STEPHEN TOWNSEND — Among the representative citizens of Southern California, and held in the highest esteem by all who knew him, Stephen Townsend came to the Golden State as early as 1876. He first located in Pasadena, where he proved an important factor in the development and upbuilding of its best interests, securing its first franchise and building its first railway; and later the Altadena and other street car lines; establishing the Pasadena Warehouse and Milling Company and conducting the same successfully; and as a member of the city board of trustees advancing plans which were acceptable to both the conservative elements and were acted upon to the entire satisfaction of the people. In 189S he became associated with the interests of Long Beach, in which city he foresaw a wonderful future.

Mr. Townsend was a descendant of English ancestry, the first members of both paternal and maternal families having located in this country during its colonial period. Descendants drifted into the Middle West, and in the state of Ohio, David, the father of Stephen Townsend, was born and reared to manhood as a farmer's son. He married Sidney Maudlin, also a native of Ohio, and until 1855 they remained residents of that state and of Indiana. In the last-named year they emigrated to Iowa and in Cedar County, near Iowa City, engaged in general farming and stock raising. He continued in that location until 1876, when he brought his family to California and became a member of the Indiana Colony, now Pasadena, where he engaged in horticulture up to the time of his death. He was survived twenty years by his wife, who passed away
in 1903, at the age of eighty-three years.

Stephen Townsend, the eldest son and sixth child of their thirteen children, was born in Hamilton County, Ind., October 19, 1848. He was but seven years old when the family located in Iowa, where he received his education in the public schools and later the Iowa State University. Upon leaving the university he began to farm on his own responsibility upon land purchased in Franklin County, where he made his home for three years. Following this he was similarly employed in Cedar County for two years, when in 1876, he accompanied the family to California. The West appealed to him, with its broader opportunities and responsibilities, and he readily became one of the most prominent men of Pasadena, developing his latent powers of management and executive ability.

Prior to Mr. Townsend's location at Long Beach he purchased twenty acres of land on the Anaheim Road, adjoining the city limits and one mile from the beach. The year after his location at Long Beach he engaged in the real estate business, laying out various divisions there and also helping in the development of Huntington Beach. He was a partner in several real estate firms, among them Bailey and Townsend, Townsend and Campbell, the Townsend-Robinson Investment Company, later the Townsend- Van de Water Company. He also contributed extensively to the development of Orange County, being one of the organizers and directors of the Orange County Improvement Association of Newport, of which he acted as president, serving in the same capacity for the La Habra Land and Water Company and for the Sunset Beach Land
Company. In addition to the foregoing Mr. Townsend was vice-president of the First National Bank of Long Beach and president of the First National Bank of Huntington Beach. He organized and was president of the Land and Navigation Company which owned 800 acres where the Long Beach harbor was dredged; in fact he took an active interest in all movements tending to promote the welfare of this section of California. The real estate firm which he organized was one of the most substantial in this part of the state, and carried on an extensive business, the high character of ability enlisted
in the work making it one of the most successful enterprises of Long Beach. In addition to his engrossing real estate interests he was active in the municipal life of Long Beach, in 1903 being elected president of the board of trustees, which office he filled with efficiency.

In Iowa, near Iowa City, in Johnson County, on October 19, 1869, Mr. Townsend was united in marriage with Miss Anna M. Carroll, who was born near LaPorte, Ind., and who came to Iowa with her parents when she was seven years of age. While a student at the University of Iowa she met Mr. Townsend, the acquaintance resulting in their marriage. They became the parents of five children, two of whom died in early childhood, and Frances Maye passed away in 1901, aged twenty-eight years; she had graduated from the College of Music of the University of Southern California in 1894; Esther Belle, who is a graduate of the Los Angeles State Normal School, is the wife of Dr. A. T. Covert of Long Beach; Vinton Ray graduated from the University of California at Berkeley and from the medical department of the University of Southern California, as an M.D., married Miss Ada Campbell, the daughter of W. L. Campbell, and they reside at Los Cerritos.

Mr. Townsend was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and prominent in all its good works, officiating as a member of the board of trustees and superintendent of the Sunday school, and was a member of the building committee when the new church was erected at Long Beach. He was also a director of the Young Men's Christian Association and served as president of the Long Beach Hospital Association, of which he was one of the organizers. It can truly be said of Mr. Townsend that he was representative of the best in American citizenship, living up to a high standard in public and private life, and in his passing away on July 22, 1920, the community lost one of its most valued citizens, whose influence had ever been exerted for its moral uplift and betterment. Like her distinguished husband, Mrs. Townsend has always
been prominent in the life of the city, particularly in the circles of the Methodist Episcopal Church and of the Ebell Club, and aiding in all other movements for the community's good.

MME. HELENA MODJESKA — No complete and satisfactory history of Orange County ever can be written that does not record the life and labors of Mme. Helena Modjeska, the famous tragedienne, and her happy and fortunate relation to the California Southland, in which she passed so many dreamy and eventful days, and where at length, scarcely more than a decade ago, she closed her eyes forever to the scenes of an admiring world. She was born at Cracow, Poland, on October 12, 1840, the daughter of Michael Opid, a noted musical instructor there, whose home was the rendezvous for artists and musicians in the old capital, and very naturally aspired toward the stage; but it was only after she had married Gustav Modrzejewska — abbreviated later to Modjeska — that she was able, in 1861, to overcome family opposition and appear in an amateur performance in Austrian Poland. So great was her success that her husband organized a company to support her on a tour of Galicia, and within two or three years she had become, on her return to her birthplace, the leading lady at the local theater. All Poland soon sounded her praises; her fame extended to Germany, France and England; and even the younger Dumas paid her the high compliment to invite her to Paris to take the part of Marguerite Gautier in his famous "Dame aux Camelias," best known to the world through the acting of Sarah Bernhardt. She remained loyal to Poland and the Polish stage, however, and only ventured abroad after her first husband's death.

In September, 1868, she married a second time, choosing for her new companion Karol Bozenta Chlapowski, a gifted fellow-countryman, and a year later settled in the more brilliant Warsaw, where she appeared in the principal female parts of Shakespeare, Goethe, Schiller and Moliere, as well as plays by Polish authors. Failing health, worry over the harassing, absurd Russian censorship, and other difficulties, induced her to leave the stage, and with her husband she came to the United States and California, hoping to found there a colony for Polish political refugees or other congenial spirits.

The coming Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, engrossing in particular the curiosity of her son, then an embryo engineer and full of interest for science, was really the first incentive to Mme. Modjeska and her husband to come to America, as she tells so charmingly in her always readable "Memories," and the person who piled on torch after torch to the burning fagots was none other than her friend, Sienkiewicz, the author later of "Quo Vadis." Despite the reports of rattlesnakes, bears and the California jaguar, it was agreed by the company of enthusiasts who met evening after
evening to look over maps, books and pictures, that one need not starve in the Golden State, for rabbits, hares and partridges were to be had for the mere shooting, and gold was to be dug almost anywhere; and in her intense longing for a change that would mean rest to tired nerves, Pani, or Mrs. Helena, as her friends called her, pictured herself under the blue skies of California, riding on horseback with a gun over her shoulder, or cooking out in the open, in the land of freedom, or bleaching linen at the brook like the maidens of Homer!

After a delightful visit in New York, when they saw and met some of the stage celebrities of the time, the party traveled south to Panama, and there crossed the Isthmus, "a two hours' enchantment," and then came north to San Francisco; and the very next day after their arrival at the Golden Gate they witnessed Edwin Booth act in a series of performances, including the roles of Shylock and Marc Antony. Once in the Southland, they made for Anaheim, then inhabited mostly by German colonists and Spaniards, and were welcomed by Sienkiewicz and others of the Polish company who had gone ahead to Anaheim Landing. After a life spent in the tine old ancestral homes and mansions of Poland, Mme. Modjeska tells us that the little house at Anaheim which had been rented for her seemed painfully small — a dining room, a so-called
parlor, with a square piano and a sofa, two bedrooms, a front yard, which "looked like a poorly-kept small graveyard"; but there was one redeeming point, at least, and that was the magnificent view of the Sierre Madre Mountains to the north, and of the Santa Ana range to the east.

Space will not suffice to tell in detail the many novel, exhilarating and also discouraging experiences of this charming idealist and her dreamy, impractical, if also delightful associates, who so identified themselves with first one canyon or beach or other corner of Orange County that forever these places will be hallowed to all who are privileged to trace out and follow in their footprints. The reader may need only to be reminded again how, when it was evident that the voyagers from over the seas could no longer live on sunshine and cigarettes, something had to be done, not merely to supply a supportable income in a raw and undeveloped country, but to satisfy the longings of the higher self, Mme. Modjeska, in the spring of 1877, went back to San Francisco on a visit, encouraged by overtures from theatrical managers whose interest she had long before enlisted, but had never made use of, and after scarcely less than four months' study of English, made her first appearance in the historic California Theater as Adrienne Lecouvreur. Her success was instant, and from the first evening of her performance she scored an acknowledged triumph as one of the leading American actresses. Thereafter she made numerous tours of the United States, and played in London and the other leading cities of the British provinces, and even returned to the stage in Poland, distinguishing herself in no less than twenty-five or thirty classical parts acknowledged to be sufficiently difficult to test her claims to have been a truly great actress.

Besides her home in Santiago Canyon, maintained for a while under conditions in strange contrast to what she had left behind in the Old World, and satisfying only to those in such search for the romantic that they drew largely upon their imagination and were blind to commonplace, everyday facts, Mme. Modjeska made her home at various places in Southern California, generally not far from where she first had settled, and in each place not only shared her comforts (as well as, no doubt, a few of the discomforts!) with some of the most gifted and even brilliant, as well as noble hearted of her compatriots, but entertained at various times many of the most famous men and women, particularly in the dramatic or musical world, who happened the way of the Pacific, or journeyed long distances to enjoy her company or partake of her unbounded hospitality, dispensed with rare humor and a full appreciation of the droll or the ridiculous. She counted the greatest minds and the largest hearted of Americans among her friends, and when such of these, as the poet Longfellow, could not visit her, their friendly, devoted or affectionate missives found their way over sea and land and into the forest or canyon recesses to where she, in periods of rest, loved to come again and again. The residence she finally erected was at Forest of Arden, in Santiago Canyon, Orange County, which she named for the scene in the celebrated Shakespearean play. As You Like It. It has long since been a Mecca for tourists to California who know of her only by name. It was roomy, dignified, elaborate and luxurious, both as to its ornate exterior and its well-appointed, richly furnished interior, especially its large and rich library; and there are still living those who may recall the breakfast parties presided over by this rare woman, held out in the open and further animated by her son, Ralph Modjeski, the eminent civil engineer of Chicago, and his interesting family. The last home of Mine. Modjeska was on Bay, now called Modjeska Island, in East Newport, to which she had removed a few months prior to her death, on April 8, 1909 — a cozy, worthy seaside residence which she bequeathed to her grandson, Felix Bozenta Modjeska, who now occupies it with his family, and maintains it as nearly as possible as it was when she so gracefully moved about on the verandas and enjoyed the refreshing breeze.

