of the fire and water committee. When he accepted appointment in the U. S. Army, he resigned as trustee, in August, 1918, to the regret of many who had come to appreciate the qualities he had shown in his public acts. After the armistice was signed, he tendered his resignation in order that he might return to civil life; and he was honorably discharged with the proper recognition from his military superiors.

Now Mr. Gunther is engaged in ranching, and owns a fine ten-acre grove of Valencia oranges at the corner of Yorba and Fairhaven avenues, and one on North Batavia Street; and inasmuch as he is satisfied with nothing short of the best methods, measures, implements and results, the new venture occupies all of his time. In 1911, at Orange he was married to Miss Dora Struck, a native of Orange and the daughter of Fred Struck, once supervisor of Orange County; and two children have blessed the union—Dolores and Walter. The family attend the Lutheran Church of Orange. As a most complimentary testimonial, Mr. Gunther's fellow-citizens in 1920 again elected him a city trustee of Orange, for a four-year term; and he is again chairman of the finance committee, and a member of the street committee.

WILLIAM C. MAUERHAN — Not many ranches in Orange County are more presentable through their well and systematically cultivated soil and modern buildings than that of William C. Mauerhan. residing on the Katella Road in the vicinity of the Katella schoolhouse, near Anaheim. This particular ranch has been his home since 1912, and here he set out Valencia oranges and walnut trees that are among the best of producers in this part of the county. His forty acres are growing to be one of the "show places" of the Anaheim district and he has refused flattering offers for the ranch by persons seeking a well-developed home place.

Mr. Mauerhan is a native son of the Golden State and was born in San Francisco, on September 4, 1875, the son of John C. and Sophia Mauerhan, pioneers everywhere esteemed for their progressiveness, integrity and industry. They were natives of Germany and emigrated from their native land in 1872, bringing with them those virtues of German domestic and industrial life which have contributed so much to the formation of some of the most desirable features of American daily life. They came from San Francisco and settled near Anaheim on a ranch of nineteen acres in 1882, in the immediate vicinity of the present home of the son, William C. Here the elder Mauerhan carried on farming until his health became so poor that the care of the place was turned over to his son. He died in 1909 and Mrs. Mauerhan passed away in January, 1918, the mother of eight children, five of whom are still living and all residents of California.

The old home ranch was first set to vines but the blight that killed all the other vineyards in the Anaheim district, also killed this vineyard and the vines were dug out and walnuts set out in their place. About five years before the death of the elder Mauerhan, William C. took over the management of the place which he later purchased, and he pulled out the walnut trees and planted chili peppers, being among the first in this district to venture in that field; he was also the pioneer in the drying of peppers, and also had the first mill in the state for grinding chili for commercial purposes. Another movement in which he took the lead was in the development of water for irrigation. At present he has on his place two wells, with ten-inch bore, one 108 and the other 130 feet deep operated by a thirty-horsepower electric motor and capable of producing water enough for 100 acres. Every improvement seen on the ranch today was placed there by Mr. Mauerhan himself.

On June 21, 1906, W. C. Mauerhan and Miss Anna Schroeder, a native daughter of Santa Ana, were united in marriage. She was born on July 30, 1884, the daughter of Frederick and Verena Schroeder, pioneer settlers of what is now Orange County. This fortunate union has been blessed by the birth of six children, four of whom are living Mifdred Verena, Clarence William, Grace Lillian and Anna Clare. The two that died are Elmer Frederick, known by all the friends and relatives as "Fritzie," and Marian Sophia. The family are members of the Evangelical Church at Anaheim. Mr. Mauerhan has been one of the trustees for several years and for twenty years he was superintendent of the Sunday School, a mark of distinguished recognition in itself. He has been a member of the board of trustees of the Katella school district, which is erecting one of the most modern of schoolhouses in the county, since 1915. Mr. and Mrs. Mauerhan have shown their public spirit in every way and have given their support to all measures that have been presented to them that had as their aim the upbuilding of the county and the betterment of social and moral conditions of the people. They have an ever-widening circle of friends who esteem them highly for their Christian character and good citizenship.

CARL A. PISTER — A business man whose steady stream of success has given great satisfaction to his many friends is Carl A. Pister, popular through the Pister Transfer and Oil Company. He was born at Abingdon, Knox County, Ill., in 1891, the son of Charles Pister, who was a manufacturer at that place of brick and tile. He did a large business in central Illinois and eastern Iowa, and made for himself, by his enterprising methods and fair dealing, an enviable reputation which followed him to California, when he came here in 1909. He is now engaged in the raising of oranges at Orange.

Carl was educated in the public schools, and was graduated from the high school at Abingdon in 1909. During his high school course, he worked, in summer time, at the butcher trade, learning from his uncle, F. Ehrenhart at Lewistown, and when he came to Orange, about ten years ago, he was employed for a while in Sweet's Market. Then he went to the Morrison Market, and when the Ehlen and Grote Company opened a market in their store he was employed by them. His engagement there lasted eighteen months; and after that he joined his brother, who was a contract painter, and worked at the painter's trade.

In 1918, with Paul Clark as a partner, Mr. Pister started in the truck business; and in August of the same year he bought the service station at the corner of Chapman and Olive streets from Mr. Bay, and continued the business under the firm name of the Pister Transfer and Oil Company. In 1919 Mr. Chaffee bought a third interest with Mr. Pister and the company was continued under the same firm name. Since then, they have erected a new building and installed a complete equipment; and they enjoy the best location in Orange, and one of the best trades in Orange County. They also handle tires and automobile sundries. They have four large trucks for heavy hauling; and the operation of the trucks, as well as the service station, is looked after by Mr. Pister himself. As might be expected, he is a live wire not only in the field covered by these operations, but in the cooperative work of the Merchants and Manufacturers Association.

At Orange, Mr. Pister was married to Miss Agnes Ensign, a native of Michigan; and they attend the First Presbyterian Church, and reside at the corner of Sycamore and Grand streets, where they dispense a liberal hospitality to those fortunate in admission to the home circle.

MICHAEL ELTISTE — A successful business man and horticulturist of Orange is Michael Eltiste, a native of Bavaria, Germany, who was born there November 21, 1865. Mr. Eltiste received a splendid education as a foundation for his future endeavors, and finished with a course in an industrial college in Germany. In 1883, at the age of eighteen, eager for new fields and greater opportunities, he came to the United States, and located in Connecticut. Later, he started westward by degrees, and after visiting Iowa and Nebraska, for twenty-three years he followed stock raising near Phillipsburg. Phillips County. Kans.. operating on a large scale and meeting with the success assured by his thorough training and the business principles which he applied to his farming operations. During these years of residence in Kansas he also interested himself in the advancement of his district, and served as township trustee and also on the school board.

In 1908 Mr. Eltiste decided to come further west, and that year located at Orange, Cal., where he bought land and developed a sixty-acre orange and lemon grove. From time to time he bought and developed other ranches, and at present is the owner of a young orchard of thirty acres, twenty-five acres of which is planted to Valencia oranges and five acres to lemons, in the city limits of Orange.

About one year after taking up his residence here, with customary energy and business acumen. Mr. Eltiste opened up a business establishment in Orange and engaged in selling farm implements, and the success of the undertaking may be imagined from the fact that within ten years his business was doubled six times, notwithstanding that during this time six competitors in his line entered the field in Orange and have all gone out of business. His early experience with ranching and the practical knowledge gained while on his Kansas farm have been utilized in his business career, and he laid the foundation for his success in square dealing and satisfied customers, which is the real foundation for all success in business, be it large or small.  As agent for the International Harvester Company's motor trucks and tractors, and also carrying a full line of farming implements, his output has increased at a marvelous speed and to facilitate the business he has opened a second store, this one located at Fullerton, and with his son, August Eltiste, as manager of the Orange establishment,  and W. C. Egly in charge of the Fullerton house, the concern has developed into one of the leading business establishments in Orange County and an example of the type of men who choose this locality for their home community and bring to it the benefit of their experience and their public-spirited work for the upbuilding of this section. The business throughout the county has become so large it was necessary to have a third branch store, and they have secured a suitable location on East Fourth Street, Santa Ana, where they will carry a line of implements, trucks and tractors, at each place doing business under the firm name of M. Eltiste and Son. 

The marriage of Mr. Eltiste united him with Kuni Beyerleim, and six children were born to them: George, an orange grower in Orange; August, in partnership with his father; John who saw service in the U. S. Army in France as a member of the replacement division, and is now interested in the business with his father; Anna also a member of the firm is their bookkeeper; Emma and Karl. The family are members of St. John's Lutheran Church at Orange and for seven years Mr. Eltiste was president of the board of trustees and helped build the new church.

Deeply interested in all progressive movements here, Mr. Eltiste served one term as trustee of Orange, and he was one of the founders of the new sewer and water system, and active in street improvements in the city, helping carry these important projects through to completion, in spite of opposition. He is a director in the First National Bank of Orange.

O. V. KNOWLTON — A highly-esteemed citizen of Fullerton who has the distinction of having been commander of the Southern California Veterans Association, is O. V. Knowlton, also widely known on account of his connection with the State Mortuary Office. He was born in McKean County, Pa., on February 26, 1848, the son of Charles and Cornelia (Potter) Knowlton of old New England stock. On the maternal side his ancestry is traced back to Roger Williams. When he was a babe of three weeks his father was murdered. So in 1851 his mother took him, he being the only child, to Marengo, McHenry County, Ill., where she had a brother living. She passed away in 1854 and O. V. was left alone at six years of age. He continued residing on the farm with his uncle and attended the public schools until 1863, when he enlisted in Company B, Seventeenth Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, serving in the Army of the West in the Civil War, taking part in the battles with Price's army in Missouri.

In the spring of 1865, they were sent on the plains on a campaign against the Indians and helped build the first line of stockades across the plains so Butterfield's stages could go through the badly infested Indian country. On December 15. 1865, he was mustered out and honorably discharged in Leavenworth, Kans. During the war he was badly wounded in the thigh and also received four other gunshot wounds. After the war he returned to Illinois, remaining until March, 1866, when he went to the oil fields of Pennsylvania, and for seven years helped to advance what has since become such a gigantic industry.

He next returned to Illinois and located in the vicinity of his old home, and there, engaged in contracting and building. When he removed from that section, he went to Jewell County, Kans., and stayed for a year; and after that, he went to Thayer County, Nebr., where he again followed the building business.      

In 1886 Mr. Knowlton left the Middle West for the Pacific Coast; and arriving in California, proceeded to Anaheim and for a time followed contracting. In course of time, he acquired five acres in Fullerton which he set out to Valencia oranges, and this trim little ranch of richest soil, thanks to the care and hard work of its industrious and progressive owner, is now in a highly productive state.

Mr. Knowlton's love of country, justice and right naturally led to his assuming public office in order to assist in effecting certain reforms or results, and to do his share of the world's work such as somebody must worry about, and during his residence here he served as commander of the Southern California Veterans Association, and also as state mortuary officer for Orange County for eighteen years and as such has done much good in the county and is serving without pay.

When he married, Mr. Knowlton took for his wife Miss Julia A. Huntington, a graduate of the University of Illinois, and a teacher at the time of her marriage; and five children blessed their fortunate union: Charles is a rancher at Fullerton; Avis presides gracefully over her father's home; Kent was a sergeant in Company A, Three Hundred Nineteenth Engineers, and saw service overseas; he is now horticultural commissioner of Orange County; Hollis was gunnery sergeant and expert instructor in the U. S. Marines and also served overseas; Ruth, who graduated from Los Angeles State Normal, is now engaged in teaching.