SAMUEL KRAEMER— Wonderful have been the changes witnessed by Samuel Kraemer since his boyish eyes first beheld the vast unsettled tracts of Southern California. It was in 1867, when he was ten years of age, that he arrived here with other members of the family, at the expiration of a long and tedious voyage from the East. Vast tracts were then untrodden by the foot of man, but were given over to countless herds of wild cattle and horses. Travel was almost wholly on horseback through pathless fields in which the wild mustard at times hid the animal and rider from view. Now his swift automobiles convey him over perfect roads and through a country densely populated with a contented,prosperous people. Then he aided in the cultivation of the ground with such rude implements as could be obtained; now his land is
cultivated by workmen having the most modern machinery that money can buy. In those days he gazed aloft with no prophetic vision of the time, when under his supervision an aeroplane would be constructed, not only as a demonstration of the possibilities of science, but also for future usefulness and enjoyment. Financial institutions were not in vogue in those days, for currency was too scarce to render banks a necessity; nor could his vision point ahead to his present service as a director in the First National Bank of Anaheim and the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Fullerton, in which latter institution he also officiated as president for one and one-half years. He was also an organizer and is a director in the Placentia National Bank, is a director in the Placentia Mutual Orange Distributors Association and president of the Anaheim Walnut Growers Association.

Born in St. Clair County, Ill., July 9, 1857, Samuel Kraemer was a son of Daniel and Elenora (Schrag) Kraemer, natives, respectively, of St. Johannes, Germany, and Landauch, on the Rhine. They emigrated to the United States in early years and passed away in California at advanced ages. The family became pioneers of California in 1867. The journey was commenced at St. Louis, Mo., whence they traveled to New York, arriving in that city at the end of four days. A steamer was there boarded for Panama and after a tedious voyage of sixteen days they landed at the Isthmus. Three days were spent in unloading on the eastern side, crossing the Isthmus and loading up on the Pacific side, after which they sailed on a steamer bound for San Francisco. The voyage consumed fifteen days and the only stops made by the steamer were at
Acapulco and Manzanillo, Mexico. The fact that the ship did not anchor at any port in Southern California caused extra expense and delay to the Kraemer family, who were forced to wait for twenty-one days in San Francisco before any vessel started for the southern part of the state. Eventually they landed at San Pedro, Los Angeles County, after a voyage of five days from San Francisco, and from San Pedro, proceeded to Anaheim. At that time Los Angeles County embraced all of what is now Orange County. The environment was uninviting, for Americans had not settled in sufficient numbers to embark in any improvements and wild stock roamed the ranges.

Immediately after his arrival, the elder Kraemer bought thirty-nine hundred acres of land (which was the smallest land tract that could be bought) in what is now known as the Placentia district. The land was originally owned by A. D. Ontiveras, a Castilian gentleman, a native of Spain, who received his grant from the Mexican government. In time Mr. Kraemer had fenced eighty acres of the tract, besides making other improvements. The entire country was open with the exception of twelve hundred acres at Anaheim, which was fenced, admission being through four gates on the four sides of the tract, and by means of this solid fence all wild cattle were excluded. Eight years later the fence law kept out cattle and brought settlers. From the first Samuel aided his father in the many difficult tasks connected with improving the wild tract and it was not possible for him to attend school regularly, but he was a pupil in the Yorba school for a time, and since then by reading and observation he has become a well informed man. Five hundred acres of the original estate is now owned by him, the larger part of the land being in grain, but in addition he has sixty-five acres in oranges and 130 acres in walnuts. Stock is raised for the needs of the ranch, but not for the general markets.

On September 30, 1886, Mr. Kraemer married Miss Angelina Yorba, a native of California and the daughter of Castilian parents now deceased, representing early settlers of the state, Prudencio and Dolores (Ontiveras) Yorba. Ten children were horn of the union, of whom five sons and three daughters survive: Adela is Mrs. Walter Muckenthaler of Fullerton; Samuel J. married Miss Edna Wentz of Ohio, served in the U. S. Army in the World War and is an orange grower in Placentia; Elena Mauri of Oakland, is an orange grower at Placentia; Gilbert U. married Esther Arnold R., who served in the U. S. Naval Reserve, stationed in New Jersey, and married Munger of Santa Ana, and is a rancher on Kraemer Avenue; Angeline is the wife of Edward Backs and resides in Placentia; Laurance P. is attending Occidental College; Geraldine and Louis are attending the Union high school.

Caring little for politics or secret orders, Mr. Kraemer nevertheless finds much to occupy his time. The supervision of his large estate, the discharge of duties as bank director, the enjoyment of domestic and social pleasure, the recreation through travel and the development of irrigation and fruit interests keep him fully occupied. While serving as a director of the Anaheim Union Water Company he also for a time filled the office of vice-president. Even more than many horticulturists, he has realized the importance of a successful solution of the water problem and at all times he has been an active factor in the development of irrigation interests. The fact that the water supply is so abundant and so satisfactory is due not a little to his influence and timely actions. Other important local measures have had the benefit of his aid and cooperation and very justly he occupies a leading position among the pioneer citizens and horticulturists of the county. In company with William Crowther, A. S. Bradford, H. H. Hale and C. C. Chapman, Mr. Kraemer became one of the promoters of the new town of Placentia. They gave the right-of-way to the Santa Fe Railroad and Mr. Kraemer donated besides ten acres of land on which the depot and side tracks are situated. Work was begun in August, 1910, and four packing houses have in the meantime been erected, one of which Mr. Kraemer erected at his own expense. He is a shareholder and director in the Placentia Mutual Orange Association. They have just completed a large modern packing house at a cost of $150,000, one of the finest in California. His influence in Orange County is felt far and wide and his name is mentioned with honor and respect because of a well-regulated and well-spent life, contributing in no small manner to the well being and upbuilding of the county.

JOSE SANSINENA — An early settler of the La Habra Valley in what is now the northern part of Orange County, who came to California in 1872 and from a humble beginning by perseverance and close application became one of the largest and most successful stockmen and landowners, is the late Jose Sansinena, who was born at Aldudes, Basses Pyrenees, France, in 1854, where he was reared and obtained his education in the local school. His parents were farmers and stock raisers, so from a lad Jose assisted on the farm and became adept in the care of stock.

From his countrymen who had returned from California he learned of the many opportunities that awaited young men of brain and brawn who were willing to work. So his desire was whetted until he started for the land of gold and sunshine on the Pacific Coast, arriving in 1872 a young man full of ambition and hope to make a fortune in the new world. Soon after his arrival he entered the employ of Mr. Bastanchury and his steady habits and watchful care of his employer's interest attracted Mr. Bastanchury, so that when the young man had saved enough money and showed a desire to engage in business Mr. Bastanchury took him into partnership and they continued together, meeting with success and became owners of large flocks. In those early days there was no market to speak of in Los Angeles so each year they drove bands of sheep to San Francisco where they were sold in the market, the price per head ranging from $1.50 to $2.00 with the wool. These trips usually consumed two and a half to three months' time.

The marriage of Mr. Sansinena and Miss Dolores Ordoqui was celebrated at the historical old Plaza Church, Los Angeles, in 1889, the ceremony being performed by Father Liebana. The bride was a native of Navarra, Spain, but reared in Los Angeles. She came with her parents, when a girl in 1872, and was educated in the Sisters Convent, Los Angeles. Soon after their marriage the partnership with Mr. Bastanchury was dissolved and Mr. Sansinena continued in the stock business and purchased 5,000 acres of the Stearns Rancho in the La Habra Valley and they took up their residence on the ranch, making the necessary improvements for their comfort and convenience, and here they made a specialty of raising sheep, ranging them on the broad acres of their ranch which was well adapted for the purpose, being well watered by numerous springs. His flocks increased until he had from 10,000 to 15,000 head, and when the railroad was completed from San Francisco to Los Angeles, as well as the Santa Fe into Southern California, he shipped both to the Northern as well as the Eastern markets. His keen perception and business ability was felt and he rose rapidly to a position of affluence and acquired an independent position financially and a competency for himself and family. However, he was not permitted to enjoy the fruits of his labors for he was called to the Great Beyond, May 1, 1895, mourned by his family and friends. He was buried in Calvary Cemetery, Los Angeles. He left a widow and four children as follows: Antoinette; Joseph, who served in the U. S. Navy in the World War and now ably assists his mother in the care of their large ranch; Magdalena and Marian. They all reside with their mother and having been reared in an atmosphere of culture and refinement the daughters ably assist her in gracefully presiding over the home. Mrs. Sansinena afterwards became Mrs. Ysidoro Eseverri and all make their residence at the old home.

Mr. Sansinena was a modest and unassuming man but of strict integrity and honesty of purpose which greatly endeared him to all with whom he came in contact. He was industrious and energetic and was never afraid of work nor to venture
in this new country, where in his prime he entered the wilderness and claimed the virgin soil as his heritage. Thus it is to pioneers of his type that Orange County today owes much of its present development and greatness, for without their spirit of energy and optimism the present generation would not now be enjoying the well improved country with its paved roads and other public conveniences and essentials to give them the present day comforts and pleasures. Liberal and kind-hearted to a fault, Mr. Sansinena's example is well worthy of emulation.

JOSEPH WILLIAM JOHNSON — Among the best-known ranchers and business men of both Yorba Linda and Placentia may well be listed J. W. Johnson, a leader in legitimate "boosting" for the locality, who lives on the Richfield Road near the Yorba Linda Boulevard. He was born in County Durham, "England, near the famous cathedral and the old. historic town of that name, on June 22, 1863. the son of Manuel Johnson, a farmer and a landowner, whose chief crops were hay and grain. He had married Miss Annie Walker, a daughter of an old and well-established family that had sent, in her brothers, several representatives to Parliament.

From a boy, our subject had yearned for travel; and when only fourteen he crossed the ocean to New York City, and then came on to the coal regions, where he found employment. Since then he has crossed and recrossed the Atlantic seven times. Having enjoyed the benefits of a good common school education in England, the lad readily made his way in America, being apt at learning; and having become a mining expert, he was busy for a while in New Mexico, serving even as deputy sheriff at Albuquerque. In 1891, however, he decide to abandon mining, and coming on to California, he stopped for a while at Los Angeles, and then came on to Santa Ana. which was then but a small village.

After serving as game warden at the Bolsa Gun Club, he leased land on the Irvine Ranch, and has been pursuing agriculture there or elsewhere ever since. In 1899 he removed to Placentia and purchased five acres on the flats east of Richfield; and this land he improved and developed, making of it a very profitable grove of oranges. Meanwhile, he contracted for the making and grading of roads and the care of the water reservoirs for Yorba Linda, and altogether he spent fifteen years in the service of the Santa Fe Railroad, grading and making crossings, and also graded the streets
for the town of Placentia when it was laid out. Of late years he has had full charge as superintendent of some ninety acres in Yorba Linda, and has set out much of this to lemons, using nursery stock developed on his own ranch. Having recently sold his five-acre ranch, he intends to locate on more open land and to improve a still larger area. This has not weakened Mr. Johnson's interest in Placentia and Yorba Linda in any respect, for he still has the utmost confidence in a brilliant future for both; and as both an American citizen of the one hundred per cent type, and a stanch Republican, he
supported vigorously all the varied work of the recent war, and also all movements for the building up of the community. Mr. Johnson has one, daughter. Mrs. Laura Speck, of Santa Barbara, and she is the mother of a daughter, Ethel Speck.