In 1901 Mr. Knowlton was bereaved of his wife, who was mourned by her family and friends. He is a member of Malvern Hill Post No. 131, G. A. R., at Fullerton, of which he is past commander and of which he has been adjutant for eighteen years past. He has served as aide-de-camp on both the department and national commander's staff, with the rank of colonel. Intensely interested in civic matters, he is a strong Republican and has much influence in local matters.

OTTO LOESCHER — An enterprising, public-spirited and successful man who likes the superb climate of California and the superior folks of Orange County, and who in turn is equally esteemed, is Otto Loescher, a native of Koenitz, West Prussia, Germany, where he was born in 1859. He was brought up in the village, where his father was a miller, and sent to the public schools and when fourteen he was apprenticed to a miller and began to learn his trade. At the end of three years, when he was pronounced a journeyman, he worked at his trade; and in 1885 he crossed the ocean and came to the United States.

Settling for a while at Goshen. Ind.. he worked as a miller; but feeling the lure of the Pacific West, he came out to California, in the "boom" year of 1887. and went to Selma, Fresno County. He was made foreman of the Selma Mills, and for many years continued there in that capacity. While there, he bought twenty acres of land, raw and unsightly; and that he improved by setting it out to Muscat grapes, and making of it a first-class vineyard.

Later, Mr. Loescher was miller at the Reedley Mills, and there he bought another twenty acres of land, which he set out to Muscat and Thompson seedless grapes, having forty acres of vineyard in all. These vineyards he managed until April, 1917, when he came to Orange and retired. Here he makes his home in a beautiful residence which he built on Palmyra Street, devoting his time to looking after his property.

Mrs. Loescher was Miss Lena Miller, a native of Fort Dodge, Iowa, who came to Norfolk, Nebr.. with her parents when a child, and was there reared. Some years ago she came to Orange, and here she and Mr. Loescher met and were married. Both are members of the Lutheran Church. In national politics Mr. Loescher is a Republican; but when it comes to lending a helping hand in local political affairs, his patriotism knows no partisanship.

HUGH T. O'CONNOR — A representative citizen of the Los Alamitos section of Orange County who won recognition for his locality during the various drives for loans and other allied needs, is Hugh T. O'Connor, who served as chairman of the committee that brought their section "over the top" in every drive in record time, thereby winning for Los Alamitos the medals and banners offered for efficiency.

Mr. O'Connor is a successful merchant in Los Alamitos, and has served as the postmaster since 1914, and since 1916 under civil service rules. He was born in New Orleans, in 1865. a son of Daniel and Eliza (Sheffield) O'Connor, the former born in Ireland and the latter in New Orleans. Hugh T. was the third in order of birth in a family of five and is the only one living in California. He received a good schooling and launched out in his business career when a young man and by strict attention to business has gradually worked his way to a position of trust and responsibility.

Mr. O'Connor has been a resident of Los Alamitos for a number of years, spending six years as bookkeeper and cashier for the Felts Company, at the same time serving as postmaster. In 1918 he opened up in the grocery business for himself in a structure he erected on the boulevard, in dimension 66x50 feet, and well stocked with an assorted line of goods suitable for the needs of the community. Mr. O'Connor served as a justice of the peace, being appointed to fill a vacancy.

In 1905 occurred the marriage of Hugh T. O'Connor and Miss Florence Shattuck. After two years of happily wedded life Mrs. O'Connor passed away. Mr. O'Connor is a genial, courteous gentleman and has won the esteem of a large circle of friends in the county. Fraternally he is a member of the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

LE ROY D. PALMER — A man unusually posted in all that pertains to his field of activity is Le Roy D. Palmer, whose natural endowments together with a pleasing personality make him very acceptable, as manager of the Orange County Fruit Exchange, to a large circle of busy and progressive folk. He was born in Sedalia. Pettis County, Mo., on September 13. 1880. the son of L. D. Palmer, a native of Ohio, who settled at Sedalia and was in the employ of the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway as engineer. He married Marietta C. Emery who now lives at Los Angeles. Mr. Palmer died in 1900 at Sedalia leaving his widow and four children.

.After finishing with the grammar and high schools of Sedalia. Le Roy went into a railroad office at St. Louis, that of the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad, and afterward entered the employ of the Government in the Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory, now Oklahoma. It was a land office, where lands were allotted to the Indians; and he was the enrollment clerk.

In 1909 he resigned and came to Los Angeles, and for five years he was employed by the California Fruit Growers Exchange. He arose from a clerkship in the claim department to be assistant sales manager, and then he resigned. He was in charge of both the Southern and the Northeastern markets, a position of responsibility affording continued experience of a valuable nature; and it is no wonder that when D. Eyman Huff resigned as manager of the Orange County Fruit Exchange in 1915. Mr. Palmer was tendered the position. Just what this compliment means may be estimated from the fact that this exchange is made up of eleven different local associations, and in 1919 alone it shipped 3.200 cars of fruit. It is, therefore, one of the largest fruit exchanges in Southern California.

At Tahlequah. Okla., in 1904, Mr. Palmer was married to Miss Georgia Trent, a native of that section but the representative of an old Eastern family, and a daughter of Dr. Trent, a well-known surgeon of the U. S. Army, located at old Fort Gibson. Two children were born of this marriage—Madalyn and Marjory. Mr. Palmer is a popular member of Santa Lodge No. 794, B. P. O. Elks and Orange Lodge No. 293, F. & A. M. Orange may well be proud of such public-spirited citizens as Mr. Palmer, and the Orange County Fruit Exchange, in particular, is to be congratulated on the captain at its helm.

DAVID JESSURUN — A man whose scientific knowledge and thorough experience in the sugar industry has proven especially valuable to Orange County, and whose successful career should inspire the youth of this and other countries, is David Jessurun. superintendent of the .Anaheim Sugar Company. Born in Paramaribo, Dutch Guiana, a Holland colony, October 11, 1867, he was reared in the city of Harlem, Holland, receiving his education in the public and high schools there. After graduating from the high school he entered the Mechanical Engineering school at Amsterdam. Holland, where he was graduated in 1887: he then entered the School of Technology at Brunswick. Germany, and in due time graduated from there as a chemist. Then he did post-graduate work in the sugar school in the same city, perfecting himself in this line, thus laying a firm foundation for his future work in the world. His first experience in the sugar industry was in a sugar factory at Amsterdam, as a sugar chemist. Then to Germany, where for one year he was chief chemist in the sugar factory at Linden, and superintendent of the same factory for the next year.

Arriving in the United States in 1892, Mr. Jessurun was superintendent of the Sinclaire Central Sugar Factory at West Baton Rouge, La.: next he was chief chemist of the Henderson Sugar Refinery of New Orleans. Then for three years he was superintendent of the Magnolia Sugar and Railroad Company of Lawrence, La., .going from there to Minneapolis. Minn., where he became operating superintendent and built the plant of the Minneapolis Sugar Company. Alma. Mich., was his next location, and there he w-as operating superintendent and built the plant of the Alma Sugar Company, and his next move was to Wallaceburg. Canada, where he was in a like capacity with the Wallaceburg Sugar Company of that place. He next rebuilt the factory for the National Sugar Manufacturing Company of Sugar City, Colo.

In 1913. Mr. Jessurun was called to Anaheim to take charge of the Anaheim Sugar Company's factory, and in 1917 he remodeled the plant, increasing the capacity from 600 to 1.200 tons of beets daily. The plant is now a model sugar refinery, modern and up-to-date. Mr. Jessurun has invented and installed a number of laborsaving devices, which were first used in the Sugar City. Colo., plant, and have since come into general use in factories throughout the United States. The Anaheim Sugar Company owns four large ranches, comprising approximately 2,900 acres, which are leased to tenants for raising sugar beets. Aside from this the company purchases the product of another 10,000 acres, and they manufacture annually about 10.000 tons of refined sugar; they also manufacture, as a by-product, dried molasses beet pulp for cattle feed. The company also operates the California Fruit Products Company, manufacturers of orange marmalade and jelly.

Mr. Jessurun is also interested in horticulture, and has set out and improved an orange grove on North Street, and has built a residence on North Lemon Street, where he resides with his family. He has also greatly improved the grounds of the sugar factory, planting an orange grove of twenty-two acres, which is in a thriving condition.

The marriage of Mr. Jessurun united him with Mrs. Johanna Van Eek, a native of Haarlem. Holland, and four children have blessed their union: Elizabeth, William, Johanna and Jeanette. William was sergeant in the Quartermaster's Department, Motor Truck Corps, stationed at Jacksonville. Fla.. during the World War. Mr. Jessurun was appointed by the general headquarters at Washington, D. C, as chief of Orange County in the American Protective League. He organized Orange County into districts, with each town as a center, and appointed his assistant chiefs in each of eighteen districts. So closely did he follow the work that from the time of his appointment until December 31, 1918, when the League was disbanded, he did not spend one evening with his family. This was all done because of his loyalty to the country of his adoption and without remuneration. But the satisfaction of having done his duty when the country had need of his services, and the fact that Congress afterwards passed an act commending the different chiefs and extending to them a vote of thanks, and that each be mailed a copy of the resolution, made him feel fully repaid for his time and efforts. He served acceptably and impartially as chief of Orange County until the close of the war. Mr. Jessurun was on the board of directors of all the bond drives, as well as all kindred war drives in Orange County.

Believing that protection is the fundamental principle in American politics, Mr. Jessurun has always been a Republican, and has taken an active part in the affairs of that party in the various states in which he has been a resident, though he has never aspired to or wished for public office, his time being entirely taken up with his profession. The family are members of the First Presbyterian Church, and fraternally Mr. Jessurun is a Knights Templar and Scottish Rite Mason, and is also a member of Anaheim Lodge No. 1345, B. P. O. Elks. Mr. Jessurun also takes much pleasure and pride in his membership in the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, as well as the Association of French Chemists. He is a director in the Anaheim National Bank, and his broad vision and keen business experience have proven him a man of worth in the community, and one whose "footprints on the sands of time" are worth emulating. 

WILLIAM A. HAZEN — A young man of estimable qualities, who has not always toiled in the sunshine of life, but whose native ability notwithstanding, or perhaps because of, the shadowy places, has been able to assert itself, is William A. Hazen, now residing on Glen Avenue, Tustin, near where he has an eight-acre ranch on Ritchey Street, devoted to budded walnuts. He has owned the property since 1916, and since that recent date has worked wonders with the comfortable holding.

A native of Des Moines, Iowa, where he was born in October, 1895, Mr. Hazen's father was accidentally killed in a coal mine at Des Moines in 1897. His mother, now Mrs. Frank Long, resides at Philadelphia, Pa. Mr. Hazen was reared in the family of Hugh McQueen, a farmer at Quinter, Kans., but he was not received into their hearts and treated like a son and when a mere youth of sixteen was thrust out upon a cold world to shift for himself. His opportunities, therefore, were very limited, but he made the most of every favoring wind and has been able to attain both comfortable affluence and position with influence as a reward for his steady, honest efforts.

In a life devoted thus far for the most part to agricultural pursuits, Mr. Hazen emigrated to California in 1908, and located at Tustin, and there with Mr. and Mrs. Will C. Crawford he enjoyed the comforts of a good home. In addition to the Ritchey Street ranch he also owns five acres planted to Valencia's on McFadden Street, adjacent to the Crawford ranch. He is an active member of the First Baptist Church of Santa Ana and seeks to lead an exemplary life and has been treasurer of the Men's Club and Sunday School.