JOSEPH KEE — For twenty years Joseph Kee of Buena Park has been identified with the general farming interests of Orange County, having located on his present ranch in 1900. At that time the land was in its primitive state and he, as well as many other ranchers, was obliged to put up with many inconveniences, and suffered the setbacks common in those days among the early settlers in a new territory. By hard work and sound business management Mr. Kee has overcome his earlier obstacles and today is counted as one of the successful and substantial ranchers in his section of the county.

Joseph Kee was born in McHenry County, Ill., on March 10. 1850, a son of James and Rachel (Morton) Kee. His father was a native of the Emerald Isle, while his mother was born in either New York or Illinois of Irish parents. The family of Mr. and Mrs. James Kee consisted of twelve children, six of whom are living.  

In April, 1877, Joseph Kee moved to McPherson County, Kans., where he remained until 1887, when he migrated to Los Angeles County, Cal. He lived near San Gabriel for thirteen years, then settled on his present ranch of twenty acres, situated on Almond Street, Buena Park.

In March, 1878, Joseph Kee was united in marriage with Miss Jennie B. Mitchell, who was reared on the adjoining farm in Illinois where Mr. Kee was born, and of this happy union four children were born: Clarence, Elenora, wife of Robert Brown of Santa Ana; Ormiston, and Charlotte, wife of Willis Cornwell of Stanislaus County. Mrs. Kee is a native of Illinois and is of Scotch ancestry.

In addition to his general farming operations, Mr. Kee devotes considerable time to raising poultry, his flock of fowls numbering about 250. In politics he has supported the Republican candidates since he has' voted, and he is highly esteemed in his community for his integrity of character and good citizenship. He was reared in the Episcopal Church.

MRS. DOLORES ESEVERRI — A woman who has nobly done her part to build up and improve the northern part of Orange County and who has displayed wonderful native business acumen and optimism in her effort of transforming the raw land into beautiful orchards loaded with golden fruit, such a woman is Mrs. Dolores Eseverri, who is a native of far away Spain, born at Pamplona, Navarra, a country noted for the modesty and high moral character of its people and where the honor of the home is very sacred and guarded with the most zealous care.

Her parents were Juan and Antonia Ordoqui, also natives of Pamplona, where her father was a carpenter of known ability. When the news of the discovery of gold in California reached Navarra he immediately joined the rush to the new Eldorado and was one of the Argonauts, coming via the Isthmus of Panama to San Francisco in 1849. After several years he returned to his home in Spain; however, he was so well impressed with the opportunities in the land of sunshine and flowers on the Pacific Coast and the call of the West became so strong that he finally concluded to make it his home. So responding to the allurement, he brought his wife and two children, Manuel and Dolores, settling in Los Angeles County in 1872, where he became a well-to-do sheep raiser, and during his lifetime became the owner of large herds as well as a ranch now the present site of Palms, near Los Angeles. Later he purchased a residence in Los Angeles where he made his home until his death in 1909, his widow surviving him until 1911. The son Manuel is now a business man in Los Angeles.

Thus in this beautiful environment of sunny Southern California Dolores Ordoqui grew to womanhood receiving a liberal education in the Sisters Convent in Los Angeles. She was first married in her early womanhood, the ceremony being performed at the old Plaza Church at Los Angeles, when she was united with Jose Sansinena, who was a native of Aldudes, France, and had come to Los Angeles County in 1872 and had become a successful stockman. After their marriage they gradually enlarged their operations until their flocks became very large and they acquired by purchase 5,000 acres of the Stearns rancho, which at the time was all grazing land and being well watered by springs was well adapted to sheep raising, in which they specialized. Mr. Sansinena was most successful in his business, increasing his herds year by year until their flocks numbered about 15.000 head. He passed away in 1895 leaving his widow and four children, Antoinette, Joseph, Magdelena and Marian.

On March 25, 1901, Mrs. Sansinena was married a second time when Ysidoro Eseverri became her husband. He was likewise born in Xavarra, Spain, the son of Pablo and Josefa Eseverri, the father being a prominent merchant in that locality. He received his education in his native land and when still a youth he came alone to California, where he engaged in sheep raising. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Eseverri continued ranching, gradually selling off their sheep and engaging in farming and horticulture. Mr. and Mrs. Eseverri are the parents of one daughter, Josephine. They have disposed of a considerable portion of the Sansinena ranch, which at one time was one of the largest in this part of the county. The whole acreage formerly lay in Los Angeles County, but when Orange County was organized its northern boundary line passed directly through the Sansinena ranch. The family have planted large orchards to Valencia and Navel oranges, lemons, walnuts and avocados now in bearing, while the balance of the ranch is devoted to raising hay. The place is under an excellent system of irrigation for, besides service from the La Habra Water Company, they have installed their own pumping plant, thus giving ample water for irrigating their orchard and crops. In 1917 a large and beautiful new residence of colonial style of architecture was erected, .where Mrs. Eseverri resides with her husband and children, who are devoted to her and shower on her their affection and loving care, and in their liberal and unostentatious way they are all pleased to welcome their many friends and take great delight in dispensing the old-time Californian hospitality.

WILLIAM H. BURNHAM — An experienced business man of the East who has distinguished himself as a good financier and has therefore been able, as a resident of California, to exert an important and helpful influence in controlling and directing movements in the development of the Golden State, is William H. Burnham, who was born at Ellington, Conn., in 1851. Both his father, John Burnham, and his grandfather, of the same name, were natives of Brattleboro. Vt., the family having been founded in Hartford, Conn., in 1636, by Thomas Burnham who came from England.  John Burnham, the father of our subject, settled in Ellington and later was associated with Daniel Halladay, the windmill manufacturer at Coventry; and in 1856 he came to Chicago as sales agent for the Halladay Company. Under his able initiative, their western business rapidly increased, and they established a factory at Batavia, Kane County, Ill., on which account Daniel Halladay came out to Chicago, and had the concern incorporated. The enterprise was known as the U. S. Wind Engine and Pump Company, and Messrs. Halladay and Burnham were the principal owners. The Daniel Halladay referred to afterwards located in Santa Ana, where he was prominently connected with that city's growth and development. In time, John Burnham became president of the company, and he held that office for many years; and when he retired, to spend his last days at Orange, where he eventually died, he was succeeded as president by his son, our subject. Mrs. Burnham was Miss Delia A. Damon before her marriage, and she was a native of Lunenburg, Worcester County, Mass., and the daughter of the Rev. David Damon, a prominent Unitarian minister of English descent, who for many years preached at West Cambridge, now Arlington. She also died at Orange, the mother of two children, of whom William H. alone grew to maturity.

He attended the public schools of Batavia, Ill., and later studied at Lombard University, reluctantly abandoning his courses in the sophomore year when, on account of failing health, he had to hie away to Florida. On his return, in the spring of 1872, he entered the employ of the United States Wind Engine Company, beginning at the bottom in the paint shop and advancing as draftsman, shipping clerk, and traveling salesman. In the latter capacity he visited almost every section of the United States, Canada and even Mexico; and having served the company with signal ability as general sales agent, he became superintendent and finally president, a position of honor and responsibility he filled for several years.

Undoubtedly Mr. Burnham inherited much ability for executive management, for especially during his presidency the business of the company was greatly increased, and they came to enjoy a large and ever-expanding trade with both the United States and foreign countries, a volume of work and prosperity of direct personal interest for father and son held a controlling interest in the concern. Finally, the close application and strain again told too much upon him, and, desiring to conserve his health, he concluded to give up the management. The Burnhams, therefore, in 1892 sold their controlling interest, but retained a tenth of the stock and the business of making windmills, pump fixtures, tanks, railroad water stations, steel towers for tanks, water cranes and standpipes goes on under the old firm name. They made the steel towers
used by the Edison Company of Southern California, and they turned out three differing patterns of mills — the United States, the Gem and the Halladay Standard.

In the spring of 1893, Messrs. John and William H. Burnham came west to California; and taking a fancy to Orange, they purchased property there and that summer built a residence. In October, they moved to the Golden State "for good," and at once began to improve the place, grubbing out the old trees and setting out oranges and lemons. About seventeen other families also came here from Batavia, Ill., and accordingly they named the street Batavia, as a result of which the property of the Burnhams was situated on the corner of Batavia and La Veta.

From the time when he was once well established here, Mr. Burnham has taken a prominent part in local affairs. He became interested in the old Commercial Bank in Santa Ana, and was a director, and later he was also interested in the Bank of Orange, when it was principally owned by the Commercial Bank of Santa Ana, and was a director there as early as 1898. When the Bank of Orange was taken over by Orange people, he continued to be a director, and later he was made president. He continued in that enviable office when it was made the National Bank of Orange: and after many years of service as a president and a director, he resigned first from one office and then from the other, but he is still interested in the bank as a stockholder. He was also one of the organizers of the Orange Savings Bank, in which he is still interested.
Mr. Burnham was also one of the organizers of and a director in the Santiago Orange Growers Association, withdrawing after many years when he sold his ranch in 1916 and moved to Los Angeles, where he and his family now reside at 401 South Kingsley Drive. He was one of the organizers and director of the H. R. Boynton Company, afterwards changed to the Pacific Pipe and Supply Company, and succeeded Mr. Boynton as president, a position he filled for some time, until he resigned to accept the vice-presidency, as it required less of his time. For the past ten years he has been a director of the Title Insurance and Trust Company of Los Angeles.

At Geneva, Ill., on December 9, 1880, Mr. Burnham was married to Miss Katharine P. French, a native of St. Charles, Kane County, Ill., and the daughter of Rolla and Mary C. (Cook) French, born, respectively, in Vermont and Erie County, N. Y. ; they were joined in matrimony at St. Charles, after which Mr. French became a stock broker in Chicago. When he died, he was an officer of the Miner Bank of St. Charles. Mrs. Burnham's maternal grandfather, Franklin Cook, emigrated with his family, including herself and her mother, to Denver in 1861, crossing the great plains with ox-teams, and in 1862 he died at Guy House, Colo. Mrs. French with her daughter, Katharine, returned to Illinois in 1868 and located in Chicago on account of the educational advantages offered there for her daughter, making the trip from Denver to Cheyenne by the Overland stage, and then by rail to the city on the lakes; and in Chicago, Mrs. Burnham enjoyed the best educational advantages in the West. The fortunate union of Mr. and Mrs. Burnham has been blessed by three children, all of whom have reflected the highest credit upon the family name. Ralph F., the eldest, and William H., Jr., the youngest, are both graduates of the Throop Polytechnic Institute at Pasadena, and together they have developed a citrus ranch of 140 acres three miles east of Riverside, which they have named La Colina. Mary, the only daughter, a graduate of the Marlborough School in Los Angeles, married Henry Fay Grant, who died at Franklin, Pa., and now she assists her mother to preside over the Burnham home.

Mr. Burnham was one of the original trustees of the Orange Union high school, having been prominent in the energetic work required to bring it into existence; and he was also one of the original members of the Orange County Highway Commission and did yeoman service with Charles C. Chapman and M. M. Crookshank. In national political affairs Mr. Burnham is a Republican; but he is too broad-minded to permit narrow partisanship to interfere with his hearty support of every good candidate and every excellent measure likely to help upbuild the community in which he lives and prospers.