ROBERT B. WEITBRECHT — A well-educated, well-prepared "hustler." Whom no one envies the fruits of his wide-awake labors, is Robert B. Weitbrecht, who took up his residence in Orange in the early nineties. He was born at St. Paul, Minn., on August 27, 1885, the son of George F. Wfeitbrecht, a native of Pittsburgh, Pa., and a graduate of Yellow Springs College, Ohio. He did graduate work at Harvard for a couple of years, and then came to St. Paul, where he founded and was principal of the Mechanic Arts High School, one of the first high schools in the United States to have a department of manual training and mechanical drawing. He came to California on his vacations, for the first time about 1890; and in 1893 he established his family in Orange County, and he himself intended to locate permanently here. However, the school he had founded was so dear to him that each year he would return to it, saying that that year would be the last of his active service; and being prevailed upon to remain as the principal—while he was developing it so remarkably that even Europeans came to inspect and study the results—he finally died in the harness, in February, 1916.

Mrs. Weitbrecht, who was Miss Mary Beals, a native of Providence, R. I., before her marriage, continued to manage the property on Walnut Avenue where Mr. Weitbrecht had started improvements, and in this difficult but highly interesting work, she was assisted by her children, of whom there were three. Susan resides now in San Diego; Robert is the subject of our review; and George is in Santa Ana. Robert B. was reared in St. Paul until 1893. and it was on account of his frail health that the family moved out to California in that year. His health luckily improved at once, and he became strong and hearty, and fit for any kind of work. Mrs. Weitbrecht died on the Orange ranch on April 6, 1918.

From the home ranch, beginning with 1893, Robert went to the local public schools, but at the end of six years, the family returned East to St. Paul. There he studied at the Mechanic Arts high school, and was graduated in 1904 as a civil engineer. He then entered the University of Minnesota and remained until the close of his junior year, when he quit the lecture room to go to Idaho and enter the service of the Chicago. Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad in their engineering corps. This was when that railroad company was building its Idaho division, and so he helped to construct the road from South Dakota to Seattle.

At the end of three hard and very fruitful years, Mr. Weitbrecht resigned from his railroad post, and came back to Orange for a visit; but on looking over the old home ranch, he concluded to take up its management, and he has remained here ever since conducting that property. He is engaged in raising Valencia oranges, and since his ranch is under irrigation from the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company, and also the Aid Water Company, the twenty-six acres at the corner of Handy Street and Walnut Avenue are most productive. He is, naturally, a member of the . McPherson Heights Citrus Association. The ranch, by the way, is owned co-jointly with his sister, Susan, already referred to. Mr. Weitbrecht is also interested, with his brother-in-law, John Haig, in heavy trucking, owning a five-and-a-half-ton Mack truck, capable of carrying fifteen tons, with the aid of a trailer.

In the pleasant town of Alhambra, Mr. Weitbrecht was married to Miss Winifred Haig, a native of England, having been born at Liverpool of Scotch parentage. Mr. and Mrs. Weitbrecht attend the Episcopal Church, and Mr. Weitbrecht is a Mason, affiliated with Orange Lodge No. 293, F. & A. M.

DR. JOHN D. THOMAS — An aggressive, successful organizer, whose fortunate handling of enterprises has made him exceedingly popular, is Dr. John D. Thomas, the president of the First National Bank of Olive, a native of Philadelphia, where he was born on February 8, 1850. He was the son of Richard W. Thomas, a Methodist Episcopal divine who filled various responsible charges at Philadelphia and elsewhere in the East. He died in the harness of his Christian ministry, being stricken with paralysis while he was delivering his sermon on a Sunday morning in the Fifth Street Methodist Episcopal Church at Philadelphia. He was forty-seven years old, and the father of six children; he was a native of Philadelphia, and the paternal grandfather, David Thomas, was born in Wales, and migrated to Philadelphia, where he became a shoe manufacturer, employing from thirty to forty men. Richard W. Thomas married Elizabeth H. Rouse, a native of New Jersey, who lived to be eighty-three years of age. Our subject, the youngest of his family, is now the only one to survive.

He was seven years old when his father died, and then he went to Allentown, Monmouth County, N. J., to attend the common schools. From his tenth to his fifteenth year, he lived on a farm. His first marriage made him the husband of Mary T. Middleton, of the Society of Friends. Later, he married Mrs. Elsie L. P. Hamuck, nee Passmore, daughter of William Passmore, owner of the excellent and celebrated Passmore ranch. She died in February, 1918.

After attending the Philadelphia Dental College, from which he was duly graduated with honor. Dr. Thomas practiced dentistry in Philadelphia for forty-five years, during which time he filled the position of lecturer upon Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia and Oral Surgery at the University of Pennsylvania. Upon his advent in California, he retired from the dental profession. He resides at the Passmore ranch on the Santa Ana Canyon Boulevard immediately above Olive, and is now president of the Olive Heights Citrus Association, and is president of the Olive Improvement Association. He is the best kind of a "booster," for his invaluable experience and common-sense views, together with his breadth of vision and contagious sympathies, enable him to make all that he sets in motion roll on to the desired-for goal. In other words, the Doctor "makes it stick."

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF OLIVE — California may well be proud of the large number of financial institutions of exceptional strength and prosperity contributing vastly to her monumental wealth, but she is equally to be congratulated upon the smaller, yet eminently sound and vigorously progressive banks such as the First National of Olive, which has done so much, and is still doing, to stabilize and develop the commercial life of that part of the great commonwealth in which it is its destiny in particular to operate. With one hundred or more visitors from Orange, Santa Ana, Los Angeles and Anaheim as especial guests, this bank was opened on Saturday afternoon, October 21, 1916, with a formal and fashionable reception, long to be pleasantly remembered by all who had the good fortune to attend.

With its shining mahogany and marble, the new bank presented an attractive and stimulating appearance of which cities much larger and older might have been glad to boast. The visitors, therefore, some of whom were naturally, by long experience, more or less critical, were greatly impressed with the inviting air of the quarters, the convenience and liberality of which promised success.

Not only was the interest of the bank, as was readily to be seen, designed to satisfy an advanced architectural taste, but the convenience of both the operatives and the public was studied in the application of practical and common sense devices; so that in addition to the handsome mahogany and the marble bases, there was a thoroughly up-to-date, spacious vault, containing the manganese steel time-lock safe.