JOSEPH G. QUICK — A successful real estate broker, who has done much to bring about sound and stable conditions in California realty, is Joseph G. Quick, a native of Canton, Fulton County, Ill., where he was born on April 1, 1856. His father was Andrew Jackson Quick, a farmer and wheelwright, who married Elizabeth Gardiner. Andrew J. Quick was born in Penn Yan, N. Y., in 1831, of an old family of that state. He came to Illinois in about 1852, where he ran a carriage and wagon factory and also engaged in farming. Joseph G. Quick's maternal grandfather, Joseph H. Gardiner, came from Penn Yan, N. Y., to Fulton County, Ill., about 1836, when his daughter Elizabeth was a little girl. The parents both passed away in Illinois. They had nine children, among whom Joseph was the eldest.

Joseph attended the grammar and high school of his district, and later took a course at the business college in Jacksonville, Ill., then for a while he farmed and later manufactured brick and tile at Cuba, Ill. In both of these fields he succeeded, until his health broke down and he was advised to seek a milder climate. In June, 1887, he came to California and Santa Ana and in the latter place established himself in the real estate business and is today the oldest dealer in town. He was successful from the first, and having acquired local experience and extended widely his circle of friends, he did a general brokerage business. He made a specialty of handling estates, having served as state appraiser of Orange County for many years and is well qualified to advise people who come here and wish to invest in property or otherwise set their
affairs in order. He was one of the organizers and secretary of the Santa Ana and Fresno Land Company; this company owns nine sections of land about fifteen miles southwest of Fresno, which is devoted to general farming. Mr. Quick has seen Santa Ana develop from a small village to a city of its present size, and he has been privileged to help shape the destiny of the town. He has served as a city trustee, and it was during his incumbency that the city hall was built. As a man of business affairs Mr. Quick's worth was recognized in his election to be a director of the California National Bank, in the organization of which he was a charter member. Influential in the councils of the Republican party, Mr. Quick has always attended to his local duties in the most nonpartisan manner.

At Cuba, Fulton County, Ill., on March 6. 1879, Mr. Quick was married to Martha Grigsby, daughter of William and Dorcas (Collins) Grigsby, well-known residents of the Prairie State. William Grigsby served in the Union Army during the Civil War
and was killed at the battle of Missionary Ridge. Mrs. Quick was educated in Fulton County, Ill., and for some years was engaged in educational work, teaching in her home district about six years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Quick are home-folks and take pride "in their beautiful residence at 1608 East Fourth Street. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Santa Ana and have actively participated in its upbuilding and benevolences. Mr. Quick was a member of its board of trustees for many years and is now president of the board, and during the building of the church and later during its remodeling he was member and treasurer of the building committee. Both are musical and Mr. Quick was leader of the Methodist choir for twenty years until about ten years ago when he resigned from the position. Always intensely
interested in raising the standard of education as well as society and its morals, they have made their influence felt and are much loved and highly esteemed for the part they have taken in the community's welfare.

REV. JACOB KOGLER — A man of God who has had much to do with the development of education in Orange County on a broad and lasting basis is the Rev. Jacob Kogler, now enjoying a well-earned retirement. He came to Orange in the early eighties, and has been connected with important town and county interests ever since. He was born near Stuttgart, Wuertemberg, Germany, on January 6, 1847, the son of Michad Kogler, a worthy carpenter and builder, and Caroline Kogler, his devoted wife. They were conscientious Lutherans, and they both died where they had lived.

The lad received the customary elementary training given to the German youth, and then entered the high school at Ludwigsburg, and later on a preparatory institute at Steenden, Nassau, where he was prepared for the ministry. As early as 1870, he crossed the ocean to America and entered the Concordia Seminary at St. Louis, from which he was graduated in 1874. He was ordained at Minneapolis as a minister of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, and soon afterward accepted a call as pastor of St. John's Lutheran Church, whose congregation he served for four years. Then he removed to Belle Plaine, Minn., where he was pastor until 1881.

In that year he came to Orange, Cal., where he organized St. John's Lutheran Church, which was started with a membership of six families; also started St. John's parochial school, for which a lot on the corner of South Olive and Almond streets was purchased. To that site an old building was moved, and in 1882 the nucleus of the congregation was formed. Both that and the school grew, and the building was enlarged, so that it had an area of 24 x 48 feet, used for both school and worship purposes. The Rev. Kogler was pastor from the start, and he also taught the school until a teacher could be supported; and now the school maintains four teachers. In 1893 the church edifice at the corner of Almond and South Olive streets was built, and in 1913 the congregation built the imposing new stone structure at a cost of $50,000, including the pipe organ.

The Rev. Kogler continued active as pastor until 1917, when he resigned and retired. He had helped found and was an active member of the California and Nevada Synod, of which he is an ex-president, and he organized the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Anaheim, and was pastor there when the church was built. After a while, the church became strong enough to call and support its own pastor. He also started the Trinity Lutheran Congregation in Santa Ana.

Rev. Mr. Kogler was married at Minneapolis to Miss Dora Schultz, a native of that city, and a charming woman most suitable as his life companion and real helpmate. Eleven children blessed their marriage, nine of whom are still living. They are Paul, Henry, William, Edwin, Walter, Dora, Alma, Lydia, Clara, and they all reside in Orange County; there are also twelve grandchildren. Patriotic and devoted to the institutions of the country in which they have lived, labored and prospered, the Rev. and Mrs. Kogler may look back upon fields of religious and civic endeavor well tilled, and upon harvests of which no one need be ashamed. They have always been deeply interested in all that pertains to the permanent welfare of Orange and Orange County, and have lived long enough to see veritable miracles wrought in this most favored
section of the Golden State.

ANGUS JAMES CROOKSHANK — In every community that has shown a gradual growth and development of its varied industrial, agricultural and horticultural interests, the most active factor in that growth is the financial backing behind every movement which has as its aim the permanent building up and the stabilizing of commerce. The bank is the institution to look to for capital, and the banker has to be an extra human being with broad ideas to so safeguard the finances in his care that a minimum of loss will be a result. In Santa Ana the financial institutions are of the soundest and those men at the helm have shown their true worth in so looking after the loans and investments of their banks as to bring the greatest good to the greatest number of people. The First National Bank was established in 1886 by Miles M. Crookshank, an experienced banker, whose career as a financier began in Iowa, and it was his guiding hand through a long term of years that firmly established the institution in the community. He had the co-operation of his sons, C. S. and A. J., and today, Angus James Crookshank, as president of the bank, has succeeded to the position long held by his sire.

Angus J. Crookshank was born in Central City, Iowa, on June 1, 1865, the son of Miles M. and Margaret A. (McLeod) Crookshank, both born in Nova Scotia, of sturdy Scotch ancestry. After his school days were over A. J. began his active career in his father's bank at Gladbrook, Iowa, and in that institution he remained until the family came to California in July, 1886, and settled in Santa Ana. After the First National Bank was organized he has held a position in the bank, with but a short time that he was out of it on account of his health, up to the present time. His father died on January 15, 1916, at which time A. J. succeeded to that most important position. Besides he is a director in the Farmers and Merchants Savings Bank, the department organized as a savings bank from the original institution, and with these varied cares he is recognized as among the leading financiers in Orange County. Other business interests claim some of his attention, but it is as a banker that he is best known. In fact, there have been but few progressive movements put forward in this county that have not had his assistance and advice. He is loyal to the county of his adoption and has won friends in every part of Orange County.

Mr. Crookshank was united in marriage at San Jose, Cal., on January 5, 1898, with Miss Josephine M. White, a native daughter, born in Nevada County, the daughter of James M. White, an early settler of the state and for years an official in Nevada County. This union has been blessed by the birth of the following children: Miles J., Constance V., Josephine N., and Marion F., all natives of the Golden State. Mr. Crookshank is an active member of the Congregational Church of Santa Ana, having been for years an officer in the church. He is a stanch Republican in national affairs, but in local matters he places the man or measure before party. He has never failed to do his part as a public-spirited citizen and many are the projects that he has fostered that have helped to make Orange County one of the best-known localities in California.

FRANK L. KLENTZ — Among the ablest of all the sugar manufacturers of the United States, F. L. Klentz, superintendent of the Santa Ana Sugar Company's plant at Dyer, is also one of the best known men in his line. He is also known to his many friends and admirers as a benevolent man with generous impulses and broad, liberal ideas. Born at Norfolk, Nebr., February 6, 1875, Frank L. attended the common schools of his locality and when sixteen years old entered the employ of the Oxnard Sugar Company at Norfolk, and remained with that concern for eight years, mastering the technical details of the business. In 1898 he went to Kalamazoo, Mich., and for two years was with the Kalarnazoo Sugar Company, and for the two years following was in the employ of the sugar company located in Rochester, that state. A couple of years were spent with the Detroit Sugar Company, then for one year he was with the Menominee River Sugar Company, at Menominee; and still later spent three years identified with the Chippewa Sugar Company at Chippewa Falls, Wis. At Charlevoix. Mich., he superintended the erection of a large sugar mill for the West Michigan Sugar Company, and operated it for three years. In 1909 Mr. Klentz came to California and was with the Southern California Sugar Company, at Santa Ana two years.

The eventful period in his eventful career came to him in 1911, when the Santa Ana Cooperative Sugar Company was organized with Mr. Klentz as superintendent, to procure for the company one of the most up-to-date sugar mills that could be brought into being here in Orange County. This was accomplished by Mr. Klentz writing his own specifications for the mill and letting the contract to the Dyer Company of Cleveland, Ohio, to erect the mill as specified. This mill has proven to be the most economical mill in the United States from the point of cost of production. Not only did he superintend the building of the large plant but he has superintended the manufacture of the sugar there ever since.

The Santa Ana Sugar Company was started as a cooperative concern by the Crookshanks. Mr. Irvine and other Santa Ana capitalists, who financed it until it was purchased by the Holly Company, and it has done much to firmly establish one of the most important industries in the county. The factory at Dyer is 66x266 feet in dimension, is situated two miles southeast of Santa Ana. and is said to be the most sanitary, the best equipped and most productive of high grade sugar from the beet, made in the most economical way of any of the great factories in California. During the busy season as many as 425 men arc employed and the factory easily handles 1,000 tons daily, or 1,200 tons if pushed to extra exertion; 80 to 100 tons of lime rock is used daily for refining the sugar, and this is produced by burning the rock in its own kilns on the premises. In 1920, to enhance the efficiency of the mill, a new Steffens House, costing $300,000 was erected and equipped with the most modern of machinery known to science for the manufacture of beet sugar. The manager is E. W. Smiley; the master mechanic is F. J. Wagner; the field superintendent is William Gearhart and the superintendent is Mr. Klentz.

The Holly Sugar Corporation of Denver is a gigantic concern and besides owning the Southern California Sugar Company at Delhi, the Holly Sugar Company, at Huntington Beach; and the Santa Ana Sugar Company at Dyer, owns and controls many other factories in Other counties in this state as well as other parts of the United States. The first mill of this company was started in Colorado. C. A. Johnson is the western manager, and has his headquarters at Huntington Beach, as has G. J. Daley, the general superintendent.

As a rough estimate it is safe to say that Orange County will produce $15,000,000 of sugar beets and $22,000,000 of manufactured sugar in 1920, considering the present inflated prices; this is interesting as compared with the output of the Santa Ana (Cooperative) Sugar Company's plant in 1912, when 226 independent ranchers grew 9,061 acres of beets, and there was an output of 600 tons daily capacity of the plant. Frank L. Klentz was married in Chicago to Miss Lucy C. Breunig, of Humphrey, Nebr., and one son has blessed their union, Lawrence B. He is in the aviation service of the United States and is stationed at Riverside, Cal. The family home is at 806 South Birch Street, and is the center of a genuine, unostentatious hospitality.