At noon the Bank entertained the stockholders and their wives at a luncheon at the Olive Hall, when some fifty guests were present. A delicious chicken dinner was served by the ladies of the Olive Sewing Circle, amid the most tasteful decorations that could be devised. President J. D. Thomas made the opening address of welcome and discussed community development, while he urged the broadest and utmost cooperation for the advancement in every way of Olive. Cashier K. V. Wolff also spoke with the same cordiality and fervor, emphasizing business cooperation in particular, and by easily understood illustrations, pointed out the various ways in which the business interests of the community are related.

In every respect, the reception and the dinner constituted an unqualified success, and reflected the highest credit upon the management of the new Olive institution, at the same time inspiring confidence in the bank's future. How well that confidence was placed, to what an extent the rapidly-developing First National has realized every anticipation and hope of its backers and friends, may be seen from the attested report of its condition made at the close of business four years later, on February 28, 1920.

According to that sworn statement made by Cashier K. V. VVolff and attested by the directors, J. D. Thomas, A. M. Lorenzen and J. D. Spennetta, the bank had, as part of its resources, loans and discounts, including rediscounts, to the amount of $122,793.85; over $23,000 of notes and bills; some $15,000 worth of U. S. Government securities; $2,250 pledged as collateral; over $14,000 in still other bonds and securities; $22,026.63 cash in vault and net amounts due from other national banks, and over $1,100 of earned but uncollected interest, making a total resources of $170,682.72. Among its liabilities are $25,000 of capital stock paid in; $15,000 in outstanding circulating notes; $74,447.11 of individual deposits subject to check; some $12,000 in state, county or other municipal deposits secured by pledge of the bank's own assets; over $9,000 in other certificates of deposits, and $24,371.61 in other time deposits, and $2,000 in bills payable with the Federal Reserve Bank.

The high standing of each of the officers of the First National Bank of Olive, their known personal character, their experience and their ability, and the reasonable conservatism thus far demonstrated in the progressive programs of the institution, give a double assurance to patrons and public alike as to the present healthy state of the bank, and its inevitable promising future—a matter of such moment to progressive and would-be healthy Olive itself, with all its commendable ambitions requiring cash and financial credit. It will be seen, therefore, to what an extent such a sound and sanely developed institution plays in the history of a young town, and what enviable opportunities for good are at the disposal of the men at the guns. Olive is proud of the First National Bank; and the bank looks proudly toward the city of Olive of tomorrow.

KADJA V. WOLFF — It must be a source of peculiar satisfaction to Kadja V. Wolff, the efficient and popular cashier of the First National Bank of Olive, to look back upon his uninterrupted association with that well developed and substantial institution of finance; for he has served in his present official capacity since the bank first threw open its doors for business. He helped, in fact, to organize the First National Bank, in 1916, when its home was temporarily in the Olive Mercantile building, directly across the street from its present-day location; the first bow was made to the public on the sixteenth day of August of that year; and ever since the public, with encouraging approbation, has been bowing genially in return.

Mr. Wolff was born at Morris, Minn., on September 30, 1884, the only child of Henry G. Wolff, an honored and prosperous merchant in that town, and who still lives there with his devoted wife, who was Miss Inez M. Little before her marriage. From Morris, when Kadja was sixteen years old, the parents moved over to Lead, S. D.. and there he finished the course of study in the Lead high school, from which he was graduated with the class of '01. He then entered the employ of the Harrison Telephone Company, starting with the construction gang, and arose to be emergency man;  and he was with that company from 1901 to 1903. He next went south to Vosburg, Miss., where he busied himself for a year as hotel clerk, bookkeeper and cashier, but in 1904 he "saw the light" and made straight for California. He pitched his tent for a while in the City of the Angels, and for five years was employed as cashier in the Los Angeles office of Fairbanks. Morse and Company.

On account of failing eyesight, however, he left that employment and came to Orange, where he clerked for a year in a clothing store. There, on October 5, 1910, he was married to Miss Helen A. McCarty of St. Louis, who was sojourning in Southern California with her cousin, Mrs. K. Watson, of Orange. Soon after, he bought a ranch of eight acres, three quarters of a mile west of Olive, and planted the same to Valencias. He continued to ranch for two or three years, when he joined the National Bank of Orange, in 1913, and as teller served that wide-awake establishment until he came up to Olive and organized the First National Bank. He resides, for the time being, on one of his ranches, being also the fortunate owner of a beautifully located farm of twelve or more acres, now coming into bearing, half a mile up the Santa Ana Canyon. Mr. and Mrs. Wolff have two attractive children—Elizabeth or "Bettie," and Eileen.

He belongs to the Santa Ana Lodge of Elks, and there is no more popular member. The building of the First National Bank of Olive was erected by its owner, H. C. Myers of that city, who is also a stockholder in the bank. It is of pressed brick, two stories high and 25x50 feet in size. It has a modern, reinforced concrete vault, which houses the Ely Norris fire and burglar proof safe; and the bank is fully protected by insurance of the Royal Indemnity Company. It has a capital of $25,000, with $5,000 surplus: and in three years has grown from nothing to be a strapping youngster with $225,000 in its pockets. The first officers in the history of this institution were: President, Dr. J. D. Thomas, Olive; vice-president, J. D. Spennetta, Orange; and cashier, K. V. Wolff. Its present officers include the directors: Dr. J. D. Thomas, J. D. Spennetta, D. P. Crawford, H. T. Moennich and A. M. Lorenzen.

As a conservative, yet very progressive manager of finance, and as a public-spirited citizen very successful as chairman of all the Liberty Loan drives, Mr. Wolff has always shown his most marked characteristics: efficiency, with high standards of character; deep insight into economics, of which he is a careful student; philanthropic tendencies, with an especial leaning toward the idealism of "home-making"—all of which have easily made him one of those naturally popular business men who could not fail of success if they would.

CARL W. MARTIN — The United States, and California in particular, offers men of foreign birth many opportunities they were unable to enjoy in their native land. The Golden State has received her share of these thrifty and enterprising men, who have adapted themselves to their new surroundings and aided in the upbuilding of the horticultural and agricultural interests of the state.