JOHN M. BUSH, JR — A thoroughly enterprising and successful rancher worthily representing a very thorough-going- pioneer who stood for great things in early days, is John M. Bush, Jr., the youngest of ten children of John M. Bush, who was born in Kentucky, April 10, 1829, and who removed with his parents to Clay County, Mo., when he was twelve years of age. At the outbreak of the excitement concerning the discovery of gold in California, young Bush, on the day he was of age, set out across the wide continent, crossing the plain in an ox-team train, and in his new venture he succeeded well enough to prefer to remain where he was, rather than to return East. In 1851 he was married in Northern California to Sarah A. Watson, of Independence, Mo,, where she was born in 1836. In about 1869 he came to what is now Orange County
and bought land in Peralta district with his partner, Jonathan Watson, accumulating a large tract of land, part of it now known as the Bixby ranch. He sold off most of it but retained 150 acres which he highly improved and is now divided between his children. He was for a while a walnut rancher on the Santa Ana Canyon Boulevard, about two and a half miles northeast of Olive. He died on February 8, 1913. Mrs. Bush, his faithful companion for so many years, passed away on the home place, March 26, 1920, in the eighty-fourth year of her age.

At her demise, the Santa Ana Register published the following obituary:

"Mrs. Sarah Ann Bush, pioneer, died at her home at Olive, where she had lived since 1869. In going, this remarkable woman leaves 105 descendants — ten children, fifty-five grandchildren, forty great-grandchildren. Her husband, John M. Bush, died seven years ago. Of their fourteen children, ten are living and nine were present at the bedside of their mother when death came.One, Taylor Bush, for many years zanjero for the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company alone was absent, being in the East on a visit. Everyone of Mrs. Bush's ten children are married. Each has a family, but none of them has equaled in numbers the family of their dear mother. One has nine, another eight, two have seven each, one has six, another five, two have four each, another three, while Taylor has two. Some of Mrs. Bush's children have grandchildren. Mrs. Bush came across the plains with her parents when she was a girl of twelve. Her father ran a hotel and did a freighting business at Dry Creek, near Marysville, during gold excitement days. It was in 1869 that she and her husband. John M. Bush, moved to Olive with her brother, Jonathan Watson, the well known pioneer sheepman, now an orchardist at Olive. The ten children left by Mrs. Bush are: Mrs. P. J. Rails. Charles T. and Jonathan Bush, Mrs. L. J. Stone and Mrs. Lillie Holloway. all of Kern County; Mrs. Elizabeth Borden, of San Bernardino; J. M. and J. Taylor Bush, and Mrs. Phoebe Burbank, all of Olive: and Mrs. S. C. Howard, of Long Beach."

John M. Bush, Jr., was born, a native son — of which fact he is naturally proud — on the home ranch above Olive, on December 18, 1880. and was educated in the public schools of Olive, in which community he also grew up. In 1903 he was married to Miss Amelia Lemke, the daughter of the late Chris and Julia Lemke of Olive, originally of German descent. She first came to America in 1890, and was fortunate in settling in the beginning in Orange County. They are the parents of three children: Victor M., Terry N. and Mildred. Both as an agriculturist and a horticulturist. Mr. Bush has attained an enviable position among Orange County farmers, and his thirty acres of walnuts and Valencia oranges, which he set out himself, might well be the pride of anyone ambitious of developing a ranch to a high state of productivity. He still cares for the old home ranch which is devoted to walnuts and has the oldest walnut trees in the county. He is a member and director of Mutual Orange Distributors Association at Olive, and for several years served as a trustee of Olive school district. Always a public-spirited citizen, Mr. Bush and his good wife respond in particular to any movement likely to advance permanently the best interests of the town and the county in which' they live and prosper.

GERALD W. SANDILANDS — A well-trained American of Scotch parentage who has joined in helping to develop the resources of the state, and who, as manager and secretary of a live organization has aided in particular in advancing the citrus interests of Orange County, is Gerald W. Sandilands, a native of London, where he was born on April 28, 1874. He is the son of George M. Sandilands, who was in the government service at Singapore. India, and there served as a member of the local legislature; he had married Miss Jane F. C. Gordon, by whom he had nine children. Five of these are living; and among the family, Gerald was the second youngest.

Having been prepared at both public and private schools in England, Mr. Sandilands then attended the famous College of London, after which, at the age of eighteen, he came out to the United States. He had a brother at Anaheim, and this circumstance led to his coming here and to buying a ranch at Placentia. For four years he raised oranges, and then he embarked in buying oranges at Riverside, and soon came to operate the largest packing house in that city. His brother handled the Riverside end of the business, and Mr. Sandilands for three years represented the enterprise in New York.

Next Mr. Sandilands went to Porto Rico and Jamaica, and handled oranges there for three years, becoming thoroughly familiar with that market. After that he came back to California, while his brother went to Montreal, and for five years he managed the independent shippers. In 1909 he took the management of the Anaheim Citrus Fruit Association, which he so well organized that he built it up to be the largest association, in membership and acreage, in California. The original organization became so large that it was necessary to organize another association, which was done in July, 1918, when the Orange and Lemon Association came into being in order to properly handle and market the fruit. The membership of the new association is over ISO and the acreage represented is more than 2,400. During the season it takes 20 persons to handle the output, which averages each year 1,000 carloads of fruit. Besides his connection with the marketing of citrus fruits, Mr. Sandilands is actively engaged in growing oranges, having developed one grove himself. He has thirty-five acres of oranges in his two groves and is the second largest producer in the association. His success has been made possible because he is familiar with every branch of the business he has followed for the past twenty-eight years, from preparing the soil to selling the product, a recognized authority on all subjects connected with each department.

On November 2, 1898, Mr. Sandilands was married to Miss Rose B. Robison, and their fortunate union has been blessed with the birth of one son, Donald W. Mr. Sandilands is a Mason, but so full of the fraternal spirit that he is capable at all times of demonstrating his public-spiritedness, and his willingness to cooperate with others for the highest standard of good citizenship.

THOMAS E. DOZIER — Two highly-esteemed pioneers of Orange County, who represent distinguished families of North Carolina, among the flower of Southern chivalry and worth, are Mr. and Mrs. Thomas E. Dozier, who reside in their elegant and hospitable home at 532 East Chapman Avenue, Orange. Mr. Dozier was born in Booneville, Yadkin County, on December 9, 1849, and lived in North Carolina during the Civil War. When he was nineteen, however, he struck out into the world, leaving the ancestral home for Missouri, where he already had a brother, who was doing well. The head of the family was Dr. Nathan Bright Dozier. who for thirty-five years practiced medicine at Booneville; he had been married in Yadkin County, the same state, to Miss Olive C. Vestal, so that both father and mother were born, married and died in North Carolina. They had fourteen children, and among them Thomas was the fifth in the order of birth. Grandfather Dozier, who became a substantial planter, migrated from Old England, and in doing so brought with him, for his posterity, some
of the best blood inheritable.

Our subject arrived in Missouri in the fall of 1870 and at once hired out to work on a farm in Platt County. After a year, he went on to Boone County, Ark., and thence went up to Hardin County. Iowa, where he was married to Miss Nancy C. Reese, on February 12, 1873. She had been born in the same county in North Carolina, on July 29, 1851, the daughter of Martin and Sarah Ann (Woodruff) Reese, and had attended the same school where Mr. Dozier studied. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Dozier farmed in Hardin County, Iowa, for thirteen years, and thence they moved to Sumner County, Kans., where they remained for a couple of years. And from Kansas they came to California during the great boom in 1887.

Settling in Whittier with his wife, Mr. Dozier broke the first ground for the first five-acre orchard ever planted in Whittier. It was owned by Strowbridge and Wiggins — Frank Wiggins, who was then, as now, a leading spirit, and is now the secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of Los Angeles. After a year and a half, the Doziers moved over to the Villa Park District, then Los Angeles County and there bought twelve acres of land; and for a generation, or twenty-one years, they continued to
reside in and work for the development of Villa Park. For the past eleven years they have lived in the city of Orange. They helped start the McPherson Heights Orange Growers Association, and worked hard for good roads and prohibition, as well as city sewers and other needed and not always easily-obtained improvements. They joined the Friends Church at El Modena, and also the Orange County Farmers Mutual Insurance Company. He was much interested in the formation of the new county of Orange, and was on the election board when it was voted.

Four children have been granted this worthy couple who have always endeavored, as in matters of popular education, to advance the interests of childhood generally. The eldest, Melvin Bright, died in Iowa when he was eighteen months old; Ray Sylvester is a walnut grower at Walnut Center, near Puente; Martin Edward is manager of the Orange packing house at Garden Grove; and Ernest Leland is an orange grower and resides on South Tustin Street, Orange. Orange County has prospered through just such pioneers as Mr. and Mrs. Dozier, who may well be regarded as having helped to lay the cornerstone of the new republic along the Pacific. At present Mr. Dozier is devoting himself to real estate, with an office at his residence; and his known experience, good judgment and honesty easily make him a desirable agent for those who
wish to invest securely and for the future.

MRS. SARAH AMANDA WATSON — The romantically successful career of a long-honored California pioneer is recalled in the interesting family history of Mrs. Sarah Amanda Watson, widow of the late David Watson, an early sheepman and citrus grower, and for years one of the leading merchants of Olive. He was born in Missouri on November 29. 1846. a son of Henry and Tilda Wratson, who were married in Missouri and came to California with their family in 1849, when David was only three years old. Of English, historic ancestry, Henry Watson was born in Virginia in 1812, and in his younger years had settled in Missouri with his wife, whose family name was Cox. The call of California, however, due to the discovery of gold, so affected them that they abandoned their comfortable Jackson County home and in company with thousands of other emigrants, hurried across the great plains. They tarried for a while where they first landed, in Sacramento, and then went to Dry Creek, near Marysville. where Mr. Watson had a hotel, at the same time that he engaged extensively in freighting. After a while, he sold out his interests there, and lived successively at San Jose. Watsonville. and Visalia, and he was also interested in the sheep business, in the San Joaquin Valley. For a while, too, he ran a grist mill. In 1869 he came to what is now Olive and became the largest landowner here, buying a part of the Rancho Santa Ana de Santiago, the property of the Peraltas.

David Watson also became a large landowner. His first marriage made him the devoted husband of Mary Ann Field, who died in 1874, leaving him three children: Louis, who is at home with Mrs. Watson; Nealy, the rancher, who is married and lives near Olive; and his twin sister, Minnie, now the wife of Chris Loptien who resides at Delano. Mr. Watson was married a second time in Santa Ana, in 1875, to Miss Sarah Amanda Stewart, a native of Chattanooga, Tenn., who was taken by her parents to Arkansas when she was two years old, and there lived until her fourteenth year. Then she went to Texas, and there grew to young womanhood, being nineteen years old when she came to what is now Olive, then called the Bull Well Point. There was then nothing at Orange, and nothing worthwhile at Santa Ana. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Watson settled on their ranch at Olive, and Mrs. Watson brought up her three stepchildren.

As has been said, in early days, David Watson was a sheepman; and keeping thousands of sheep, he had a full complement of herders, cooks and other employees. When he disposed of his sheep, he bought a grocery store, which he managed for twenty years. He also became the owner of a grain farm of 300 acres. When he died, he owned the twenty-four-acre ranch at Olive, and also 160 acres near Newhall, Los Angeles County. On this ranch of twenty-four acres. Mr. Watson died on October 17, 1910. after an "illness of about four years. He was a member of the Christian Church at Orange, and was interred in the new cemetery south of town.

Mrs. Watson, who also owns a ranch of eight acres near Olive, is a daughter of John and Eliza (Wood) Stewart, both of whom were natives of and married in Georgia. Her father was a school teacher, and died when she was a baby, followed to the grave soon after by her mother. They left four children. She was brought up by her grandmother, Agnes Wood of Georgia, who passed away when our subject was twelve years of age. Sarah Stewart then went to live with her oldest sister, who was married and resided in Texas; and from the Lone Star State, she came with her brother, Robert Stewart, now the rancher at Stockton, to Southern California, in June, 1869. Mrs. Watson, like her husband, is also a member of the Christian Church. In many ways, her lines have since fallen in pleasant places; and today Mrs. Watson enjoys the
esteem and good will of a large number of admiring friends.

MR. AND MRS. SAMUEL ARMOR — A native of the state of New York, Samuel Armor was born near Moriah, Essex County, March 20, 1843. He remained with his father's family until he was eighteen, working on the farm in summer and going to school in the winter, wherever the family might be. In the fall of 1854 the family moved to Le Claire, Iowa, where they remained about eighteen months. From there the Armors went to Sheffield, Ill., to stay another eighteen months. They then went to Lucas County, Iowa, where they remained until the family gradually broke up during the early years of the Civil War.

The subject of this sketch left home about the year 1861 and went to Illinois, where he found farm work south of Galva in the summer, going to school each winter. In 1863 he went with half a dozen young men to St. Louis to join the army; but the other young men backed out, so all returned home. He then entered the C class of the Kewanee (Ill.) high school and continued with that class until the spring of 1865, when he enlisted with classmates and others in the Ninth Illinois Cavalry to fill in the ranks that were decimated at the battle of Nashville. In September of that year he was discharged from the service by reason of the close of the war.

After teaching a small school a year, to partially recover his health, Mr. Armor took up his studies again, this time in Knox Academy and College at Galesburg, Ill., with the class of 1871. In the middle of the Freshman year he changed over to Oberlin College in Ohio, where he continued through the classical course and graduated with his class. All these years of study he paid his way by working at whatever he could find to do, teaching one term of school in the winter each year.

About two months after graduation Mr. Armor married Miss Alice L. Taylor, of Claridon, Ohio, a classmate at Oberlin. Having obtained employment of the United States Government as principal and matron of the manual labor boarding school on the Indian reservation at White Earth, Minn., the young couple left for their new field a few weeks after their marriage. They organized and conducted this school with marked success for two years, until the Indian agent was changed, when they resigned their positions and went into a similar school on the Sisseton and Wahpeton reservation
in Dakota. Here they remained only one year, because of the failure of Mr. Armor's health, which necessitated their coming to California.

The first winter in this state they spent in Los Angeles compiling a directory of that city; but, Mrs. Armor having obtained a position In the Orange schools, the couple moved to West Orange April 25, 1875. Previous to leaving Los Angeles, Mr. Armor had taken up carpenter work, with which he was familiar, for the sake of the exercise in the open air; this he continued to follow for several years in Los Angeles and Riverside counties. Meantime, he improved a thirteen-acre ranch on North Main street; but, having to hire so much of the work done, he sold the place and moved into Orange in the year 1881. About the same time he quit carpenter work and went to teaching again. After three years and a half in the Orange schools he resigned his place, on account of the nervous strain, and finished the year clerking for W. B. Forsythe. About August. 1885. Mr. Armor started a book and stationery store on the corner where the Ainsworth block now stands, and later a stock of shoes was put in on the other side of the room. Probably no store in Orange ever did as much business on so small a capital as this store did during the first five years of its existence. From early morning till late at night two persons, and sometimes three, were busy waiting on customers. The next ten years, from 1S90 to 1900. the business gradually fell off to practically nothing, for reasons that will appear in the succeeding paragraphs.

When the county of Orange was formed in 1889. Mr. Armor was persuaded to accept the office of supervisor in his district; this office he held for nearly ten years, being elected three times. In 1892 he was appointed to fill the vacancy on the board of directors of the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company, caused by the resignation of William Blasdale. He continued in this position nearly thirteen years, ten of which he served as president of the company. In 1900 he was elected a member of the board of trustees of the city of Orange, which position he held for eight years, being president of the board for two years. In each and every one of these offices he was an active worker, personally examining everything that came before the board and standing firmly against whatever was prejudicial to the interests of the whole people.

As already intimated, the business of the store commenced to dwindle almost as soon as Mr. Armor began to hold office. This was not due to any neglect of the store, for he always kept the best of clerks and gave much of his own time to managing the business; but it was due to antagonisms created by his sturdy defense of the public interests while he was in office. It is not necessary to give examples of such antagonisms or to explain the deterioration and depletion of the stock; suffice it to say that the store was voluntarily closed in 1900 by its owner with no loss to any one, except himself.

But even this loss had is compensations, for, with the sacrifice of his business, Mr. Armor had more time to assist his wife with her newspaper, and thereby use it in defense of his public work, the success of which was mere important to him than any personal gain would be. Hence, he wasted no time in vain regrets and would not have changed any of his acts in the past, if he could. In fact, the logic of events since has vindicated the wisdom and value of his pioneer work for the county, the city, the water company, the schools, the churches, and good government generally.

At the present time Mr. Armor is serving his second term as justice of the peace of Orange township. Since the community is orderly and the merchants, doing business on a cash basis, have few collections to make, the justice is not overburdened with official business; nevertheless, any one seeking his aid or counsel generally finds him at the office in office hours. None of his decisions have been reversed by the higher courts, and the only reflection on his judicial work — if such it can be called — is found in the fact that, in criminal cases, the "rich malefactor" hires a lawyer who invariably calls for a jury trial and wins his case, while the poor devil, overtaken in a fault, pleads guilty and gets "justice" dealt out to him by the court. Perhaps the jury thinks the payment of a lawyer's fee is punishment enough for the offender to undergo!

Alice L. Taylor was born August 20, 1848, at Stockholm, St. Lawrence County, N. Y. Her father, Rev. E. D. Taylor, was one of six brothers, who were all Congregational ministers. Her mother was Mary Ann Lewis of Lenox, Madison County, N. Y.
When Alice was about three years of age, the family removed to Chagrin Falls, Ohio, and four years later to Claridon, Geauga County, Ohio. Mr. Taylor was pastor of the Congregational Church at Claridon until the death of his wife in 1872, and in that place his children spent the years of their childhood and early youth. As the schools of that period were primitive in character, Mr. and Mrs. Taylor taught select schools at different times and in these and the district schools their children received their earlier education, later attending private schools and academies in other places, the two girls being students for a time at Lake Erie Female Seminary at Painesville, Ohio. The only son, E. D. Taylor, Jr., served for three years in the Federal Army during the Civil War.

In the fall of 1865 Alice Taylor went to Algona, Iowa, with an uncle. Rev. Chauncey Taylor, a pioneer home missionary of that state. She remained in Iowa a year, teaching two terms in country schools. Returning home in the fall of 1866, she went in November to Lexington, Ky., in the employ of the American Missionary Association, and taught in the colored schools of that city until June of the following year. In the fall of 1867, she entered Oberlin College, beginning the first year of the literary course. During the four years of her college course, she taught school several terms and also taught classes in the preparatory department of the college. Shortly after graduation. August 9, 1871, she was married to Samuel Armor and with him took up school work among the Indians for the Government. After three years of this work, the Armors came to California in the fall of 1874 and to Orange in the following spring.

Mrs. Armor got a first grade certificate at the teachers' examination for the county of Los Angeles and on the same papers she was granted a first grade state certificate and life diploma. She taught many years at Orange, Garden Grove and Tustin and was considered a first class teacher. Superintendent Hinton urged her to apply for a place in the Los Angeles schools; but she told him that, if his rating of her work as first class was correct, they needed first class teachers in the country as well as in the city and she would stay where she was. All this time she was doing her own housework, caring for the animals when Mr. Armor was working away from home, singing in the choir and at all kinds of meetings and entertainments and teaching a class in Sunday school. Members of that class of about thirty-five years ago, learning recently of Mrs. Armor's illness, sent her valuable presents and letters expressing their appreciation of her worth as a teacher and gratitude for the help and inspiration her teaching had been to them.

About 1890 Mrs. Armor quit teaching and began work on The Orange Post as proofreader, city editor, bookkeeper and general factotum. As the proprietor was contemplating giving up the struggle, Mrs. Armor put in her account for work with some additional money and bought the paper in January, 1892. She inherited literary tastes and was a graceful writer; her articles in college entertainments, teachers' institutes and literary periodicals were well received and won her praise. However, newspaper work for her, without sufficient capital to hire help for the routine work, was like harnessing Pegasus to the plow — too much drudgery to keep the poetic afflatus active and aglow. Nevertheless, it is her proud record that she got out the paper on time each week for twenty-three years without missing a single issue. During the settling up of the country and the formative period of its institutions, The Orange Post had considerable influence in getting things started right and was liberally quoted by its exchanges.

After the sale of her paper early in 1915, Mrs. Armor found ample scope for her usefulness in the King's Daughters, the Woman's Relief Corps, as a deaconess of the Presbyterian Church, in visiting the sick and shut-ins, and in writing letters of cheer and comfort to those at a distance. In these ministrations of helpfulness, she herself has often been cheered and comforted by the calm fortitude and abiding faith of these unfortunates, "of whom the world was not worthy."

HORACE CALDWELL HEAD — Prominent among the distinguished members of the California Bar, and as favorably as he is well-known, must be mentioned Horace Caldwell Head, who has been a resident of California since his sixth year, when he accompanied his parents on their removal, in the famous Centennial Year of 1876, from their home state, Tennessee and located near Santa Ana, then Los Angeles, but now Orange County. He was born at Troy, in Obion County, Tenn., on August 22, 1870, a son of Dr. H. W. Head, a prominent physician and surgeon in great demand in that county, who had married Miss Maria E. Caldwell, a lady of accomplishments. In 1876, Dr. Head came to California with the intention of retiring from the practice of medicine, and engaged in horticulture; but the scarcity of physicians forced him, out of regard to society, into practice again, and he spent several years alleviating pain and doing good. He was also much interested in andbecame prominent in civic affairs — so much so, that the citizens of his district elected him in 1882 a member of the Assembly of the State Legislature; and he served in that responsible capacity for the sessions of 1883 and the special session of 1884, and later took a leading part in the formation and organization of Orange County. He became, in fact, a well-known pioneer, who was a prominent, familiar figure throughout the county; but in later life he lived retired, and died on December 5, 1919, survived by a widow and seven children.

The eldest of these, Horace Caldwell Head, received the nucleus of his education in the public schools of Garden Grove, completing it in the University of California at Berkeley, from which he was graduated in 1891 with the degree of Ph.B. After that, for a couple of years, he turned his attention to teaching, and he then entered the Hastings College of Law in San Francisco, the law department of the University of California, from which he received the degree of LL.B. in 1896. In May of that year, he was admitted to practice at the California Bar, and in the fall of 1896 he located at Fullerton, and began to practice his profession.