Carl W. Martin, the successful rancher of Garden Grove Boulevard, was born on March 16. 1878, in Rhine Province, Germany, a son of Ludwig and Catherine Martin. At an early age he developed a strong desire to live in the United States that he might embrace the splendid opportunities offered here to ambitious young men. In 1890, he immigrated to America, locating in Orange County the following year. His parents, with their five living children, left Germany for "the land of the free and the home of the brave" in 1893 and settled in Los Angeles County. In 1896 the family settled in Orange County, where both parents died and now the children are all in Los Angeles County except Carl W. Of the twelve children born in Germany, only five are living.  In 1912, Mr. Martin purchased ten acres of unimproved land, his present home, and by hard labor and close attention to details he has succeeded in bringing the land up to a high state of cultivation and it now produces an abundant crop of the best variety of oranges and walnuts. In addition to these crops he has been successfully engaged in raising and selling young orange trees.

Mr. Martin's marriage in 1908 united him with Miss Clara M. Rust, a native of San Francisco, whose parents. Gustaf and Clara Rust, settled in Anaheim in 1866. Fraternally, Mr. Martin is a Mason, being a member of Los Angeles Lodge, No. 42, F. & A. M.; he belongs to Fullerton Chapter, R. A. M., and the Santa Ana Council.

EUGENE S. SARGENT — A public-spirited man who believes it to be both the duty and the privilege of the citizen to contribute in every way possible to both the building up and the upbuilding of the community, is Eugene S. Sargent, a native of Watertown, Jefferson County, N. Y., where he was born on Washington's Birthday, 1850. His father, Richard Sargent, was also born there, and his parents, William and Mary Sargent, were English folk who settled in Jefferson County. Richard Sargent was a carriage maker, long at LaFargeville, N. Y., who moved west to Iowa in 1868 and settled at Monticello, Jones County. There he engaged in blacksmithing and carriage building until his death, in 1869. Mrs. Sargent was Phoebe Sage before her marriage, and she also spent her last days in Iowa. They had two children: Eugene, the subject of our interesting sketch, and his sister, Florence E. Sargent, who became the wife of E. C. Renken, a druggist. They lived together in Iowa, until he passed on, and since 1907 she has resided in Orange.

Eugene S. Sargent was educated in the public grammar schools and at a private academy in La Fargeville, N. Y., and in 1868 removed to Iowa, where he learned the trade of the wheelwright under his father. In 1869 he began work as a carpenter, and later clerked for a while in a store. In 1876 he removed to Galena, Cherokee County, Kans., where he set up as a contracting builder; and he also went in for prospecting and mining for lead. He opened several new mines and sold them, and later removed to Carbondale, Osage County, Kans., where as a contractor he did general building. Then he pitched his tent at Onaga, Pottawatomie County, Kans., and continued to build extensively. He resided there from 1879 until 1904, and was instrumental in influencing building laws and customs of the state.

In 1904 he came to California and located at Anaheim, where he bought a ranch devoted to the cultivation of oranges and walnuts. Three years later he sold out and located at Orange, where he purchased a twelve-acre ranch at the corner of Tustin and Walnut streets, and set it out to oranges. He also came to have a ranch of two and a half acres on North Shaffer Avenue; and with his sister, Mrs. Renken, he owned another ranch of five acres at the junction of Cambridge and Palm avenues, which they had set out to oranges and walnuts. All these desirable properties have recently been disposed of.

Mr. Sargent now makes his home with his sister, Mrs. Renken, at 280 North Shaffer Street; and in his leisure hours devotes some attention to politics, marching under the banners of the Republican party. Mrs. Renken is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and also of the P. E. O. chapter in Orange; and she belongs to the Orange Woman's Club.

EUGENE EDMUND FRENCH — Closely identified with Huntington Beach, Orange County, since 1906, Eugene E. French was one of the most active of its settlers in its upbuilding until in March, 1920, when he removed to Santa Ana, having been appointed under-sheriff of Orange County. A native of Illinois, where he was born July 9, 1863, at Tuscola, Douglas County, a son of Wm. T. and Julia (Edmunds) French, natives of Steuben County, N. Y., and Ireland, respectively, Eugene French was reared in New York. His mother died when he was but an infant, and he was brought up by his grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Sluman T. French, who resided near Corning, Steuben County, in that state. Here he was educated in the public schools, learning the trade of a carpenter when quite young. He decided to take up railroading, however, and followed this line of work for sixteen years, starting in as a brakeman and working up to the position of conductor. During these years he was with the Chicago and Northwestern, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul and the Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern railroads.

Becoming the owner of a ranch in Carroll County, Ark., Mr. French located there in about 1900, and followed farming for some time, later going to Wagner, then in the Indian Territory, where he took up his early trade of carpentering. In 1906 he decided to try his fortune in California, and on his arrival here located at Huntington Beach. This was shortly after the town was started, and Mr. French thus became one of its pioneer residents. He formed a partnership with H. B. Crozier, under the name of Crozier and French, and they became actively engaged in contracting and building. This partnership continued for seven years, Mr. French afterwards continuing in the contracting business alone. He has always been very successful in his business, making a specialty of fine residences, and many of the beautiful homes at Huntington Beach stand as examples of his superior workmanship. He has, indeed, been a big factor in the upbuilding of the city.

Mr. French's interest in his chosen place of residence was not limited to its material advancement, for despite his busy life as a contractor, he has always been keenly interested in all the civic affairs of the city, and has taken an active part in them. For six years he served as a member of the board of trustees of Huntington Beach, and for two years was chairman of the board, this office corresponding to that of mayor. During his term of office many important improvements were made; the beautiful concrete pier was built, a sewer system installed, and many of the streets were paved. Mr. French thus witnessed a marked change in the appearance of the city during his residence there, as when he arrived there was not even a paved street there. He was also enthusiastic in the work of the Huntington Beach Chamber of Commerce, being one of its organizers and serving as its president for four years, until his removal to Santa Ana. In 1919, Mr. French resigned his office as chairman of the board of trustees to become city marshal of Huntington Beach, holding this position until March 12, 1920, when he was appointed under-sheriff of Orange County by Sheriff Calvin E. Jackson. This appointment was a fitting recognition of Mr. French's capabilities, as there were a number of applicants for the office, and he was selected as the man best fitted for the post.