From the beginning, he met with such merited success that he was elected district attorney in 1902, and took office the following January, for a term of four years, which necessitated his removal to Santa Ana, a change to which he was evidently not personally opposed, for he has since made that delightful city his home. At the close of his term of office, he engaged in the practice of law in Santa Ana, and later he formed a partnership with A. W. Rutan, under the firm name of Head and Rutan, and opened offices in the Farmers and Merchants Bank Building.

At Fullerton, in 1900, occurred the marriage of Horace C. Head and Miss Anna G. Hansen. whose parents had settled at Placentia in 1874. Her father, Peter Hansen, is still living, honored by all who know his sterling worth. Two children have blessed this fortunate marriage, and they are named Melville and Iris Head.

Since his term as district attorney, when he attained a very enviable reputation for his common sense, but fearless administration, his prosecution of criminals, defense of the best interests of the county, and his influence in favor of a better and higher civic sense, Mr. Head has devoted himself to private practice, enjoying more and more a large and highly creditable client le. His standing is attested by the interesting fact that he is president of the Orange County Bar Association, and an influential director in the Santa Ana Chamber of Commerce. During the late war, he was active in all the bond and war drives, and was one of the most acceptable "four minute" speakers. He takes a deep interest in the welfare of young men, recognizing in youth the strength and the hope of the nation, and is an unselfish, untiring worker in the various departments of the Y. M. C. A.

Politically a Democrat, but decidedly nonpartisan in his support of local movements, measures and men, Mr. Head is a Knights Templar Mason, and also a member of the Odd Fellows, and is a past exalted ruler of the Elks.

MRS. MARIA FAACKS — The well-kept and productive ten-acre orange ranch of Mrs. Maria Faacks, widow of the late Herman Faacks, is located on Santa Clara Avenue, Orange. Both Mr. and Mrs. Faacks were born near Berlin, Germany, the former in 1840. the latter in 1844. She was a daughter of Wm. and Johanna (Henning) Schulz, farmer folk, who brought their family to St. Paul, Minn., in 1865. Maria Schulz was the second oldest of their eight children, all of whom are living, but she is the only one in California. She was first married in St. Paul in 1866 to Julius Schmidt, a native of Saxony, Germany, who had come to Minnesota in the fifties, and served as an officer in a Minnesota regiment in the Civil War, after which he engaged in business in St. Paul until his death, which occurred in 1871. She afterwards married Herman Faacks, who had come to St. Paul in 1867 from his native place, Brandenburg, and by trade was a painter and decorator, a business he followed until, on account of his health, they came to Orange, Cal., in 1884, where they purchased ten acres on Santa Clara Avenue. It was a vineyard, which they grubbed out, and when they got it in shape set to Valencia oranges.

They had six children: Dora, Mrs. Logan, resides near San Francisco; Rudolph lives in Los Angeles, and has three children; Herman is in charge of operating the home farm; Edward died in Los Angeles; Oscar and Henry are in Lankershim. and the latter has one child.

Change of climate did not restore his health, and an impaired constitution soon brought Mr. Faacks to the end of his earthly journey while still in the prime of life. He died January 20. 1890. and was buried in the old cemetery adjacent to his ranch, and his widow and children were left to mourn his untimely decease. A worthy citizen, loyal to his adopted country, a devoted husband and a loving father, his memory is cherished in the hearts of loved ones who remember his sincerity of purpose and many noble qualities of character. In her religious convictions, Mrs. Faacks is a Lutheran, and politically is a strong Republican.

J. D. SPENNETTA — A fruit buyer and shipper who well understands the ins and outs of that intricate business is J. D. Spennetta, proprietor of the Red Fox Orchards, who has made that brand widely and favorably known and has built up a good trade such as anyone might be proud of. He first came to Southern California in 1904, and since that time has witnessed many changes in the rapid advance to which he has been such a large contributor. He was born near St. Joseph, Berrien County. Mich., in 1886. the son of H. J. Spennetta, a farmer now residing at Orange, and attended the local
grammar and high schools. Four years after the dawn of this eventful century he located at Cucamonga, Cal., and became the bookkeeper for the Cucamonga Citrus Fruit Growers Association there, working under Manager Stanton; and after the latter's death he left that concern and entered the employ of the Mutual Orange Distributors. At the end of a year, he was transferred to the main office at Redlands, where he became cashier; and in that position of considerable responsibility he remained until 1913, when he resigned and removed to Orange.

Here he bought a ranch, now famous as the Red Fox Orchards and in 1913 he set up a packing house in Orange and began as a fruit buyer. Since then, by foresight, study and hard work, he has built up a large patronage. The first year he shipped seventy-five cars, and now he dispatches 650 cars. He has a line of trucks, and engages in a general trucking trade. Mr. Spennetta also handles fertilizer of the very highest grades and in quantity about 10.000 tons per year. He enjoys the reputation of being also the largest dealer of barley and bean straw in Orange County, handling approximately 7,500 tons. He is one of the original stockholders, directors and a vice-president of the First National Bank of Olive: in national politics he is a Republican, but he allows no partisanship to deter him from lending a hand when and wherever he can to boost both city and county of Orange.

While in Dakota, Mr. Spennetta was married to Miss Edna Cheuning. a native of Missouri, by whom he has had three children — Elizabeth. Paul and Mary. He was made a Mason in Orange Grove Lodge No. 293, and belongs to Orange Grove Chapter No. 99 of the Royal Arch Masons and Santa Ana Commandery No. 36. Knights Templar. He also has risen to the thirty-second degree in the Los Angeles Consistory of the Scottish Rite Masons, and he belongs to the Al Malaikah Temple of the A. A. O. N. M. S. of Los Angeles, and the Santa Ana Lodge of Elks.

ARTHUR H. DOMANN, M.D. — A distinguished representative of the medical fraternity of California, and one whose influence particularly in the Southland has been felt in favor of the most scientific conservation of the public welfare, is Dr. Arthur H. Domann, for the past five years County Health Officer and County Physician. He was born at Milwaukee, Wis., in 1879, where his father, Gustave Domann, still resides, with an honorable record as a first-class printer. His devoted mother, a splendid woman popular in maidenhood as Wilhelmina Stark, is also living there. Their union was blessed with three children — the subject of our review, the first born; William Domann a practicing physician at Menomonee Falls, Wis.; and a daughter, now Mrs. Arthur Murray of Milwaukee.

Commencing with the grammar schools of Milwaukee, Arthur was later graduated with honors from the excellent high school of that city, and when eighteen began to study pharmacy, under John A. Martens in Milwaukee. He remained in that field until 1902 when he moved to the Pacific Coast, settled for a while in Montana, and was later for several years in the state of Washington. Returning to Milwaukee, he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons there, one of the best medical schools west of the original institution of that name in New York City, and for two years studied medicine. Coming once again to the Coast, and to California, in 1909, he continued his medical studies at the University of Southern California, where he was graduated with the degree of M.D.

Since settling at Orange, Dr. Domann has rapidly advanced to the position of confidence in the public esteem which he now enjoys, being widely known as a successful physician and surgeon. His appointment as county physician and county health officer gave general satisfaction. Naturally, he belongs to the Orange County Medical Society, the State Medical Society and to the American Medical Association. In addition to his scientific research and practice, Dr. Domann is interested in citrus culture, and owns an orange and lemon orchard of thirty acres in the Peralta Hills, which he himself set out and improved from the start.

At Spokane, Wash., Dr. Domann was married to Miss Birdie Carter, a native of Kentucky, who is a member with him of the Scepter Chapter No. 163 of the Order Eastern Star of Orange. Dr. Domann was made a Mason in Fort Benton Lodge, F. & A. M., Montana, when he was twenty-one years of age, and he is now a member of Orange Grove Lodge No. 293, F. & A. M. He is also a member of Orange Grove Chapter No. 99, R. A. M. He belongs to Santa Ana Commandery No. 36, Knights Templar, and to the Al Malaikah Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., and he is an Elk, belonging to the Santa Ana Lodge, and a member of the Orange Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

JOHNTY P. BORING — One of the decidedly interesting early settlers of Orange, who has done his part faithfully for both the building up and the upbuilding of the town and county, is Johnty P. Boring, who came here in the summer of 1882. He was born at Palestine, Crawford County, Ill., on January 7, 1860, the son of Washington M. Boring, who was born in Marion County, Ind., member of an old Kentucky family, who were early settlers of the Hoosier State. Washington Boring came to Illinois with his parents, and was a wheelwright in Bridgeport and, later, at Ingraham. He passed his last days peacefully at Orange. Mrs. Boring was Matilda Robbins before her marriage, and she was a native of Vincennes, Ind., of French descent. She also died at Orange, the mother of three boys and a girl, one of the sons being now deceased. The daughter Florence is Mrs. D. C. Pixley of Orange; and the other son living is Knox R. Boring of Oakland.

Johnty P. was educated in the public schools of Ingraham, and when eighteen, began clerking in a general store there. In August, 1882, he came to California, and pitched his tent at Orange, then such a small place that it had no sidewalks or any other public improvements. He began clerking for D. C. Pixley. with whom he continued for five years, and he was then in the hardware business under the firm name of Pixley and Boring for two years. After that he was with C. S. Spencer in the grocery business, and later still was for eight years with Samuel Armor in his shoe and stationery store.

About 1900 Mr. Boring built a frame structure on his lots on South Glassell Street, and there opened a bicycle, gun and sporting goods store. Four years later, when he had no insurance, he was burned out, with a loss of $4,000. Nothing daunted, he began again at the bottom and built up a new business on the same site, and so well succeeded that he now has a new building on South Glassell Street, having a frontage of 120 feet, and occupied by six different stores. He continued in business until July, 1918, when he sold out his stock and has since rented his buildings. Since then he has built a two-story, four family white plastered flat in East Hollywood, modern and up-to-date, which yields a splendid income. Mr. Boring is a director in the Orange Building and Loan Association, having been connected with it for about a quarter of a century, and he is a member of the security committee of the association. He is also interested in citrus growing, and owns an orange and lemon orchard at Villa Park. He is a member of the Villa Park Orchard Association, and the Central Lemon Association.

On January 20. 1887. Mr. Boring was married, at Orange, to Miss Belle D. Hall, a native of Richland County, Ill. Two children have blessed this union; one is living Ronald A. Boring, who is attending the Orange Union high school. Mr. Boring was school trustee of Orange for many years, and also clerk of the board. He was, besides, city trustee for four years, and chairman of the finance committee; he was a member of the board when the sewers were being built, and when the paving of streets was first undertaken. A true-blue Republican, Mr. Boring was more than once a delegate to conventions in the days before the primaries.

Mr. Boring was made a Mason in Orange Grove Lodge No. 293, F. & A. M., and was exalted to the royal arch degree in Orange Grove Chapter No. 99, R. A. M., and he was knighted in Santa Ana Commandery No. 36, Knights Templar. He is a member of Al Malaikah Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., in Los Angeles, and he is a member of the Odd Fellows Lodge in Orange and with his wife he is a member of Scepter Chapter No. 163, Order Eastern Star, and Mrs. Boring is also a member of the Woman's Club of Orange. They are charter members of the Christian Church, in which Mr. Boring was a trustee for many years. In addition to being active in all the business associations in Orange, Mr. Boring has long participated in civic endeavors and in every good movement for the welfare of the community.

DANIEL F. ROYER, M. D. — An eminent physician more than distinguished for both his scientific and technical ability and his uprightness of character, is Dr. Daniel F. Royer, now one of the leading and most popular citizens of Orange. He was born at Waynesboro in the Cumberland Valley, Pa., and after sound schooling, was graduated from Carlisle College in Pennsylvania, after which he entered the State Normal School and completed the full course. Then he matriculated in the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, one of the foremost schools of medicine in the world, and having graduated from this institution with high honors, he entered with a fine scientific foundation upon a year of practical work in a large city hospital. This experience, so many-sided in its nature, proved invaluable to him. and when he was ready to attempt private practice, he did so as a skillful surgeon and a highly-trained professional man.

Dr. Royer located for a while in Alpena, S. D., and soon attained an exceptionally prominent position in the field of medicine, while filling with honor and credit important public offices. He was for some time U. S. pension agent there, and for many years represented the Government in a similar capacity here. He was U. S. Indian agent at Pine Ridge during the stirring days when Sitting Bull had the populace of that entire section so alarmed, and during the fatal conflict with the two Indian chiefs, Dr. Royer fulfilled every duty in just such a manner as those personally acquainted with him might expect. He was also city treasurer 'of Alpena for six years, and served on the board of education for nine years. He was a member of the Dakota legislature during the two terms previous to the division of the Dakotas, and was a leader on the floor, and was speaker pro tern for several weeks during the absence of the speaker. As a registered pharmacist, he was one of the state board of pharmacy examiners and a member of various medical associations.

Dr. Royer came to Southern California on Christmas Day, 1896, and intended to establish himself in Los Angeles. In looking over some property he owned west of Orange, however, he carefully inspected the entire locality and decided to cast his lot here. The prospects for growth and development were very apparent, and he decided to make Orange his future home. He has been identified with the advancement of the city from the outset, and has participated in many of the movements which led the community to establish municipal undertakings of great necessity and importance. He was a member of the board of trustees of Orange for six years, and was mayor for one of the terms. There, as at other times and places, he exerted his best efforts for the good of the community, and in spite of his extensive medical practice, he devoted considerable time to the duties of his public offices.

Dr. Royer has met with pronounced success in Orange in the practice of his profession, and his strong personality, intensive application to everything he undertakes, and careful, conscientious regard for all things pertaining to the responsibilities of his calling, have called forth a responsive note in the public mind, and he is held in the highest esteem both by his fellow citizens and his fellow practitioners — a circumstance amply demonstrated in innumerable ways. Dr. Royer is a member of the County Medical Association, the State Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the Southern California Medical Association, and the Pacific Coast Railway Surgeons' Association, and is the local surgeon for the Santa Fe, the Southern Pacific and the Pacific Electric railroads.

During the World War, Dr. Royer was a member of the local exemption board for District No. 1, of Orange County, which examined nearly 6,000 men, and gave freely of his time and services. He is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner, as well as an Elk and an Odd Fellow, and enjoys in the circle of each of these well-known fraternities an enviable and deserved popularity.

THEODORE E. SCHMIDT — A singularly appropriate analogy between the past and present is suggested by the fact that Theodore E. Schmidt spent his well-earned retirement in Anaheim, for in the very early days of the city's immaturity he was a prophet of wise foresight, and even suggested the name of the city. As his name implies Mr. Schmidt was of German ancestry, and in his native town of Bielefeldt he was educated in the public schools, "and at a comparatively early age embarked in the dry goods business. This business experience was supplemented by extensive travel in different parts of Europe, principally in France and Spain, after which he enlisted in the German army as a private in the Fifteenth Infantry of Fusiliers and for meritorious service was advanced to the rank of lieutenant. After an honorable discharge he came to America in 1848, and in the latter part of the same year he started out to cross Texas and Mexico, and at Mazatlan boarded a French sailing vessel which eventually anchored at San Francisco, the entire journey having consumed about seven months. As a means of livelihood he went to work in a brickyard, and afterwards became the proprietor of a bakery establishment which he conducted for two years. Later he engaged in the dry goods business. Meantime he became one of the chief promoters of the Los Angeles Vineyard Company, of which he was the first president and leading director. The company bought the tract of land upon which Anaheim is built, and as before stated, the name of the embryo town was the suggestion of Mr. Schmidt. In 1860 he located here and engaged in horticulture upon forty acres of land, and continued with fair success until 1871. A desire to visit the land of his birth was the natural outgrowth of his success, and he therefore spent about a year in Westphalia, and upon returning to New York was accompanied by his brother. In New York City he started a wholesale wine business, his chief object being the marketing of the Anaheim wines, but his stock also included other brands. From a comparatively modest beginning at the foot of Broadway, on Bowling Green, he was obliged with the increase of trade to remove to more commodious quarters on Warren Street, where, under the firm name of James M. Bell & Company, he managed a thoroughly successful venture for many years.

In 1893 Mr. Schmidt disposed of his New York wine interests and removed to Yineland, N. J.. where he purchased fifty-two acres of land and engaged in horticulture. This property he retained and owned until his death, but in 1899 he returned to Anaheim. Cal., and here he lived retired until his demise in 1911. He was married in San Francisco in 1859 to Clementine Zimmerman born in New Orleans, La., who came to California with her parents in pioneer days; she died while on a visit to San Francisco on October 8, 1913. They had five children, two boys and three girls, and two are living: Mrs. Clementine Turck of Anaheim and Mrs. J. H. Bullard of Los Angeles. It is an interesting fact that the south twenty acres of his original purchase is built up for business houses and residences, while the north twenty acres has been kept intact by the family until now the city has voted bonds to take it over for a city park, and a most beautiful location it is.

RAY C. LAMBERT — A young man who has well fulfilled the Latin motto, "Seize the day," and has so improved his opportunities that he has succeeded beyond his most sanguine expectations, making good as a citrus grower who thoroughly understands the attractive industry and renders it still more attractive by his scientific methods of operation, is Ray C. Lambert who leases and cultivates a valuable part of the Irvine ranch. He is a son of Charles C. Lambert, the pioneer of Tustin still living and retired, a native of Iowa who came to California as a young man and set himself up in business as a grading contractor. Among the extensive contracts undertaken by him was the grading for the Salt Lake and Santa Fe railroads in Los Angeles. Later, he joined the Fourth Street Meat Market in Santa Ana and helped build up its trade. He married Miss Amelia Hadley, who died in 1904, leaving four children: Everett Clayton, who patriotically served his country on board the Oregon, passed away in 1904, in Japan, a victim of pleuro-pneumonia — a favorite with his sailor-fellows and with all the officers, as well; Ray C. Lambert is the subject of our review, and he is assisted by his brother, Charles C., Jr.; Gertrude Amelia lives in Los Angeles.

Ray attended the public schools at Tustin and put in a couple of years at the Santa Ana high school. Then he engaged in the nursery business at Tustin until he came to his present place on the Irvine ranch, in 1913, having secured an optional lease on 160 acres and immediately began the work of developing water, which he found he could have in abundance by sinking two wells 300 feet deep. He began with one well, and now both are pumped by two engines of twenty-five horsepower each, giving him over 100 inches of water which is more than ample to irrigate his entire holding.

Mr. Lambert made an agreement with Mr. Irvine by which, after a number of years of successful operation, he becomes the owner of half of the ranch he is now tenanting, and in the spring of 1914 began to plant Valencia orange trees. This work he continued through 1915 and 1916, and in the latter year he also set out lemon trees. He also installed a cement pipe line system, all the pipe being made on the place. The orchard has been interplanted with lima beans; and as he has been able to carry out his contract with Mr. Irvine to the letter the orchards having the required elevation, thus placing them in a thermal belt where it is practically frostless, and with the deep loam sediment soil he is, especially as a young man, very comfortably situated.

On August 10, 1915, Mr. Lambert was married at Santa Ana to Miss Clara "Wells, a daughter of George VV. and Clara (Stearns) Wells. He was a native of Illinois, and she a native of New York state, and they were married in Kansas and came to California in 1901. They settled at Santa Ana and are now living in the Yorba Linda district. Miss Wells attended the public schools at Santa Ana, and later was a student in the exclusive school for young ladies, Huntington Hall in Los Angeles. One child has blessed this union. Barbara Amelia. Mr. and Mrs. Lambert are prominent members of the First Presbyterian Church at Santa Ana, and Mr. Lambert is valued as a standpatter in the Republican ranks. In 1916. Mr. Lambert built a handsome residence, at a cost of $15,000 dollars, on an elevation, among the foothills at the east of the Irvine ranch, and from his home, on a clear day, one can obtain an inspiring view of San Pedro and the blue Pacific twenty-five miles away, as well as an enchanting vista of the wide-spreading, picturesque Irvine ranch. Having thus succeeded to such an exceptional degree during these few early years of his activity, Mr. Lambert gives promise of far greater things in the immediate future; and it is this capital in men and women of capacity for accomplishment which makes California truly a "Golden State."

DOMINGO ERRAMUSPE — A native son of the Golden West, whose rise amid the inspiring and favoring conditions of agricultural life in Southern California has given him a level business head, is Domingo Erramuspe, one of the bonanza farmers operating a trim ranch of his own fortunately situated between the Moulton and the Irvine or San Joaquin ranches, and believed to be valuable oil land. He was born in Los Angeles on September 3, 1877, the son of John Erramuspe, one of the early landowners south of Santa Ana, who came from the Basses-Pyrenees country in France, and brought with him a devoted wife, who was Miss Grace Etcheverria, a native of Navarra, Spain. After they were married in the old country, they migrated to South America, where Mr. Erramuspe had two brothers, and for five or six years they remained south of the Equator, speculating and trying various ventures, before they came northward to California in 1870. Here, on the old O'Neill Ranch, east of Capistrano, he ran 20,000 sheep for Louis Lartiga. Two children were born to these parents, who have been dead now for the last ten years; the elder, Domingo, the subject of our instructive sketch, and Bernardo, who resides at San Jacinto and is engaged in ranching.

Domingo grew up around Santa Ana, and there, in 1911, he was married to Miss Marie Etcheverria, a native of Navarra, Spain, a woman with just those accomplishments needed for the happy domestic life of a well-equipped ranch, and one who has entered heartily into all of her husband's ambitious plans. Two children came to cheer them further, Grace and Dominique. In 1915. Mr. Erramuspe had his comfortable home built, a pretty two-story dwelling, with all modern improvements. In national political affairs preferring the platform of the Republicans, Mr. Erramuspe is a good mixer, a good booster, and supports well-endorsed local projects without any political or religious bias whatever.

At present Mr. Erramuspe is cultivating 168 acres absolutely in his own right, while he also leases and farms 700 acres of the Moulton Ranch, and 500 of the Whitney, and 350 acres of the O'Neill ranches, or nearly 1,700 acres in all. Fourteen hundred acres of this are under the plow. Drilling for oil will soon begin on his home place, and there are indications that the flow of the precious liquid will be ample when once the source has been struck. He uses four eight-mule teams and has a sixty horsepower Holt Caterpillar tractor for motor power, and farms strictly according to the most scientific methods, getting assured, superior results.

History of Orange County, California: Samuel Armor

Historic Record Company, Los Angeles, CA 1921

Transcribed by: Marianne Swan, 16 November 2008 : Pages - 589 - 632

                                                                                      Site Created: 21 November 2008
                                                                                          Martha A Crosley Graham
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