Mr. French's marriage united him with Miss Estelle D. Bradley, who was a native of Edgar County, Ill., and they are the parents of five children: Homer E. is engaged in concrete highway construction in Northern California; Gladys is the wife of Roy Labodie of Huntington Beach; John B. is associated with his brother in highway construction work; he enlisted for service during the World War, serving for fourteen months in the quartermaster's department in France; he was top sergeant of his company, and at the time the armistice was signed was attending an officers' training school in France; Julia and Margaret are under the paternal roof.

Politically, Mr. French has always been a stanch adherent of Democratic principles and active in the councils of that party. In fraternal affairs he is prominent in the circles of the Odd Fellows, being a member of the Huntington Beach Lodge, No. 183, of which he is a past grand; he has also served as District Deputy Grand Master of District No. 69, California, and he is also a prominent member of the Encampment and Canton at Santa Ana. He was made a Mason in Huntington Beach Lodge No. 380, F. & A. M. Besides, he is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. Since coming to Santa Ana he continues to show his deep interest in civic and business affairs with the same energy he showed at Huntington Beach, and is now a member of the Santa Ana Chamber of Commerce.

WILLIAM E. CLEMENT — A successful business man who is also an experienced horticulturist, and who in both undertakings has displayed unmistakable talent as a systematic manager operating according to the latest and most approved methods, is William E. Clement, one of the best city officers Orange has ever had. For fourteen years he has been manager of the Griffith Lumber Company, for ten years he was chief of the fire department, and for eight years he was responsible for the town finances.

A native son very proud of his association from the beginning with the Golden State, Mr. Clement was born in Garden Grove, Orange County on December S, 1876, the son of Johnson Clement, a native of Missouri, who came with his parents to California, crossing the great plains as a boy, and finally locating in Orange County. He married Miss Cassia Morrell, a native of Texas who also came to California with her parents, and settled at Bolsa, where the Morrells were farmers. The grandfather, Lafayette Morrell, was one of the pioneer founders of that settlement. Johnson Clement was married in what is now Orange County, and with his devoted wife commenced to farm at Garden Grove. Later, they removed to Santa Ana, where Mr. Clement engaged in real estate; and today he is a very successful realty operator at Orange. Mrs. Clement, it is sad to relate, died at Los Angeles in 1914. They had three children—two girls and a boy; and of these William was the oldest.

Brought up in Orange County, William attended the public grammar school and also the Santa Ana high school, and then took a stiff course at the Orange County Business College in Santa Ana, from which he was graduated with honors in 1894. Then for three years he was with the Newport Lumber Company at Riverside, when he returned to Santa Ana, and was employed in the Exchange Bank as a bookkeeper, until it was consolidated with the First National Bank, when he continued in the same responsible capacity.

Having resigned, Mr. Clement accepted his present position, on March 15, 1906, as manager for the Griffith Lumber Company, at Orange, and he opened their yard here, and has been in charge there ever since. The yard is located on North Cypress Street, and there the company carries lumber, mill-work, doors, windows, cement, roofing and wall-board. They also maintain a planing mill, and this alone has proven of great service to the community.

Mr. Clement, while never an office seeker, has responded to the calls of his fellow citizens and has done his full duty as an office holder. In 1910, he was elected the second chief of the fire department of Orange, reelected each year and served until he resigned, on January 1, 1920. During that period, with the loyal cooperation of others, he built up the department so that from the condition with only a hose cart, the city now has a Seagreave combination motor truck with its full equipment. In 1912, he was elected the city treasurer of Orange, and he has been reelected ever since, for terms of two years. In respect to party preferences, Mr. Clement is a Republican; but this party affiliation never operates to prevent him from entering heartily into whatever seems best for the development and prosperity of the community.

Mr. Clement has been twice married. On the first occasion, the ceremony took place at Riverside, and Miss Mabel Russell, a native of California, became his bride. Her health failing, she was taken to the mountains; but she died at Riverside. She left two children, Margaret and Virginia, both of whom are in the Orange Union high school. The second Mrs. Clement, whom he married at Orange, was Miss Nora Miller in maidenhood; she was a native of Kansas, and has become the mother of three children: Lois, Melvin and Clarence. Mr. Clement owns a fine residence in town, and a fine ranch west of the town, which he devotes to the raising of Valencia oranges, on which account he is a member of the Santiago Orange Growers Association. He belongs to the Orange Lodge of the Odd Fellows, and the Santa Ana Lodge of Elks. 

WILLIAM ABPLANALP — In making mention of those men who have made a success of ranching in Southern California and who. at the same time, have cooperated in all movements that have had for their aim the building up of the state, and Orange County in particular, William Abplanalp of the Anaheim district is to be found worthy in every way. For twenty years he has made his home on the ranch on Lincoln Avenue, west from Anaheim, improved the property from a barley field, and has set out walnut, peach and apricot trees that are now in full bearing, and with the development of water in 1913, and the installation of an irrigating system, bids fair to make of this eighty-acre ranch a veritable show place in the near future. For thirteen years he carried on dry farming, and even in that line of agriculture demonstrated that a success could be made by the man of enterprise and thrift. It is said by many who know that Mr. Abplanalp has gained a financial reward through his own efforts and hard work, assisted in all that he has undertaken by his wife and helpmate, who shares with him the esteem of all who know them.

Mr. Abplanalp was born at Sunman. Ripley County, Ind., August 27, 1864, the son of Jacob and Annie ( Stahley) Abplanalp, the former a native of Switzerland and the latter of Indiana. Mrs. Abplanalp had two children, William and